refactor(server): extract the version route into routers/version.py (R3)

GET /api/version + its exclusive _safe_http_url URL validator. Bodies verbatim
except @app -> @router and the VERSION-file lookup: Path(__file__).parent (the
app root when this lived at the top level) -> Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
(routers -> lib -> app root). VERSION ships at the app root in every packaging
path (Dockerfile COPY VERSION /app/, desktop bundle).

server.py: 7,275 -> 7,214.

Verified: pyflakes clean; route table IDENTICAL (143); pytest 2401 passed (33 in
test_version_endpoint, incl the URL-validation + env-override cases); eslint 0.
Boot smoke: /api/version returns the real version + validated source/license URLs.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
   next root-level module can't ship broken.
 
 ### Added
-- **`routers/` — extracting `server.py`'s route layer, cheapest-first (R3).** Each PR moves a cohesive route group into a `fastapi.APIRouter` under `lib/routers/`, mounted with `app.include_router(...)` at its original site (FastAPI matches in registration order; the full route table stays byte-identical). Bodies are verbatim — only the decorator receiver (`@app` → `@router`) and singleton reads (`meta_db` → `appstate.meta_db`, resolved at call time) change. So far: `audio_effects` (5), `artist_aliases` (5), `loops` (3 — saved A/B practice regions). The next cut is picked by a dependency-closure scan that ranks groups by how many `monkeypatch.setattr(server, …)` targets they'd drag along.
+- **Perf harness now measures 2D-highway frame time (R3c gate).** `scripts/perf-baseline.mjs` gains a `--song` mode that reports per-frame draw-cost p50/p95/p99 (draw-tagged via `highway.addDrawHook`), the metric that gates the `highway.js` split. Maintainer/CI-only; baseline recorded in `docs/perf-baseline.md`.
+- **`routers/` — extracting `server.py`'s route layer, cheapest-first (R3).** Each PR moves a cohesive route group into a `fastapi.APIRouter` under `lib/routers/`, mounted with `app.include_router(...)` at its original site (FastAPI matches in registration order; the full route table stays byte-identical). Bodies are verbatim — only the decorator receiver (`@app` → `@router`) and singleton reads (`meta_db` → `appstate.meta_db`, resolved at call time) change. So far: `audio_effects` (5), `artist_aliases` (5), `loops` (3), `playlists` (12 + covers), `ws_highway` (the 902-line highway chart WebSocket), `chart` (split/unsplit/work/fileinfo — unblocked by the DLC-path substrate). The DLC library-path resolution (`_get_dlc_dir`, pure `_resolve_dlc_path`) moved to `lib/dlc_paths.py`, reading paths through the seam; `config_dir`/`dlc_dir`/`dlc_dir_env` now ride the `appstate` seam (env-derived, so the pop-and-reimport fixtures reconfigure it for free), and the shared request-field sanitizer `_clean_str` moved to `lib/reqfields.py`. The next cut is picked by a dependency-closure scan that ranks groups by how many `monkeypatch.setattr(server, …)` targets they'd drag along.
 - **`routers/` — the first extracted route module (R3).** The five audio-effects mapping
   endpoints move out of `server.py` into `lib/routers/audio_effects.py` as a
   `fastapi.APIRouter`, mounted with `app.include_router(...)` **at the point in the file

docs/perf-baseline.md

@@ -37,6 +37,31 @@ the hooks, they just need real songs in `DLC_DIR`.
 
 ## Results
 
+### R3c pre-lift baseline — 2026-07-10 (2D highway draw cost)
+
+The gate for the `highway.js` split. Captured on a seeded library (the 33 MB
+Arcturus feedpak) with the new `--song` mode, which measures **per-frame draw
+cost** — rAF callbacks are tagged via `highway.addDrawHook`, so only frames the
+highway actually painted count (the other ~half are cheap no-op loops that would
+otherwise mask a regression). Any `highway.js` change must re-run this on the
+same machine and stay within noise of these numbers.
+
+```bash
+node scripts/perf-baseline.mjs --base http://127.0.0.1:8300 \
+    --song "Arcturus - The Sham Mirrors - Kinetic.feedpak"
+```
+
+| run | draw frames | p50 | p95 | p99 | max |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| 1 | 53/106 | 2.2 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
+| 2 | 50/100 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
+| 3 | 53/106 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 3.5 |
+
+**p50 ≈ 2.2 ms · p95 spread 2.7–3.2 ms** (3 runs × 10 s playback, headless
+chromium on the dev box). The `H`-container lift changes each closure-slot read
+to a `H.<slot>` property load; this is the number that proves it doesn't cost the
+hot loop.
+
 ### R0 baseline — 2026-07-08 (branch `feat/r0-plugin-module-rails`)
 
 > ⚠️ A quick capture (`--n 50 --soak 8`) against an **empty** library (no charts

docs/size-exemptions.md

@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ without a *signed* exemption" is unenforceable.
 ## Planned, NOT exempt (owned by split plans — listed so nothing falls between states)
 
 core `static/app.js` (11,852) · `static/highway.js` (4,168, whole file) · `server.py`
-(9,302 — was 14,037; ratcheted by the R3 `MetadataDB` + `AudioEffectsMappingDB`
-extractions and the first three `routers/` modules) ·
+(7,216 — was 14,037; ratcheted by the R3 `MetadataDB` + `AudioEffectsMappingDB`
+extractions and thirteen `routers/` modules) ·
 `lib/metadata_db.py` (4,373 — new in R3; the `MetadataDB` class alone is 4,018 lines
 and is a monolith in its own right, to be split per-table once the router train
 lands) · `static/v3/songs.js` (4,134) · `static/capabilities/audio-session.js`

lib/appstate.py

@@ -62,10 +62,38 @@ copies a hardcoded file list — that regression is what moved this file here.
 meta_db = None
 audio_effect_mappings = None
 
-# Declared up front so `configure()` can reject a typo'd or stale keyword
-# instead of silently creating a new global that nothing ever reads. A seam
-# whose wiring can no-op undetected is worse than no seam.
-_SLOTS = frozenset({"meta_db", "audio_effect_mappings"})
+# Config paths. server.py derives these from the environment (fresh on every
+# import, so the ~49 pop-and-reimport fixtures keep working) and injects them
+# here. Routers read them as `appstate.config_dir` etc. — a module attribute at
+# call time. NOTE: config_dir/dlc_dir are env-derived, so a `setenv`+reimport
+# test reconfigures them for free; STATIC_DIR/SLOPPAK_CACHE_DIR are patched via
+# `setattr(server, …)` in a few tests, so those slots (when added) need their
+# tests retargeted to appstate in the same PR.
+config_dir = None
+dlc_dir = None          # the DLC_DIR env value as a Path (Path("") if unset)
+dlc_dir_env = None      # the raw DLC_DIR env string, "" if unset — distinguishes
+                        # "unset" from Path("")→"." (see dlc_paths._get_dlc_dir)
+# Cache/asset dirs. static_dir + sloppak_cache_dir are patched via
+# `setattr(server, …)` in a few tests, so a router reading them here needs those
+# setattr sites retargeted to `setattr(appstate, …)` in the same PR (ws_highway
+# retargets the 3 test_highway_ws_* SLOPPAK sites). config_dir-derived dirs are
+# reconfigured for free on a setenv+reimport.
+static_dir = None
+sloppak_cache_dir = None
+audio_cache_dir = None
+
+# Injected callables (not values): server owns the impl + its state, routers call
+# through the seam. get_progression_content wraps a lazy content cache that stays
+# in server.py (its `setattr(server, "_progression_content")` test is untouched).
+get_progression_content = None
+builtin_diagnostic_filename = None
+
+_SLOTS = frozenset({
+    "meta_db", "audio_effect_mappings",
+    "config_dir", "dlc_dir", "dlc_dir_env",
+    "static_dir", "sloppak_cache_dir", "audio_cache_dir",
+    "get_progression_content", "builtin_diagnostic_filename",
+})
 
 
 def configure(**kwargs) -> None:

lib/dlc_paths.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+"""DLC library path resolution — where the song files live, plus safe containment.
+
+Extracted from ``server.py`` (R3). ``_resolve_dlc_path`` is pure and moved
+verbatim. ``_get_dlc_dir`` reads the env-derived paths through the ``appstate``
+seam (``server.py`` configures ``dlc_dir``/``dlc_dir_env``/``config_dir`` at
+import, fresh on every re-import), so this module does no import-time IO and the
+pop-and-reimport fixtures keep working. ``server.py`` re-exports both names, so
+existing ``server._get_dlc_dir`` / ``server._resolve_dlc_path`` references
+(tests, other handlers) resolve unchanged.
+"""
+
+import json
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import appstate
+
+
+def _get_dlc_dir(cfg: dict | None = None) -> Path | None:
+    # Only consider DLC_DIR if the env var was non-empty. `Path("")` collapses
+    # to `.` and reports `.is_dir() == True`, which would silently shadow the
+    # config.json fallback. Checking the raw env string preserves
+    # `DLC_DIR=.` as a valid opt-in for cwd while keeping unset/empty out.
+    if appstate.dlc_dir_env and appstate.dlc_dir.is_dir():
+        return appstate.dlc_dir
+    if cfg is None:
+        config_file = appstate.config_dir / "config.json"
+        if config_file.exists():
+            try:
+                cfg = json.loads(config_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+    if isinstance(cfg, dict):
+        raw = str(cfg.get("dlc_dir", "")).strip()
+        if raw:
+            p = Path(raw)
+            if p.is_dir():
+                return p
+    return None
+
+
+def _resolve_dlc_path(dlc: Path, filename: str) -> Path | None:
+    """Resolve `filename` under DLC_DIR and refuse anything that escapes.
+
+    `filename` arrives from `:path` route params and can contain `..`
+    segments. The Sloppak and archive paths happen to fail safely later
+    because their loaders raise on missing/invalid files, but loose-
+    folder format detection (`is_loose_song`) globs and parses XML on
+    disk first, which lets a crafted path trigger filesystem reads
+    outside DLC_DIR before any guard fires. Centralise the containment
+    check so every filename-bound handler validates before touching the
+    filesystem.
+
+    Containment here is LEXICAL (normalize `.`/`..` WITHOUT following
+    symlinks), not `safe_join`'s `.resolve()`-based check — because users
+    commonly mount their song library through a directory JUNCTION/symlink
+    (a library shared across app installs; the desktop app's own mounts).
+    `.resolve()` follows that junction to its real target, sees it sits
+    outside DLC_DIR, and wrongly rejects every song reached through it — the
+    scanner's `rglob` indexes those songs, but art/load then 403/404s (broken
+    covers, unplayable songs). Lexical normalization still rejects the only
+    escapes a `:path` filename can express — `..` traversal and absolute
+    paths — which the traversal tests pin. `safe_join` stays strict (it is
+    the zip-slip / plugin-asset guard, where following a symlink out IS the
+    defense); the loose-folder art handler keeps its own per-file symlink
+    re-check for defence-in-depth.
+
+    Returns the validated Path (not necessarily link-resolved), or None if
+    the filename is empty, contains a NUL, or escapes the DLC root.
+    """
+    if not filename:
+        return None
+    # Backslashes → forward slashes so a Windows-style `..\\x` traversal is
+    # rejected identically on POSIX (mirrors safe_join's normalisation).
+    safe = filename.replace("\\", "/")
+    if "\x00" in safe:
+        return None
+    # Reject drive-letter / absolute paths in BOTH conventions. A POSIX "/x" is
+    # caught by the containment check below (the `/` operator discards `root`),
+    # but a Windows drive-absolute "C:/x" is treated as a relative "C:" dir on
+    # POSIX and would otherwise slip in as `<root>/C:/x` — so the contract must
+    # hold cross-platform (a shared library is reached from either OS).
+    from pathlib import PurePosixPath, PureWindowsPath
+    if (PurePosixPath(safe).is_absolute()
+            or PureWindowsPath(safe).is_absolute()
+            or PureWindowsPath(safe).drive):
+        return None
+    try:
+        root = dlc.resolve()
+        # normpath collapses `.`/`..`/duplicate separators purely lexically —
+        # it never touches the filesystem, so an in-library junction component
+        # is preserved (allowed) while `..`/absolute segments still escape and
+        # get caught by the containment check below.
+        candidate = Path(os.path.normpath(root / safe))
+        if not candidate.is_relative_to(root):
+            return None
+    except (ValueError, OSError):
+        return None
+    return candidate

lib/reqfields.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+"""Request-field coercion helpers shared by the raw-`dict` POST handlers.
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3). Pure — no IO, no globals — so it
+imports cleanly from both ``server`` and any ``routers/`` module.
+"""
+
+
+def _clean_str(value) -> str:
+    """Trim a request field to a string; non-strings (or missing) → ''.
+    Lets the raw-`dict` POST handlers treat wrong-typed JSON (an int/list/etc.
+    where a string was expected) as "empty" and answer 400, instead of raising
+    AttributeError/TypeError → 500 on a later .strip()/`in`."""
+    return value.strip() if isinstance(value, str) else ""

lib/routers/chart.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""Chart-level endpoints — split/unsplit a chart from its work, resolve work
+membership, and the context-menu "Get info" file inspector.
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3); edits: ``@app`` -> ``@router``,
+``meta_db`` -> ``appstate.meta_db``. DLC path resolution comes from
+``dlc_paths``; sloppak/loose detection from the shared lib modules.
+"""
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException
+
+import appstate
+from dlc_paths import _get_dlc_dir, _resolve_dlc_path
+import sloppak as sloppak_mod
+import loosefolder as loosefolder_mod
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.post("/api/chart/{filename:path}/split")
+def api_split_chart(filename: str):
+    """'These aren't the same song' — split this chart out as its own singleton
+    work. Under /api/chart (NOT /api/song) so the DELETE /api/song/{path}
+    catch-all can't shadow it."""
+    key = appstate.meta_db._canonical_song_filename(filename)
+    appstate.meta_db.split_chart(key)
+    return {"ok": True, "filename": key}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/chart/{filename:path}/unsplit")
+def api_unsplit_chart(filename: str):
+    """Undo a split — rejoin the chart to its work."""
+    key = appstate.meta_db._canonical_song_filename(filename)
+    appstate.meta_db.unsplit_chart(key)
+    return {"ok": True, "filename": key}
+
+
+@router.get("/api/chart/{filename:path}/work")
+def api_get_chart_work(filename: str):
+    """Resolve a chart's work membership: {work_key, chart_count}. For openers
+    on rows that came from an ungrouped query (the tree view) — grouped grid
+    rows already carry both fields inline."""
+    return appstate.meta_db.chart_work(filename)
+
+
+@router.get("/api/chart/{filename:path}/fileinfo")
+def api_chart_fileinfo(filename: str):
+    """The context menu's "Get info": where the file lives + what the pack
+    contains. Under /api/chart — the GET /api/song/{path} catch-all would
+    swallow a /api/song/…/fileinfo suffix. Read-only; demo-mode blocks it
+    because it exposes filesystem paths."""
+    dlc = _get_dlc_dir()
+    if not dlc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="not configured")
+    p = _resolve_dlc_path(dlc, filename)
+    if p is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="forbidden")
+    if not p.exists():
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="not found")
+    # Restrict to actual charts — sloppak or loose song. Without this the route
+    # would stat ANY file the user happens to keep under DLC_DIR (e.g. notes),
+    # leaking its path/size; the app only recognises these two song formats.
+    is_pak = sloppak_mod.is_sloppak(p)
+    is_loose = loosefolder_mod.is_loose_song(p)
+    if not (is_pak or is_loose):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="not a chart")
+    st = p.stat()
+    info = {
+        "filename": filename,
+        "path": str(p),
+        "folder": str(p.parent),
+        "format": "sloppak" if is_pak else "loose",
+        # Directory-form songs report the tree's total (covers loose folders
+        # and dir-form paks); zip-form paks report the archive size. Symlinked
+        # entries are skipped so a link inside the folder can't pull in — or
+        # leak the size of — a file outside it.
+        "size": (st.st_size if p.is_file()
+                 else sum(f.stat().st_size for f in p.rglob("*")
+                          if f.is_file() and not f.is_symlink())),
+        "mtime": st.st_mtime,
+    }
+    if is_pak:
+        try:
+            m = sloppak_mod.load_manifest(p) or {}
+        except Exception:
+            m = {}
+        arrs = [str(a.get("name", a.get("id", ""))) for a in (m.get("arrangements") or [])
+                if isinstance(a, dict)]
+        stems = [str(s.get("id", "")) for s in (m.get("stems") or []) if isinstance(s, dict)]
+        try:
+            has_cover = sloppak_mod.read_cover_bytes(p, m) is not None
+        except Exception:
+            has_cover = False
+        # The optional identity/catalog keys, listed only when present — the
+        # Get-info panel's "what this pack carries vs what's missing" readout.
+        identity = {k: m.get(k) for k in
+                    ("mbid", "isrc", "genres", "track", "disc", "album_artist",
+                     "feedpak_version", "language")
+                    if m.get(k) not in (None, "", [])}
+        info["manifest"] = {
+            "title": str(m.get("title", "")), "artist": str(m.get("artist", "")),
+            "album": str(m.get("album", "")), "year": str(m.get("year", "") or ""),
+            "arrangements": arrs, "stems": stems,
+            "has_cover": has_cover, "has_lyrics": bool(m.get("lyrics")),
+            "authors": [a.get("name", "") if isinstance(a, dict) else str(a)
+                        for a in (m.get("authors") or [])],
+            "identity": identity,
+        }
+    # The enrichment verdict, so Get info can say "Matched (auto, 96%)" /
+    # "Pinned by you" / "Not matched" alongside the file facts.
+    row = appstate.meta_db.get_enrichment(filename)
+    if row:
+        info["match"] = {k: row.get(k) for k in
+                         ("match_state", "match_source", "match_score",
+                          "canon_artist", "canon_title", "canon_album", "canon_year")}
+    return info

lib/routers/library_extras.py

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+"""Small meta_db-backed library / user-state endpoints — work keeper-chart
+prefs, favorites, personal tags, saved-for-later, and continue-playing.
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3); edits: ``@app`` -> ``@router``,
+``meta_db`` -> ``appstate.meta_db``, ``_clean_str`` from ``reqfields``. All paths
+are distinct and non-overlapping, so mounting them together (rather than at each
+original scattered site) does not change routing.
+"""
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+
+import appstate
+from reqfields import _clean_str
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get("/api/work/{work_key:path}/charts")
+def api_get_work_charts(work_key: str):
+    """All charts in a work + which is the keeper (your pick vs auto-pick)."""
+    return appstate.meta_db.work_charts(work_key)
+
+
+@router.put("/api/work/{work_key:path}/preferred")
+def api_set_work_preferred(work_key: str, data: dict):
+    """Set the keeper chart of a work: body {filename}. The filename must be a
+    current member of the work. Returns the refreshed chart list."""
+    fn = (data.get("filename") or "").strip()
+    if not fn:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "filename is required"}, 400)
+    members = {c["filename"] for c in appstate.meta_db.work_charts(work_key)["charts"]}
+    if fn not in members:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "filename is not a chart of this work"}, 400)
+    appstate.meta_db.set_chart_preferred(work_key, fn)
+    return appstate.meta_db.work_charts(work_key)
+
+
+@router.delete("/api/work/{work_key:path}/preferred")
+def api_reset_work_preferred(work_key: str):
+    """Reset a work to auto-pick (drop the explicit preferred)."""
+    appstate.meta_db.clear_chart_preferred(work_key)
+    return appstate.meta_db.work_charts(work_key)
+
+
+@router.post("/api/favorites/toggle")
+def toggle_favorite(data: dict):
+    """Toggle a song's favorite status."""
+    filename = data.get("filename", "")
+    if not filename:
+        return {"error": "No filename"}
+    new_state = appstate.meta_db.toggle_favorite(filename)
+    return {"favorite": new_state}
+
+
+@router.get("/api/tags")
+def list_tags():
+    """All personal tags in use (over still-present songs), most-used first —
+    powers the tag filter UI."""
+    return {"tags": appstate.meta_db.all_tags()}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/saved/toggle")
+def api_toggle_saved(data: dict):
+    """Add/remove a song on the reserved Saved-for-Later playlist."""
+    filename = _clean_str(data.get("filename"))
+    if not filename:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "filename required"}, status_code=400)
+    return {"saved": appstate.meta_db.toggle_saved(filename)}
+
+
+@router.get("/api/session/continue")
+def api_session_continue():
+    """The Continue-Playing card's song (most recent play) or null."""
+    return appstate.meta_db.continue_session()

lib/routers/loops.py

@@ -15,10 +15,15 @@ router = APIRouter()
 
 @router.get("/api/loops")
 def list_loops(filename: str):
-    rows = appstate.meta_db.conn.execute(
-        "SELECT id, name, start_time, end_time FROM loops WHERE filename = ? ORDER BY start_time",
-        (filename,)
-    ).fetchall()
+    # Hold the DB lock for the read: the shared single connection
+    # (check_same_thread=False) is serialized through meta_db._lock by every
+    # writer, so an unlocked SELECT here can overlap a POST/DELETE commit.
+    db = appstate.meta_db
+    with db._lock:
+        rows = db.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT id, name, start_time, end_time FROM loops WHERE filename = ? ORDER BY start_time",
+            (filename,)
+        ).fetchall()
     return [{"id": r[0], "name": r[1], "start": r[2], "end": r[3]} for r in rows]
 
 
@@ -30,17 +35,20 @@ def save_loop(data: dict):
     end = data.get("end")
     if not filename or start is None or end is None:
         return {"error": "Missing fields"}
-    if not name:
-        count = appstate.meta_db.conn.execute(
-            "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM loops WHERE filename = ?", (filename,)
-        ).fetchone()[0]
-        name = f"Loop {count + 1}"
-    with appstate.meta_db._lock:
-        appstate.meta_db.conn.execute(
+    db = appstate.meta_db
+    with db._lock:
+        # COUNT + INSERT under one lock so two unnamed POSTs can't read the same
+        # count and both mint "Loop N" (the count is only used to name the row).
+        if not name:
+            count = db.conn.execute(
+                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM loops WHERE filename = ?", (filename,)
+            ).fetchone()[0]
+            name = f"Loop {count + 1}"
+        db.conn.execute(
             "INSERT INTO loops (filename, name, start_time, end_time) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)",
             (filename, name, float(start), float(end))
         )
-        appstate.meta_db.conn.commit()
+        db.conn.commit()
     return {"ok": True, "name": name}
 
 

lib/routers/playlists.py

@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+"""Playlists + custom playlist covers (fee[dB]ack v0.3.0).
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3). Edits: ``@app`` -> ``@router``,
+``meta_db`` -> ``appstate.meta_db``, ``CONFIG_DIR`` -> ``appstate.config_dir``
+(both read at call time through the seam), and ``_clean_str`` now imports from
+``reqfields``. See ``appstate.py``.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+import tempfile
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, JSONResponse
+
+import appstate
+from reqfields import _clean_str
+
+log = logging.getLogger("feedBack.server")
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+# Cache policy for the custom-cover file response: revalidate every time so a
+# replaced cover is never served stale (pairs with the mtime-ns URL token).
+_ART_CACHE_HEADERS = {"Cache-Control": "no-cache"}
+
+
+def _playlist_cover_path(pid) -> Path | None:
+    """Filesystem path of a playlist's optional custom cover image (PNG),
+    stored under CONFIG_DIR. Returns None for a non-integer id."""
+    try:
+        pid = int(pid)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return None
+    return appstate.config_dir / "playlist_covers" / f"{pid}.png"
+
+
+def _playlist_cover_url(pid) -> str | None:
+    cover = _playlist_cover_path(pid)
+    if not cover or not cover.exists():
+        return None
+    try:
+        # Nanosecond mtime so a same-second replace/remove/re-upload still
+        # changes the cache-bust token (int seconds could collide → stale image).
+        mt = cover.stat().st_mtime_ns
+    except OSError:
+        mt = 0
+    return f"/api/playlists/{pid}/cover?v={mt}"
+
+
+@router.get("/api/playlists")
+def api_list_playlists():
+    lists = appstate.meta_db.list_playlists()
+    for pl in lists:
+        pl["cover_url"] = _playlist_cover_url(pl["id"])
+    return lists
+
+
+@router.post("/api/playlists")
+def api_create_playlist(data: dict):
+    name = _clean_str(data.get("name"))
+    if not (1 <= len(name) <= 100):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "Playlist name must be 1–100 characters."}, status_code=400)
+    # kind='album' = a curated album (§7.2): hand-picked works, a chosen chart
+    # per slot, played front-to-back on the queue. Absent/None = a regular mix.
+    kind = _clean_str(data.get("kind")) or None
+    if kind not in (None, "album"):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "kind must be 'album' or omitted"}, status_code=400)
+    return appstate.meta_db.create_playlist(name, kind=kind)
+
+
+@router.get("/api/playlists/{pid}")
+def api_get_playlist(pid: int):
+    pl = appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+    if pl is None:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    pl["cover_url"] = _playlist_cover_url(pid)
+    return pl
+
+
+@router.patch("/api/playlists/{pid}")
+def api_rename_playlist(pid: int, data: dict):
+    pl = appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+    if pl is None:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    if pl["system_key"]:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "System playlists cannot be renamed."}, status_code=400)
+    name = _clean_str(data.get("name"))
+    if not (1 <= len(name) <= 100):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "Playlist name must be 1–100 characters."}, status_code=400)
+    appstate.meta_db.rename_playlist(pid, name)
+    return appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+
+
+@router.delete("/api/playlists/{pid}")
+def api_delete_playlist(pid: int):
+    pl = appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+    if pl is None:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    if pl["system_key"]:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "System playlists cannot be deleted."}, status_code=400)
+    if not appstate.meta_db.delete_playlist(pid):   # vanished under us (concurrent delete)
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    cover = _playlist_cover_path(pid)       # drop any custom cover with the playlist
+    if cover and cover.exists():
+        try:
+            cover.unlink()
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+    return {"ok": True}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/playlists/{pid}/songs")
+def api_add_playlist_song(pid: int, data: dict):
+    if appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid) is None:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    filename = _clean_str(data.get("filename"))
+    if not filename:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "filename required"}, status_code=400)
+    if appstate.meta_db.add_playlist_song(pid, filename) is None:   # playlist vanished under us
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    pl = appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+    return pl if pl is not None else JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+
+
+@router.patch("/api/playlists/{pid}/songs/{filename:path}")
+def api_update_playlist_slot(pid: int, filename: str, data: dict):
+    """Edit one curated-album slot: {"arrangement": name|null} pins/clears the
+    slot's arrangement; {"chart_filename": fn} swaps the slot to another chart
+    of the same work (position + pin kept). Albums only — a mix has no slots."""
+    pl = appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+    if pl is None:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    if pl.get("kind") != "album":
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "Slot editing is for albums."}, status_code=400)
+    kwargs = {}
+    if "chart_filename" in data:
+        new_fn = _clean_str(data.get("chart_filename"))
+        if not new_fn:
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "chart_filename must be a filename"}, status_code=400)
+        kwargs["new_filename"] = new_fn
+    if "arrangement" in data:
+        arr = data.get("arrangement")
+        if arr is not None and not (isinstance(arr, str) and 1 <= len(arr.strip()) <= 100):
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "arrangement must be a name or null"}, status_code=400)
+        kwargs["arrangement"] = arr.strip() if isinstance(arr, str) else None
+    if not kwargs:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "nothing to update"}, status_code=400)
+    if appstate.meta_db.update_playlist_slot(pid, filename, **kwargs) is None:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            {"error": "no such slot, or the chart isn't a version of this song"},
+            status_code=400)
+    return appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+
+
+@router.delete("/api/playlists/{pid}/songs/{filename:path}")
+def api_remove_playlist_song(pid: int, filename: str):
+    if appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid) is None:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    appstate.meta_db.remove_playlist_song(pid, filename)
+    pl = appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+    return pl if pl is not None else JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+
+
+@router.post("/api/playlists/{pid}/reorder")
+def api_reorder_playlist(pid: int, data: dict):
+    pl = appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+    if pl is None:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    order = data.get("order")
+    if not isinstance(order, list) or not all(isinstance(f, str) for f in order):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "order must be a list of filenames"}, status_code=400)
+    # Require an exact permutation of the playlist's current songs: a list with
+    # duplicates, omissions, or extras would otherwise produce duplicate
+    # positions / a partial reorder while still returning 200.
+    current = [s["filename"] for s in pl["songs"]]
+    if len(order) != len(current) or sorted(order) != sorted(current):
+        return JSONResponse(
+            {"error": "order must be a permutation of the playlist's current songs"},
+            status_code=400,
+        )
+    appstate.meta_db.reorder_playlist(pid, order)
+    return appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid)
+
+
+@router.post("/api/playlists/{pid}/cover")
+async def api_set_playlist_cover(pid: int, data: dict):
+    """Set a playlist's custom cover from a base64 / data-URL image (PNG/JPG).
+    Overrides the content-dependent (song-art) cover. Stored as a small PNG
+    thumbnail under CONFIG_DIR/playlist_covers/."""
+    if appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid) is None:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    import base64
+    import io
+    b64 = data.get("image", "")
+    # Guard the type before the `","` membership test — a non-string image
+    # (e.g. {"image": 123} / null) would otherwise raise TypeError → 500.
+    # Mirrors the avatar/song-art upload guard.
+    if not isinstance(b64, str) or not b64:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "No image data"}, status_code=400)
+    if "," in b64:
+        b64 = b64.split(",", 1)[1]
+    if not b64:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "No image data"}, status_code=400)
+    try:
+        img_data = base64.b64decode(b64)
+    except Exception:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "Invalid base64"}, status_code=400)
+    cover = _playlist_cover_path(pid)
+    cover.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    # Decode/validate the image — a bad payload is a CLIENT error (400), and the
+    # message stays generic so it can't echo internals.
+    try:
+        from PIL import Image
+        img = Image.open(io.BytesIO(img_data)).convert("RGB")
+        img.thumbnail((640, 640))                  # covers stay small
+    except Exception:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "Invalid image"}, status_code=400)
+    # Persist. A save/replace failure is a SERVER error (500, logged, no
+    # filesystem detail leaked) — the pre-split handler mislabeled these as 400
+    # and echoed the exception. A unique temp name in the cover dir (not a shared
+    # `{pid}.png.tmp`) means two concurrent uploads can't clobber each other's
+    # temp file; the atomic replace publishes. Re-check the playlist still exists
+    # just before publishing so a delete that raced the decode above can't leave
+    # an orphan cover — cheap belt-and-braces; FeedBack is single-user
+    # (Principle I), so a full per-playlist lock would be for a race the
+    # deployment model precludes.
+    tmp = None
+    try:
+        # mkstemp is inside the try too: an unwritable dir / full disk raises
+        # here, and that's the same class of persistence failure as save/replace.
+        fd, tmp_name = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix=f".{pid}.", suffix=".png.tmp", dir=str(cover.parent))
+        tmp = Path(tmp_name)
+        with os.fdopen(fd, "wb") as f:
+            img.save(f, "PNG")
+        if appstate.meta_db.get_playlist(pid) is None:
+            tmp.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+        tmp.replace(cover)
+    except Exception:
+        if tmp is not None:
+            tmp.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        log.exception("playlist cover save failed (pid=%s)", pid)
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "could not save cover"}, status_code=500)
+    return {"ok": True, "cover_url": _playlist_cover_url(pid)}
+
+
+@router.get("/api/playlists/{pid}/cover")
+def api_get_playlist_cover(pid: int):
+    cover = _playlist_cover_path(pid)
+    if not cover or not cover.exists():
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    # no-cache (revalidate) like song art, so a replaced cover is never served
+    # stale — pairs with the mtime-ns cache-bust token on the URL.
+    return FileResponse(str(cover), media_type="image/png", headers=_ART_CACHE_HEADERS)
+
+
+@router.delete("/api/playlists/{pid}/cover")
+def api_delete_playlist_cover(pid: int):
+    cover = _playlist_cover_path(pid)
+    if cover and cover.exists():
+        try:
+            cover.unlink()
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+    return {"ok": True}

lib/routers/profile.py

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+"""Player profile — identity, avatars (bundled + custom uploads), and progress.
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3); edits: ``@app`` -> ``@router``,
+``meta_db`` -> ``appstate.meta_db``, ``CONFIG_DIR``/``STATIC_DIR`` ->
+``appstate.config_dir``/``appstate.static_dir`` (seam), ``_clean_str`` from
+``reqfields``, ``_get_progression_content()`` ->
+``appstate.get_progression_content()``. The bundled-avatar lister moves with it.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import secrets
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, JSONResponse
+
+import appstate
+from reqfields import _clean_str
+
+log = logging.getLogger("feedBack.server")
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+def _list_bundled_avatars() -> list[str]:
+    """Bundled default avatar filenames under static/v3/avatars/."""
+    d = appstate.static_dir / "v3" / "avatars"
+    if not d.is_dir():
+        return []
+    exts = {".svg", ".png", ".webp"}
+    return sorted(
+        p.name for p in d.iterdir()
+        if p.is_file() and p.suffix.lower() in exts and not p.name.startswith(".")
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/api/profile")
+def api_get_profile():
+    profile = appstate.meta_db.get_profile()
+    # Equipped cosmetics ride along (resolved to their payloads) so the theme
+    # and avatar frame apply at boot without an extra request. Never let a
+    # cosmetics/content problem break the profile read.
+    cosmetics = {}
+    try:
+        shop = appstate.get_progression_content()["shop"]
+        for slot, item_id in appstate.meta_db.get_equipped().items():
+            item = shop.get(item_id)
+            if item:
+                cosmetics[slot] = {"item_id": item_id, "payload": item["payload"]}
+    except Exception:
+        log.warning("profile cosmetics enrich failed", exc_info=True)
+    profile["cosmetics"] = cosmetics
+    return profile
+
+
+
+@router.post("/api/profile")
+def api_set_profile(data: dict):
+    """Set/update the player profile. Body: {display_name, avatar:{type,value}}.
+    avatar.type is 'default' (value = bundled filename) or 'upload' (value =
+    the /api/profile/avatar/<name> URL returned by the upload endpoint); omit
+    avatar to keep the existing one (name-only edit)."""
+    name = _clean_str(data.get("display_name"))
+    if not (1 <= len(name) <= 32):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "Display name must be 1–32 characters."}, status_code=400)
+    avatar = data.get("avatar")
+    if avatar is None:
+        avatar = {}            # omitted → keep the current avatar (name-only edit)
+    elif not isinstance(avatar, dict):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "avatar must be an object."}, status_code=400)
+    atype = avatar.get("type")
+    aval = _clean_str(avatar.get("value"))
+    avatar_url = None
+    if atype == "default":
+        if aval not in _list_bundled_avatars():
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "Unknown default avatar."}, status_code=400)
+        avatar_url = f"/static/v3/avatars/{aval}"
+    elif atype == "upload":
+        from safepath import safe_join
+        fname = aval.rsplit("/", 1)[-1] if aval.startswith("/api/profile/avatar/") else ""
+        target = safe_join(appstate.config_dir / "avatars", fname) if fname else None
+        if target is None or not target.is_file():
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "Uploaded avatar not found."}, status_code=400)
+        avatar_url = f"/api/profile/avatar/{fname}"
+    elif atype:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "Unknown avatar type."}, status_code=400)
+    # atype None/missing → keep the current avatar (name-only edit).
+    return appstate.meta_db.set_profile(name, avatar_url)
+
+
+@router.get("/api/profile/avatars")
+def api_list_avatars():
+    return [{"name": n, "url": f"/static/v3/avatars/{n}"} for n in _list_bundled_avatars()]
+
+
+@router.post("/api/profile/avatar")
+def api_upload_avatar(data: dict):
+    """Upload a custom avatar as base64 (mirrors the album-art upload pattern).
+    Re-encodes to a ≤512px PNG under appstate.config_dir/avatars/."""
+    import base64
+    import io
+    b64 = data.get("image", "")
+    if not isinstance(b64, str) or not b64:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "No image data"}, status_code=400)
+    if "," in b64:
+        b64 = b64.split(",", 1)[1]
+    try:
+        raw = base64.b64decode(b64)
+    except Exception:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "Invalid base64"}, status_code=400)
+    if len(raw) > 6 * 1024 * 1024:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "Image too large (max 6 MB)."}, status_code=400)
+    avatars_dir = appstate.config_dir / "avatars"
+    avatars_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    try:
+        from PIL import Image
+        img = Image.open(io.BytesIO(raw)).convert("RGB")
+        img.thumbnail((512, 512))
+        fname = f"upload-{secrets.token_hex(4)}.png"  # token busts caches on change
+        img.save(str(avatars_dir / fname), "PNG")
+    except Exception as e:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": f"Invalid image: {e}"}, status_code=400)
+    return {"url": f"/api/profile/avatar/{fname}"}
+
+
+@router.get("/api/profile/avatar/{name}")
+def api_get_avatar(name: str):
+    from safepath import safe_join
+    target = safe_join(appstate.config_dir / "avatars", name)
+    if target is None or not target.is_file():
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "not found"}, status_code=404)
+    return FileResponse(str(target), media_type="image/png")
+
+
+@router.get("/api/profile/progress")
+def api_profile_progress():
+    """One call for the whole profile badge: {level, xp, xp_in_level,
+    xp_to_next, current_streak, best_streak, last_active_date}."""
+    return appstate.meta_db.get_progress()

lib/routers/progression.py

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+"""Progression (spec 010) — mastery rank, challenges, quests, onboarding paths.
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3); edits: ``@app`` -> ``@router``,
+``meta_db`` -> ``appstate.meta_db``, ``_clean_str`` from ``reqfields``, and the
+two shared server accessors read through the seam:
+``_get_progression_content()`` -> ``appstate.get_progression_content()`` and
+``_builtin_diagnostic_filename()`` -> ``appstate.builtin_diagnostic_filename()``.
+The exclusive helpers (_goal_ui_progress, _progression_overview) + the
+_PROGRESSION_EVENT_TYPES whitelist move with it.
+"""
+
+import math
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+
+import appstate
+from reqfields import _clean_str
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+def _goal_ui_progress(goal: dict, state: dict, streak: int, xp_total: int) -> tuple:
+    """(count, target) for a challenge/quest progress bar. Count goals show
+    n/target; threshold goals show how far the live stat is along the line."""
+    import progression as progression_mod
+    gtype = goal.get("type")
+    if gtype in progression_mod.COUNT_GOAL_TYPES:
+        target = int(goal.get("target") or 1)
+        count = target if state.get("completed") else min(int(state.get("count") or 0), target)
+        return count, target
+    if gtype == "streak_reached":
+        target = int(goal.get("days") or 1)
+        return (target if state.get("completed") else min(streak, target)), target
+    if gtype == "db_earned":
+        target = int(goal.get("amount") or 1)
+        return (target if state.get("completed") else min(xp_total, target)), target
+    return 0, 1
+
+
+def _progression_overview() -> dict:
+    """The full GET /api/progression payload (also the capability `inspect`
+    result): rank, onboarding, per-path challenge checklists, quests, wallet."""
+    import progression as progression_mod
+    from datetime import datetime as _dt
+    content = appstate.get_progression_content()
+    now = _dt.now()
+    appstate.meta_db.ensure_quest_period(content, now)
+
+    state = appstate.meta_db.get_progression_state()
+    player_paths = appstate.meta_db.get_player_paths()
+    challenge_state = appstate.meta_db.get_challenge_state()
+    wallet = appstate.meta_db.get_wallet()
+    streak_progress = appstate.meta_db.get_progress()
+    streak = int(streak_progress.get("current_streak") or 0)
+    xp_total = wallet["lifetime_db"]
+    keys = progression_mod.period_keys(now)
+
+    def _path_order(pid):
+        pdef = content["paths"].get(pid) or {}
+        return (pdef.get("order") or 0, pid)
+
+    paths_payload = []
+    for pid in sorted(player_paths, key=_path_order):
+        pdef = content["paths"].get(pid)
+        level = player_paths[pid]
+        if not pdef:
+            # Path selected under older content that no longer ships: keep its
+            # rank contribution visible rather than silently dropping it.
+            paths_payload.append({"id": pid, "name": pid, "icon": "", "level": level,
+                                  "max_level": level, "next": None})
+            continue
+        next_block = None
+        active = progression_mod.active_challenges(content, pid, level)
+        if active:
+            level_def = next(e for e in pdef["levels"] if e["level"] == level + 1)
+            challenges = []
+            completed_count = 0
+            for ch in active:
+                st = challenge_state.get(ch["id"]) or {}
+                count, target = _goal_ui_progress(ch["goal"], st, streak, xp_total)
+                if st.get("completed"):
+                    completed_count += 1
+                challenges.append({
+                    "id": ch["id"],
+                    "title": ch["title"],
+                    "description": ch["description"],
+                    "count": count,
+                    "target": target,
+                    "completed": bool(st.get("completed")),
+                    "completed_at": st.get("completed_at"),
+                })
+            next_block = {
+                "level": level + 1,
+                "required": level_def["required"],
+                "completed": completed_count,
+                "challenges": challenges,
+            }
+        paths_payload.append({
+            "id": pid,
+            "name": pdef["name"],
+            "icon": pdef["icon"],
+            "level": level,
+            "max_level": progression_mod.path_max_level(content, pid),
+            "next": next_block,
+        })
+
+    available = [
+        {"id": pid, "name": pdef["name"], "icon": pdef["icon"]}
+        for pid, pdef in sorted(content["paths"].items(), key=lambda kv: (kv[1].get("order") or 0, kv[0]))
+        if pid not in player_paths
+    ]
+
+    quest_rows = appstate.meta_db.get_quest_rows(keys)
+    quests_payload = {}
+    for period_type in ("daily", "weekly"):
+        pool = content["quests"][period_type]["pool"]
+        quests = []
+        for row in quest_rows:
+            if row["period_type"] != period_type:
+                continue
+            qdef = pool.get(row["quest_id"])
+            if not qdef:
+                continue  # removed from the pool mid-period: hide, keep the row
+            count, target = _goal_ui_progress(qdef["goal"], row, streak, xp_total)
+            quests.append({
+                "id": row["quest_id"],
+                "title": qdef["title"],
+                "description": qdef["description"],
+                "reward_db": row["reward_db"],
+                "count": count,
+                "target": target,
+                "completed": row["completed"],
+                "completed_at": row["completed_at"],
+            })
+        quests_payload[period_type] = {
+            "period_key": keys[period_type],
+            "resets_at": progression_mod.period_resets_at(period_type, now).isoformat(),
+            "quests": quests,
+        }
+
+    return {
+        "mastery_rank": progression_mod.mastery_rank(state["calibration_status"], player_paths),
+        "onboarding": {
+            "calibration_status": state["calibration_status"],
+            "calibration_completed_at": state["calibration_completed_at"],
+            "diagnostic_filename": appstate.builtin_diagnostic_filename(),
+        },
+        "paths": paths_payload,
+        "available_paths": available,
+        "quests": quests_payload,
+        "wallet": wallet,
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/api/progression")
+def api_progression():
+    return _progression_overview()
+
+
+@router.post("/api/progression/paths")
+def api_progression_add_paths(data: dict):
+    """Select instrument paths. Body: {add: [path_id, ...]}. Idempotent;
+    removal is unsupported (Mastery Rank never decreases)."""
+    add = data.get("add")
+    if not isinstance(add, list) or not add:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "add must be a non-empty list of path ids"}, status_code=400)
+    content = appstate.get_progression_content()
+    for pid in add:
+        if not isinstance(pid, str) or pid not in content["paths"]:
+            return JSONResponse({"error": f"unknown path: {pid!r}"}, status_code=400)
+    appstate.meta_db.add_player_paths(add)
+    return _progression_overview()
+
+
+@router.post("/api/progression/onboarding")
+def api_progression_onboarding(data: dict):
+    """Onboarding calibration choice. Body: {action: "skip"} — completing the
+    calibration needs no endpoint, it flows through the normal /api/stats path."""
+    if _clean_str(data.get("action")) != "skip":
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "action must be 'skip'"}, status_code=400)
+    # Spec invariant: onboarding requires picking at least one instrument path
+    # before finishing, so skipping straight to rank 1 with no paths would
+    # leave a rank that can never grow. Only enforced when the content bundle
+    # actually defines paths — broken/empty content must never brick onboarding.
+    if appstate.get_progression_content()["paths"] and not appstate.meta_db.get_player_paths():
+        return JSONResponse(
+            {"error": "select at least one instrument path before skipping calibration"},
+            status_code=400,
+        )
+    appstate.meta_db.skip_calibration()
+    return _progression_overview()
+
+
+# Externally postable progression events. song_completed is deliberately NOT
+# here: it is server-derived inside /api/stats so the scored-session authority
+# stays in one place.
+_PROGRESSION_EVENT_TYPES = {"minigame_run"}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/progression/events")
+def api_progression_events(data: dict):
+    """Generic progression-event intake for plugins (capability `record-event`).
+    Body: {type, payload}. Whitelisted types, scalar payload values only."""
+    etype = _clean_str(data.get("type"))
+    if etype not in _PROGRESSION_EVENT_TYPES:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            {"error": f"event type must be one of {sorted(_PROGRESSION_EVENT_TYPES)}"},
+            status_code=400,
+        )
+    payload = data.get("payload")
+    if payload is None:
+        payload = {}
+    if not isinstance(payload, dict) or len(payload) > 16:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "payload must be a small object"}, status_code=400)
+    clean = {}
+    for key, value in payload.items():
+        if not isinstance(key, str) or len(key) > 64:
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "payload keys must be short strings"}, status_code=400)
+        if value is None:
+            continue
+        if isinstance(value, bool) or (
+            not isinstance(value, (int, float, str))
+        ) or (isinstance(value, float) and not math.isfinite(value)) or (
+            isinstance(value, str) and len(value) > 256
+        ):
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "payload values must be short strings or finite numbers"}, status_code=400)
+        clean[key] = value
+    summary = appstate.meta_db.record_progression_event(etype, clean, appstate.get_progression_content())
+    return {"ok": True, "progression": summary}

lib/routers/shop.py

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+"""Cosmetics shop (spec 010) — buy/equip avatars & themes with earned currency.
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3); edits: ``@app`` -> ``@router``,
+``meta_db`` -> ``appstate.meta_db``, ``_get_progression_content()`` ->
+``appstate.get_progression_content()`` (the accessor is injected into the seam;
+its lazy content cache stays in server.py).
+"""
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+
+import appstate
+from reqfields import _clean_str
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get("/api/shop")
+def api_shop():
+    content = appstate.get_progression_content()
+    owned = appstate.meta_db.get_owned_items()
+    equipped = appstate.meta_db.get_equipped()
+    items = [
+        {**item, "owned": iid in owned, "equipped": equipped.get(item["slot"]) == iid}
+        for iid, item in sorted(content["shop"].items())
+    ]
+    return {"items": items, "wallet": appstate.meta_db.get_wallet()}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/shop/buy")
+def api_shop_buy(data: dict):
+    """Spend Decibels on a cosmetic. Atomic: balance check + spend + ownership
+    in one transaction. Decibels are earned by playing only — never purchasable."""
+    item_id = _clean_str(data.get("item_id"))
+    item = appstate.get_progression_content()["shop"].get(item_id)
+    if not item:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": f"unknown item: {item_id!r}"}, status_code=400)
+    status, wallet = appstate.meta_db.buy_shop_item(item)
+    if status == "owned":
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "already owned", "wallet": wallet}, status_code=409)
+    if status == "insufficient":
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "insufficient balance", "wallet": wallet}, status_code=402)
+    return {"ok": True, "item_id": item_id, "wallet": wallet}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/shop/equip")
+def api_shop_equip(data: dict):
+    """Equip an owned cosmetic into its slot. Body: {slot, item_id|null}
+    (null unequips, restoring the default look)."""
+    import progression as progression_mod
+    slot = _clean_str(data.get("slot"))
+    if slot not in progression_mod.SHOP_SLOTS:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": f"slot must be one of {sorted(progression_mod.SHOP_SLOTS)}"}, status_code=400)
+    item_id = data.get("item_id")
+    if item_id is not None:
+        item_id = _clean_str(item_id)
+        item = appstate.get_progression_content()["shop"].get(item_id)
+        if not item or item["slot"] != slot:
+            return JSONResponse({"error": f"unknown item for slot {slot}: {item_id!r}"}, status_code=400)
+        if item_id not in appstate.meta_db.get_owned_items():
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "item not owned"}, status_code=403)
+    return {"ok": True, "equipped": appstate.meta_db.equip_item(slot, item_id)}

lib/routers/stats.py

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+"""Gameplay scoring — XP award + per-song practice stats (record / recent / best /
+top / per-song). The `/api/stats/{filename:path}` route is registered LAST so its
+catch-all doesn't shadow the fixed /recent /best /top paths.
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3); edits: ``@app`` -> ``@router``,
+``meta_db`` -> ``appstate.meta_db``, ``_get_progression_content()`` /
+``_builtin_diagnostic_filename()`` read through the seam.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import math
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+
+import appstate
+from metadata_db import _as_int
+from reqfields import _clean_str
+
+log = logging.getLogger("feedBack.server")
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.post("/api/xp/award")
+def api_award_xp(data: dict):
+    """Award XP into the unified store. Body: {source, amount}. Returns the
+    new progress payload. The single XP authority — song-play, minigames, and
+    tutorials all feed this (no second curve)."""
+    try:
+        amount = _as_int(data.get("amount", 0))   # rejects bool / non-integral / inf
+    except (TypeError, ValueError, OverflowError):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "amount must be an integer"}, status_code=400)
+    # Upper-bound it: an unbounded value overflows SQLite's 64-bit INTEGER on
+    # bind (→ 500) and no real run awards anywhere near this.
+    if not (0 <= amount <= 10_000_000):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "amount must be between 0 and 10,000,000"}, status_code=400)
+    appstate.meta_db.award_xp(amount)
+    return appstate.meta_db.get_progress()
+
+
+@router.post("/api/stats")
+def api_record_stats(data: dict):
+    """Record a play. With `score`+`accuracy` → a scored session (plays += 1,
+    best_* = max, last_* = new) plus unified-XP + streak side-effects. With
+    only `lastPlayPosition`/`last_position` → a lightweight resume-position
+    touch (no plays change) so Continue-Playing works for non-scored plays."""
+    filename = _clean_str(data.get("filename"))
+    if not filename:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "filename required"}, status_code=400)
+    # The recorder hands us URL-encoded filenames; canonicalize to the library
+    # key so stored rows line up with `songs` (and so the arrangement-count bound
+    # below resolves the real song). See MetadataDB._canonical_song_filename.
+    filename = appstate.meta_db._canonical_song_filename(filename)
+    arr_raw = data.get("arrangement", 0)
+    if arr_raw is None:
+        arrangement = 0
+    else:
+        try:
+            arrangement = _as_int(arr_raw)   # rejects bool / non-integral (1.9) / inf
+        except (TypeError, ValueError, OverflowError):
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "arrangement must be a non-negative integer"}, status_code=400)
+    # Reject (don't silently coerce to 0) so a malformed/out-of-range index
+    # can't corrupt arrangement 0's stats; also keeps it bindable to INTEGER.
+    if not (0 <= arrangement < 2**63):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "arrangement must be a non-negative integer"}, status_code=400)
+    # Bound against the song's real arrangement count when it's a known library
+    # song, so a bad index can't create fake arrangement buckets that poison the
+    # per-song aggregate / Continue. Skipped when the song isn't in the library
+    # yet (count unknown — dead-song reads are filtered anyway).
+    _acount = appstate.meta_db.arrangement_count(filename)
+    if _acount and arrangement >= _acount:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "arrangement out of range for this song"}, status_code=400)
+    score = data.get("score")
+    accuracy = data.get("accuracy")
+    last_pos = data.get("lastPlayPosition", data.get("last_position"))
+    if isinstance(last_pos, bool):   # float(False)=0.0 would otherwise store a bogus position
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "lastPlayPosition must be a finite number"}, status_code=400)
+
+    # A scored session needs BOTH score and accuracy. Exactly one provided is
+    # ambiguous — don't silently fall through to the position-only branch.
+    if (score is None) != (accuracy is None):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "score and accuracy must be provided together"}, status_code=400)
+
+    if score is not None and accuracy is not None:
+        # Reject booleans explicitly — float(True) would otherwise record a play.
+        if isinstance(score, bool) or isinstance(accuracy, bool):
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "score/accuracy must be finite numbers"}, status_code=400)
+        # Reject NaN/Inf too: round(inf) raises OverflowError (→ 500), and a
+        # stored Inf/NaN later breaks JSON serialization of /api/stats reads.
+        try:
+            score = float(score)
+            accuracy = float(accuracy)
+            if not (math.isfinite(score) and math.isfinite(accuracy)):
+                raise ValueError("non-finite")
+            score = int(round(score))
+        except (TypeError, ValueError, OverflowError):
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "score/accuracy must be finite numbers"}, status_code=400)
+        # A huge-but-finite score passes isfinite() yet overflows SQLite's
+        # 64-bit INTEGER on bind (→ 500). Bound it to the int64 range.
+        if not (0 <= score < 2**63):
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "score out of range"}, status_code=400)
+        # accuracy is a 0..1 fraction (the recorder's contract); reject
+        # out-of-range values so they don't surface as >100% / negative in
+        # /api/stats/best and the badge UI.
+        if not (0 <= accuracy <= 1):
+            return JSONResponse({"error": "accuracy must be between 0 and 1"}, status_code=400)
+        # Validate the optional resume position in this branch too (the
+        # position-only branch below already rejects non-finite).
+        if last_pos is not None:
+            try:
+                last_pos = float(last_pos)
+                if not math.isfinite(last_pos):
+                    raise ValueError("non-finite")
+            except (TypeError, ValueError, OverflowError):
+                return JSONResponse({"error": "lastPlayPosition must be a finite number"}, status_code=400)
+        row = appstate.meta_db.record_session(filename, arrangement, score=score,
+                                     accuracy=accuracy, last_position=last_pos)
+        # Unified XP + streak side-effects — never let these drop the stat write.
+        progress = None
+        try:
+            from xp import xp_for_run
+            from datetime import date
+            appstate.meta_db.award_xp(xp_for_run(score))
+            appstate.meta_db.record_active_day(date.today().isoformat())
+            progress = appstate.meta_db.get_progress()
+        except Exception:
+            log.warning("stats side-effects (xp/streak) failed", exc_info=True)
+        # Progression engine (spec 010) — same never-drop-the-stat-write
+        # contract. Scored sessions are the server-derived `song_completed`
+        # authority (scored == note detection by construction); instrument is
+        # resolved from library arrangement metadata, after the XP award so
+        # db_earned goals see this run's Decibels.
+        progression_summary = None
+        try:
+            import progression as progression_mod
+            instrument = progression_mod.instrument_for_arrangement(
+                appstate.meta_db.arrangement_entry(filename, arrangement)
+            )
+            progression_summary = appstate.meta_db.record_progression_event(
+                "song_completed",
+                {
+                    "filename": filename,
+                    "instrument": instrument,
+                    "accuracy": accuracy,
+                    "score": score,
+                    "is_diagnostic": filename == appstate.builtin_diagnostic_filename(),
+                },
+                appstate.get_progression_content(),
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            log.warning("stats side-effects (progression) failed", exc_info=True)
+        return {"stats": row, "progress": progress, "progression": progression_summary}
+
+    # Position-only touch.
+    if last_pos is None:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            {"error": "provide score+accuracy (scored) or lastPlayPosition (resume)"},
+            status_code=400,
+        )
+    try:
+        pos = float(last_pos)
+        if not math.isfinite(pos):
+            raise ValueError("non-finite")
+        row = appstate.meta_db.touch_position(filename, arrangement, pos)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError, OverflowError):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "lastPlayPosition must be a finite number"}, status_code=400)
+    # A resume session still counts as playing today: advance the streak (no XP —
+    # that's scoring-only) so a non-scored practice day keeps the streak alive,
+    # consistent with these sessions also surfacing in recent / continue.
+    progress = None
+    try:
+        from datetime import date
+        appstate.meta_db.record_active_day(date.today().isoformat())
+        progress = appstate.meta_db.get_progress()
+    except Exception:
+        log.warning("stats side-effects (streak) failed", exc_info=True)
+    return {"stats": row, "progress": progress}
+
+
+@router.get("/api/stats/recent")
+def api_recent_stats(limit: int = 12):
+    """Recently-played rows joined to song metadata for 'Jump back in'."""
+    from urllib.parse import quote
+    out = []
+    for r in appstate.meta_db.recent_stats(limit):
+        meta = appstate.meta_db.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT title, artist, tuning_name FROM songs WHERE filename = ?",
+            (r["filename"],),
+        ).fetchone()
+        title, artist, tuning_name = meta if meta else (None, None, None)
+        out.append({
+            **r,
+            "title": title or r["filename"],
+            "artist": artist or "",
+            "tuning_name": tuning_name or "",
+            "art_url": f"/api/song/{quote(r['filename'])}/art",
+        })
+    return out
+
+
+@router.get("/api/stats/best")
+def api_stats_best():
+    """{filename: best_accuracy} for all songs with a recorded best — one call
+    to badge the library grid (defined before the {filename} catch-all)."""
+    return appstate.meta_db.best_accuracy_map()
+
+
+@router.get("/api/stats/top")
+def api_top_stats(limit: int = 5):
+    """Top scored songs (best first), joined to song metadata, for the profile
+    'Your best scores' panel (defined before the {filename} catch-all)."""
+    from urllib.parse import quote
+    out = []
+    for r in appstate.meta_db.top_stats(limit):
+        meta = appstate.meta_db.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT title, artist, tuning_name FROM songs WHERE filename = ?",
+            (r["filename"],),
+        ).fetchone()
+        title, artist, tuning_name = meta if meta else (None, None, None)
+        out.append({
+            **r,
+            "title": title or r["filename"],
+            "artist": artist or "",
+            "tuning_name": tuning_name or "",
+            "art_url": f"/api/song/{quote(r['filename'])}/art",
+        })
+    return out
+
+
+@router.get("/api/stats/{filename:path}")
+def api_song_stats(filename: str):
+    return appstate.meta_db.get_song_stats(filename)

lib/routers/version.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+"""App version + source/license URLs (/api/version).
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3) except the decorator (``@app`` ->
+``@router``) and the VERSION-file lookup: ``Path(__file__).parent`` (app root
+when this lived at the top level) -> ``Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]``
+(routers -> lib -> app root). VERSION ships at the app root in every packaging
+path (Dockerfile COPY, desktop bundle).
+"""
+
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+def _safe_http_url(raw):
+    """Return `raw` stripped + trailing-slash-stripped if it parses as an
+    http(s) URL with a non-empty host; else None.
+
+    Used to validate operator-supplied `APP_SOURCE_URL` / `APP_LICENSE_URL`
+    env vars before they reach `<a href>` in the UI. A bare prefix check
+    like `startswith(("http://","https://"))` accepts malformed inputs
+    such as `"https://"` (no host) or `"https:///foo"` (empty host) that
+    still produce broken hrefs — and, when used as a base for the default
+    `license_url`, garbage like `"https:///blob/main/LICENSE"`.
+    """
+    from urllib.parse import urlsplit
+    if not raw:
+        return None
+    s = raw.strip().rstrip("/")
+    if not s:
+        return None
+    try:
+        parsed = urlsplit(s)
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+    if parsed.scheme.lower() not in ("http", "https"):
+        return None
+    # `netloc` includes any `user:pass@` and `:port` — strings like
+    # "http://:80/path" have non-empty netloc (":80") but no real
+    # hostname. Validate `hostname` so only URLs with an actual host
+    # are accepted.
+    if not parsed.hostname:
+        return None
+    return s
+
+
+@router.get("/api/version")
+def get_version():
+    env_version = os.environ.get("APP_VERSION", "").strip()
+    if env_version:
+        version = env_version
+    else:
+        version_file = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2] / "VERSION"  # R3: app root from lib/routers/
+        version = "unknown"
+        if version_file.exists():
+            try:
+                version = version_file.read_text().strip()
+            except (OSError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+                pass
+    default_source_url = "https://github.com/got-feedback/feedBack"
+    # APP_SOURCE_URL / APP_LICENSE_URL flow straight into <a href> in the UI,
+    # so validate with urllib.parse rather than a bare prefix check — a prefix
+    # check accepts malformed values like "https://" (no host) which produce
+    # broken hrefs (and a constructed license_url like "https:///blob/main/LICENSE").
+    # _safe_http_url requires scheme in {http,https} AND a non-empty hostname
+    # (not just netloc — that would still accept port-only authorities like
+    # "http://:80/path"); fall back to the safe default otherwise.
+    source_url = _safe_http_url(os.environ.get("APP_SOURCE_URL")) or default_source_url
+    # APP_LICENSE_URL: explicit override for the LICENSE link. The default
+    # constructed value (source_url + "/blob/main/LICENSE") is GitHub-
+    # specific and assumes the repo's default branch is `main`; non-GitHub
+    # hosts (GitLab, Gitea, self-hosted) need an explicit value.
+    license_url = _safe_http_url(os.environ.get("APP_LICENSE_URL")) or (source_url + "/blob/main/LICENSE")
+    return {
+        "version": version,
+        "source_url": source_url,
+        "license_url": license_url,
+    }

lib/routers/wanted.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""Wishlist / "wanted" API (feedBack#636) — songs the user wants but doesn't own.
+
+Extracted verbatim from ``server.py`` (R3); edits: ``@app`` -> ``@router``,
+``meta_db`` -> ``appstate.meta_db``, ``_clean_str`` from ``reqfields``.
+"""
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+
+import appstate
+from reqfields import _clean_str
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get("/api/wanted")
+def api_list_wanted():
+    """The wishlist — songs the user wants but doesn't own yet (newest first)."""
+    return {"wanted": appstate.meta_db.list_wanted()}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/wanted")
+def api_add_wanted(data: dict):
+    """Add a not-owned song to the wishlist. `artist`/`title` are required (at
+    least one non-empty); `source`/`source_ref`/`note` are optional. Idempotent
+    on identity so producers (find_more ownership-diff, manual add) can re-post."""
+    if not isinstance(data, dict):
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "body must be an object"}, status_code=400)
+    artist = _clean_str(data.get("artist"))
+    title = _clean_str(data.get("title"))
+    if not artist and not title:
+        return JSONResponse({"error": "artist or title required"}, status_code=400)
+    row = appstate.meta_db.add_wanted(
+        artist=artist, title=title,
+        source=_clean_str(data.get("source")) or "manual",
+        source_ref=_clean_str(data.get("source_ref")),
+        note=_clean_str(data.get("note")),
+    )
+    return {"ok": True, "wanted": row}
+
+
+@router.delete("/api/wanted/{wanted_id}")
+def api_remove_wanted(wanted_id: int):
+    """Remove a wishlist entry by id."""
+    return {"ok": appstate.meta_db.remove_wanted(wanted_id)}

scripts/perf-baseline.mjs

@@ -6,6 +6,16 @@
 //
 // Usage:
 //   node scripts/perf-baseline.mjs --base http://127.0.0.1:8000 [--n 60] [--soak 30]
+//   node scripts/perf-baseline.mjs --base http://127.0.0.1:8300 --song "Arcturus ….feedpak"
+//
+// With --song, it additionally measures the 2D highway's PER-FRAME DRAW cost:
+// it wraps requestAnimationFrame before any page script runs, tags the frames
+// in which the highway actually painted (via highway.addDrawHook), starts
+// playback, and reports draw-frame p50/p95/p99 over --frames seconds. Tagging
+// matters — roughly half the rAF callbacks belong to other cheap loops, and
+// averaging them in hides a renderer regression behind ~0.1 ms no-op frames.
+// This is the metric that gates the highway.js split (R3c); run it before AND
+// after each highway change on the same machine.
 //
 // Maintainer/CI-only dev tooling (uses the committed @playwright/test browser);
 // never part of the serve or Docker path. Metrics that need a seeded library
@@ -21,6 +31,9 @@ for (let i = 2; i < process.argv.length; i += 2) args.set(process.argv[i].replac
 const BASE = args.get('base') || 'http://127.0.0.1:8000';
 const N = parseInt(args.get('n') || '60', 10);
 const SOAK_S = parseInt(args.get('soak') || '30', 10);
+const SONG = args.get('song') || null;
+const FRAME_S = parseInt(args.get('frames') || '10', 10);
+const RUNS = parseInt(args.get('runs') || '3', 10);   // repeat frame sampling to show spread
 
 const pct = (xs, p) => {
     if (!xs.length) return null;
@@ -69,6 +82,64 @@ async function clientMetrics() {
     return { bootMs, memStartMB: mem0 && mem0 / 1048576, memSoakMB: mem1 && mem1 / 1048576, scripts };
 }
 
+// ── 2D highway per-frame draw cost (needs --song + a seeded library) ──────────
+async function frameTimeOnce(browser) {
+    const page = await browser.newPage();
+    let f, t2, notes;
+    try {
+        // Wrap rAF before any page script; mark frames the highway actually drew.
+        await page.addInitScript(() => {
+            window.__f = [];
+            window.__drew = false;
+            const raf = window.requestAnimationFrame.bind(window);
+            window.requestAnimationFrame = (cb) => raf((t) => {
+                window.__drew = false;
+                const t0 = performance.now();
+                try { cb(t); } finally { window.__f.push({ ms: performance.now() - t0, drew: window.__drew }); }
+            });
+        });
+        await page.goto(BASE, { waitUntil: 'networkidle', timeout: 60000 });
+        await page.evaluate(() => document.getElementById('v3-onboarding')?.remove());
+        await page.evaluate((s) => window.playSong(s), SONG);
+        await page.waitForFunction(() => (window.highway?.getNotes?.() || []).length >= 0 && window.highway?.getSongInfo?.(),
+            null, { timeout: 45000 }).catch(() => {});
+        await page.waitForFunction(() => (window.highway?.getNotes?.() || []).length > 0, null, { timeout: 45000 });
+        await page.evaluate(() => window.highway.addDrawHook(() => { window.__drew = true; }));
+        // Start playback so draw() leaves its paused-throttle path; confirm the clock advances.
+        await page.evaluate(async () => { const a = window.highway.getAudioElement?.(); if (a) a.muted = true; await a?.play?.(); });
+        await page.waitForTimeout(1500);
+        const t1 = await page.evaluate(() => window.highway.getTime());
+        await page.evaluate(() => { window.__f.length = 0; });
+        await page.waitForTimeout(FRAME_S * 1000);
+        ({ f, t2, notes } = await page.evaluate(() => ({
+            f: window.__f.slice(), t2: window.highway.getTime(), notes: window.highway.getNotes().length,
+        })));
+        if (!(t2 > t1 + 1)) throw new Error(`clock did not advance (${t1}→${t2}) — measured the paused path`);
+    } finally {
+        // Always close, even when an await above throws — otherwise a failing
+        // run leaks its page until the final browser.close().
+        await page.close();
+    }
+    const drew = f.filter((x) => x.drew).map((x) => x.ms);
+    return { drew, total: f.length, notes };
+}
+
+async function frameTime() {
+    const browser = await chromium.launch({ args: ['--autoplay-policy=no-user-gesture-required'] });
+    const rows = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < RUNS; i++) {
+        try {
+            const r = await frameTimeOnce(browser);
+            rows.push({
+                p50: pct(r.drew, 50), p95: pct(r.drew, 95), p99: pct(r.drew, 99),
+                max: Math.max(...r.drew), n: r.drew.length, total: r.total, notes: r.notes,
+            });
+        } catch (e) { rows.push({ error: String(e.message || e) }); }
+    }
+    await browser.close();
+    return rows;
+}
+
 const server = await serverLatency([
     '/api/version',
     '/api/plugins',
@@ -86,9 +157,21 @@ out += `| Cold boot → networkidle | ${client.bootMs} ms |\n`;
 out += `| JS heap after load | ${client.memStartMB ? client.memStartMB.toFixed(1) + ' MB' : '—'} |\n`;
 out += `| JS heap after ${SOAK_S}s idle soak | ${client.memSoakMB ? client.memSoakMB.toFixed(1) + ' MB' : '—'} |\n`;
 out += `| Plugin scripts injected | ${client.scripts} |\n`;
-out += `\n> **Requires a seeded library** (not captured by this run): playback frame-time p95\n`;
-out += `> on the 2D + 3D highway, and screen-entry (plugin inject → interactive) for\n`;
-out += `> editor / notedetect / highway_3d with a real chart loaded. Run this harness\n`;
-out += `> against an environment with charts in \`DLC_DIR\` to fill those in.\n`;
+if (SONG) {
+    const frames = await frameTime();
+    out += `\n### 2D highway per-frame draw cost — \`${SONG}\` (${RUNS} runs × ${FRAME_S}s)\n\n`;
+    out += `| run | draw frames | p50 | p95 | p99 | max |\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n`;
+    for (let i = 0; i < frames.length; i++) {
+        const r = frames[i];
+        if (r.error) { out += `| ${i + 1} | — | \`${r.error}\` | | | |\n`; continue; }
+        out += `| ${i + 1} | ${r.n}/${r.total} | ${ms(r.p50)} | ${ms(r.p95)} | ${ms(r.p99)} | ${ms(r.max)} |\n`;
+    }
+    const p95s = frames.filter((r) => !r.error).map((r) => r.p95);
+    if (p95s.length) out += `\n**p95 spread across runs: ${ms(Math.min(...p95s))}–${ms(Math.max(...p95s))} ms**\n`;
+} else {
+    out += `\n> **Requires a seeded library** (not captured by this run): playback frame-time p95\n`;
+    out += `> on the 2D highway — pass \`--song "<filename in DLC_DIR>"\` to capture it.\n`;
+    out += `> (3D highway_3d + screen-entry timings are a separate R4 concern.)\n`;
+}
 
 console.log(out);

static/app.js

@@ -4877,6 +4877,15 @@ window.jucePlayer = jucePlayer;
     // value change (this runs on a 350ms poll — logging every tick would
     // flood the diagnostics buffer).
     let _loggedOutputType;
+    // [asio-diag] verbose diagnostics, gated on --debug (preload exposes
+    // audio.debugEnabled). Resolved once at install; until it resolves the
+    // flag stays false and verbose lines are skipped. Shared with the
+    // renderer-bus feeder below via window._asioDiagEnabled.
+    let _asioDiag = false;
+    if (typeof juceApi.debugEnabled === 'function') {
+        juceApi.debugEnabled().then((v) => { _asioDiag = !!v; }).catch(() => {});
+    }
+    window._asioDiagEnabled = () => _asioDiag;
     async function _outputIsExclusive() {
         if (typeof juceApi.getCurrentDevice !== 'function') {
             if (_loggedOutputType !== '<no-getCurrentDevice>') {
@@ -4892,6 +4901,15 @@ window.jucePlayer = jucePlayer;
             if (t !== _loggedOutputType) {
                 _loggedOutputType = t;
                 console.log('[feedpak-route] outputType=', JSON.stringify(t), '→ exclusive=', excl);
+                // [asio-diag] full device object on every type change — shows
+                // the exact strings the predicate saw (inputType vs outputType,
+                // device names, duplex), so a driver reporting a non-'ASIO'
+                // type name is visible in tester logs.
+                if (_asioDiag) {
+                    try {
+                        console.log('[asio-diag] getCurrentDevice=', JSON.stringify(dev));
+                    } catch (_) { /* circular/hostile object — skip */ }
+                }
             }
             return excl;
         } catch (e) {
@@ -5376,6 +5394,13 @@ window.jucePlayer = jucePlayer;
         if (typeof ctx.setSinkId !== 'function') throw new Error('setSinkId unsupported');
         await ctx.setSinkId(exclusive ? { type: 'none' } : '');
         if (ctx.state !== 'running') await ctx.resume().catch(() => {});
+        // [asio-diag] a context left on the default sink while the bus is
+        // engaged is exactly the "song on the wrong device" symptom — record
+        // every successful sink flip (failures throw and are logged upstream).
+        if (window._asioDiagEnabled?.()) {
+            console.log('[asio-diag] setSink:', exclusive ? 'null-sink' : 'default',
+                'state=', ctx.state, 'rate=', ctx.sampleRate);
+        }
     }
 
     async function _disengage() {
@@ -5446,6 +5471,24 @@ window.jucePlayer = jucePlayer;
                 else if (elementSong) want = 'element';
             }
 
+            // [asio-diag] full decision vector, change-gated (500ms poll —
+            // steady state must not flood the buffer). This is the feeder-side
+            // counterpart of the watcher's [feedpak-route] decision line: it
+            // shows WHY the bus did or didn't engage (exclusive predicate,
+            // stems graph presence, native transport ownership, element song).
+            if (window._asioDiagEnabled?.()) {
+                const d = 'running=' + running + ' exclusive=' + exclusive
+                    + ' stems=' + !!stems + ' songAudio=' + !!songAudio
+                    + ' juceMode=' + !!window._juceMode
+                    + ' elementSong=' + elementSong
+                    + ' want=' + want + ' mode=' + _mode;
+                if (d !== window._lastRendererBusDecision) {
+                    window._lastRendererBusDecision = d;
+                    console.log('[asio-diag] renderer-bus:', d);
+                }
+            }
+
+
             const stemsGraphChanged = _mode === 'stems' && stems !== _stemsGraph;
             if (want !== _mode || stemsGraphChanged) {
                 await _disengage();

tests/js/beats_loaded.test.js

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ test('beats:loaded emit is wired into the WS beats case', () => {
     );
     assert.match(
         block,
-        /count:\s*beats\.length/,
+        /count:\s*hwState\.beats\.length/,
         'beats:loaded payload must include count = beats.length',
     );
 });

tests/js/handshapes_pipeline.test.js

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ test('handshapes WS case accumulates incoming chunks into handShapes', () => {
     const block = getCaseBlock(src, 'handshapes');
     assert.match(
         block,
-        /handShapes\s*=\s*handShapes\.concat\(\s*msg\.data\s*\)/,
+        /hwState\.handShapes\s*=\s*hwState\.handShapes\.concat\(\s*msg\.data\s*\)/,
         'handshapes case must concat msg.data into the handShapes accumulator',
     );
 });
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ test('bundle exposes handShapes to renderers with flat-list fallback', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(HIGHWAY_JS, 'utf8');
     assert.match(
         src,
-        /\bhandShapes\s*[:=]\s*\([^)]*_filteredHandShapes[^)]*\)\s*\?\s*_filteredHandShapes\s*:\s*handShapes\b/,
+        /\bhandShapes\s*[:=]\s*\([^)]*hwState\._filteredHandShapes[^)]*\)\s*\?\s*hwState\._filteredHandShapes\s*:\s*hwState\.handShapes\b/,
         'bundle must expose handShapes with the _filteredHandShapes-vs-handShapes ternary fallback',
     );
 });

tests/js/highway_3d_lefty.test.js

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ function src(file) {
 test('highway renderer bundles surface the core lefty flag', () => {
     assert.match(
         src(HIGHWAY_JS),
-        /lefty\s*[:=]\s*_lefty/,
+        /lefty\s*[:=]\s*hwState\._lefty/,
         'custom renderer bundles must include lefty: _lefty',
     );
 });

tests/js/highway_3d_smooth_clock_pause.test.js

@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ test('core _makeBundle exposes isPlaying derived from the chart-clock anchor', (
     // within the interp cap.
     assert.match(
         fn,
-        /isPlaying\s*[:=]\s*!Number\.isNaN\(\s*_chartAnchorPerfNow\s*\)/,
+        /isPlaying\s*[:=]\s*!Number\.isNaN\(\s*hwState\._chartAnchorPerfNow\s*\)/,
         'isPlaying must gate on a live anchor (_chartAnchorPerfNow not NaN)',
     );
     assert.match(
         fn,
-        /_chartLastAdvanceAt\s*\)\s*<=\s*_CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS/,
+        /hwState\._chartLastAdvanceAt\s*\)\s*<=\s*_CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS/,
         'isPlaying must require the clock advanced within _CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS',
     );
 });

tests/js/highway_adaptive_scale.test.js

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ function extractBlock(src, signature) {
 
 test('highway declares adaptive-scale state with a floor', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_autoScale\s*=\s*1/, 'missing _autoScale multiplier');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._autoScale\s*=\s*1/, 'missing _autoScale multiplier');
     assert.match(src, /const\s+_AUTO_SCALE_MIN\s*=\s*0?\.25/, 'missing _AUTO_SCALE_MIN floor (0.25)');
     assert.match(src, /const\s+_DRAW_BUDGET_HI_MS\s*=\s*\d+/, 'missing high draw budget');
     assert.match(src, /const\s+_DRAW_BUDGET_LO_MS\s*=\s*\d+/, 'missing low draw budget');
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@ test('_effectiveRenderScale clamps user ceiling * auto factor to [MIN, 1]', () =
 test('min render scale floor is user-configurable + exposed on the api (#654)', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
     // Hard floor constant kept; configurable floor read from localStorage.
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_autoScaleMin\s*=/, 'missing configurable _autoScaleMin');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._autoScaleMin\s*=/, 'missing configurable _autoScaleMin');
     assert.match(src, /localStorage\.getItem\('highwayMinRenderScale'\)/,
         'configurable floor must load from localStorage.highwayMinRenderScale');
     assert.match(src, /setMinRenderScale\(/, 'api.setMinRenderScale missing');
-    assert.match(src, /getMinRenderScale\(\)\s*\{\s*return\s+_autoScaleMin/, 'api.getMinRenderScale missing');
+    assert.match(src, /getMinRenderScale\(\)\s*\{\s*return\s+hwState\._autoScaleMin/, 'api.getMinRenderScale missing');
     // Floor is clamped to the user ceiling so it can never exceed the manual cap.
     const eff = extractBlock(src, 'function _effectiveRenderScale()');
-    assert.match(eff, /Math\.min\(\s*_autoScaleMin\s*,\s*user\s*\)/,
+    assert.match(eff, /Math\.min\(\s*hwState\._autoScaleMin\s*,\s*user\s*\)/,
         'effective scale must clamp the floor to the user ceiling');
     // _adaptRenderScale must cap the lo bound at 1 so _autoScale stays in [_,1].
     const adapt = extractBlock(src, 'function _adaptRenderScale(');
-    assert.match(adapt, /Math\.min\(\s*1\s*,\s*_autoScaleMin\s*\/\s*_renderScale\s*\)/,
+    assert.match(adapt, /Math\.min\(\s*1\s*,\s*hwState\._autoScaleMin\s*\/\s*hwState\._renderScale\s*\)/,
         'lo bound must be capped at 1 to keep _autoScale a [0,1] multiplier');
 });
 

tests/js/highway_chord_render_cache.test.js

@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ test('_ensureChordRenderCache keys off src, _inverted, AND chordTemplates', () =
     const neqEither = (a, b) => new RegExp(
         `\\b${a}\\b\\s*!==\\s*\\b${b}\\b|\\b${b}\\b\\s*!==\\s*\\b${a}\\b`
     );
-    assert.match(src, eqEither('_chordRenderCacheSrc', 'src'), 'cache must key on src');
-    assert.match(src, eqEither('_chordRenderCacheInverted', '_inverted'), 'cache must key on _inverted');
-    assert.match(src, neqEither('_chordRenderCacheTemplates', 'chordTemplates'),
+    assert.match(src, eqEither('hwState\\._chordRenderCacheSrc', 'src'), 'cache must key on src');
+    assert.match(src, eqEither('hwState\\._chordRenderCacheInverted', 'hwState\\._inverted'), 'cache must key on _inverted');
+    assert.match(src, neqEither('hwState\\._chordRenderCacheTemplates', 'hwState\\.chordTemplates'),
         'cache must key on chordTemplates (detected via !== for change-flag)');
 });
 
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ test('chordTemplates change resets fretline preview and frame-mismatch warner',
     // block inside the `if (templatesChanged) { … }` branch (e.g. an
     // inner conditional reset) doesn't break the match by introducing
     // a `}` before the symbol we're checking for.
-    assert.match(src, /if\s*\(\s*templatesChanged\s*\)\s*\{[\s\S]*?_chordFretLineNotes\s*=\s*\[\][\s\S]*?\}/,
+    assert.match(src, /if\s*\(\s*templatesChanged\s*\)\s*\{[\s\S]*?hwState\._chordFretLineNotes\s*=\s*\[\][\s\S]*?\}/,
         'templatesChanged branch must reset _chordFretLineNotes');
-    assert.match(src, /if\s*\(\s*templatesChanged\s*\)\s*\{[\s\S]*?_lastChordOnFretLine\s*=\s*null[\s\S]*?\}/,
+    assert.match(src, /if\s*\(\s*templatesChanged\s*\)\s*\{[\s\S]*?hwState\._lastChordOnFretLine\s*=\s*null[\s\S]*?\}/,
         'templatesChanged branch must null _lastChordOnFretLine');
     assert.match(src, /if\s*\(\s*templatesChanged\s*\)\s*\{[\s\S]*?_frameMismatchWarned\.clear\(\)[\s\S]*?\}/,
         'templatesChanged branch must clear _frameMismatchWarned');

tests/js/highway_filtered_notes.test.js

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ test('getFilteredNotes falls through to notes when _filteredNotes is null', () =
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
     assert.match(
         src,
-        /getFilteredNotes\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{[^}]*_filteredNotes[^}]*:\s*notes/,
+        /getFilteredNotes\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{[^}]*_filteredNotes[^}]*:\s*hwState\.notes/,
         'getFilteredNotes must return notes as fallback',
     );
 });
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ test('getFilteredChords falls through to chords when _filteredChords is null', (
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
     assert.match(
         src,
-        /getFilteredChords\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{[^}]*_filteredChords[^}]*:\s*chords/,
+        /getFilteredChords\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{[^}]*_filteredChords[^}]*:\s*hwState\.chords/,
         'getFilteredChords must return chords as fallback',
     );
 });

tests/js/highway_monotonic_clock.test.js

@@ -35,7 +35,10 @@ function extractBlock(src, signature) {
 // + getTime methods so behavioral tests can exercise the real
 // implementation in isolation.
 function buildClockSandbox(perfNowImpl) {
-    const sandbox = {
+    // The lifted per-instance state now lives on `hwState` (the R3c H lift);
+    // the extracted setTime/getTime bodies reference hwState.<slot>. The const
+    // _CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS was NOT lifted, so it stays a top-level global here.
+    const hwState = {
         chartTime: 0,
         currentTime: 0,
         avOffsetSec: 0,
@@ -50,6 +53,9 @@ function buildClockSandbox(perfNowImpl) {
         _chartAnchorPerfNow: NaN,
         _chartLastAdvanceAt: 0,
         _chartObservedRate: 1,
+    };
+    const sandbox = {
+        hwState,
         _CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS: 100,
         performance: { now: perfNowImpl },
     };
@@ -72,10 +78,10 @@ test('highway declares chart anchor + stall-detect + rate state', () => {
     // particular MUST start as NaN, not 0, otherwise setTime(0) on the
     // very first 60 Hz tick fails the `t !== _chartAnchorAudioT` check
     // and never re-anchors, leaving the clock uninitialized.
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_chartAnchorAudioT\s*=\s*NaN/, 'missing _chartAnchorAudioT (NaN sentinel)');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_chartAnchorPerfNow\s*=\s*NaN/, 'missing _chartAnchorPerfNow (NaN sentinel)');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_chartLastAdvanceAt\s*=\s*0/, 'missing _chartLastAdvanceAt (pause detection)');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_chartObservedRate\s*=\s*1/, 'missing _chartObservedRate (playback rate awareness)');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._chartAnchorAudioT\s*=\s*NaN/, 'missing _chartAnchorAudioT (NaN sentinel)');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._chartAnchorPerfNow\s*=\s*NaN/, 'missing _chartAnchorPerfNow (NaN sentinel)');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._chartLastAdvanceAt\s*=\s*0/, 'missing _chartLastAdvanceAt (pause detection)');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._chartObservedRate\s*=\s*1/, 'missing _chartObservedRate (playback rate awareness)');
     assert.match(src, /const\s+_CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS\s*=\s*100/, 'missing _CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS cap');
 });
 
@@ -86,7 +92,7 @@ test('getTime scales interpolation by _chartObservedRate (speed-slider safe)', (
     const slice = m[0];
     assert.match(
         slice,
-        /_chartObservedRate\s*\*\s*elapsedMs/,
+        /hwState\._chartObservedRate\s*\*\s*elapsedMs/,
         'getTime must scale interpolation by observed rate so audio.playbackRate != 1 stays accurate',
     );
 });
@@ -100,12 +106,12 @@ test('setTime re-anchors and updates _chartLastAdvanceAt only when t actually ch
     // The implementation may capture performance.now() into a local
     // (e.g. newPerfNow) and assign that to both fields; accept either
     // direct or via-local writes.
-    const m = src.match(/if\s*\(\s*t\s*!==\s*_chartAnchorAudioT\s*\)\s*\{[\s\S]+?\}\s*\},/);
+    const m = src.match(/if\s*\(\s*t\s*!==\s*hwState\._chartAnchorAudioT\s*\)\s*\{[\s\S]+?\}\s*\},/);
     assert.ok(m, 'if (t !== _chartAnchorAudioT) block not found inside setTime');
     const block = m[0];
-    assert.match(block, /_chartAnchorAudioT\s*=\s*t/, 'must assign _chartAnchorAudioT = t');
-    assert.match(block, /_chartAnchorPerfNow\s*=/, 'must assign _chartAnchorPerfNow');
-    assert.match(block, /_chartLastAdvanceAt\s*=/, 'must assign _chartLastAdvanceAt');
+    assert.match(block, /hwState\._chartAnchorAudioT\s*=\s*t/, 'must assign _chartAnchorAudioT = t');
+    assert.match(block, /hwState\._chartAnchorPerfNow\s*=/, 'must assign _chartAnchorPerfNow');
+    assert.match(block, /hwState\._chartLastAdvanceAt\s*=/, 'must assign _chartLastAdvanceAt');
 });
 
 test('getTime falls back to chartTime when audio has stalled (paused)', () => {
@@ -119,7 +125,7 @@ test('getTime falls back to chartTime when audio has stalled (paused)', () => {
     // Must check stall-since-last-advance against the cap.
     assert.match(
         slice,
-        /nowP\s*-\s*_chartLastAdvanceAt\s*>\s*_CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS/,
+        /nowP\s*-\s*hwState\._chartLastAdvanceAt\s*>\s*_CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS/,
         'getTime must short-circuit when audio has stalled past the cap',
     );
     // Must interpolate when active.
@@ -127,7 +133,7 @@ test('getTime falls back to chartTime when audio has stalled (paused)', () => {
     // Rate-scaled formula: _chartAnchorAudioT + (_chartObservedRate * elapsedMs) / 1000
     assert.match(
         slice,
-        /_chartAnchorAudioT\s*\+\s*\(\s*_chartObservedRate\s*\*\s*elapsedMs\s*\)\s*\/\s*1000/,
+        /_chartAnchorAudioT\s*\+\s*\(\s*hwState\._chartObservedRate\s*\*\s*elapsedMs\s*\)\s*\/\s*1000/,
         'getTime must compute anchor + rate-scaled elapsed during play',
     );
 });
@@ -138,10 +144,10 @@ test('api.stop() clears the chart anchor state so re-init starts fresh', () => {
     // the actual stop() body — a fixed-size slice would falsely match
     // resets that landed in an adjacent method.
     const stopBlock = extractBlock(src, 'stop() {');
-    assert.match(stopBlock, /_chartAnchorAudioT\s*=\s*NaN/, 'stop() must reset _chartAnchorAudioT to the NaN sentinel');
-    assert.match(stopBlock, /_chartAnchorPerfNow\s*=\s*NaN/, 'stop() must reset _chartAnchorPerfNow to the NaN sentinel');
-    assert.match(stopBlock, /_chartLastAdvanceAt\s*=\s*0/, 'stop() must reset _chartLastAdvanceAt');
-    assert.match(stopBlock, /_chartObservedRate\s*=\s*1/, 'stop() must reset _chartObservedRate to 1x');
+    assert.match(stopBlock, /hwState\._chartAnchorAudioT\s*=\s*NaN/, 'stop() must reset _chartAnchorAudioT to the NaN sentinel');
+    assert.match(stopBlock, /hwState\._chartAnchorPerfNow\s*=\s*NaN/, 'stop() must reset _chartAnchorPerfNow to the NaN sentinel');
+    assert.match(stopBlock, /hwState\._chartLastAdvanceAt\s*=\s*0/, 'stop() must reset _chartLastAdvanceAt');
+    assert.match(stopBlock, /hwState\._chartObservedRate\s*=\s*1/, 'stop() must reset _chartObservedRate to 1x');
 });
 
 // ── Behavioral tests (run extracted setTime/getTime in vm sandbox) ──────
@@ -195,12 +201,12 @@ test('behavior: seek discontinuity resets observed rate to 1x', () => {
     sb.setTime(10);
     now = 50;
     sb.setTime(10.025); // observed rate ≈ 0.5
-    assert.ok(Math.abs(sb._chartObservedRate - 0.5) < 0.001, `prior segment must measure ≈0.5, got ${sb._chartObservedRate}`);
+    assert.ok(Math.abs(sb.hwState._chartObservedRate - 0.5) < 0.001, `prior segment must measure ≈0.5, got ${sb.hwState._chartObservedRate}`);
     // Seek: large t jump in same perf delta — observed-rate clamp
     // rejects this segment, resets to 1.
     now = 70;
     sb.setTime(120); // dPerf=20ms, dT=110s → observed=5500 (out of clamp)
-    assert.equal(sb._chartObservedRate, 1, 'seek must reset rate to 1x');
+    assert.equal(sb.hwState._chartObservedRate, 1, 'seek must reset rate to 1x');
 });
 
 test('behavior: getTime caps interpolation at _CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS', () => {
@@ -225,8 +231,8 @@ test('behavior: setTime(0) on first tick anchors correctly (boot edge case)', ()
     const sb = buildClockSandbox(() => now);
     sb.setTime(0);
     // Anchor must now be initialized.
-    assert.equal(sb._chartAnchorAudioT, 0, 'setTime(0) on first tick must set anchor.audioT');
-    assert.equal(sb._chartAnchorPerfNow, 16, 'setTime(0) on first tick must set anchor.perfNow');
+    assert.equal(sb.hwState._chartAnchorAudioT, 0, 'setTime(0) on first tick must set anchor.audioT');
+    assert.equal(sb.hwState._chartAnchorPerfNow, 16, 'setTime(0) on first tick must set anchor.perfNow');
     // getTime should return a finite value, not NaN.
     const t = sb.getTime();
     assert.ok(!Number.isNaN(t), `getTime must not return NaN after setTime(0); got ${t}`);
@@ -252,10 +258,10 @@ test('behavior: long anchor gap resets observed rate to 1x', () => {
     sb.setTime(10);
     now = 50;
     sb.setTime(10.025); // observed rate ≈ 0.5
-    assert.ok(Math.abs(sb._chartObservedRate - 0.5) < 0.001, 'first segment measured 0.5x');
+    assert.ok(Math.abs(sb.hwState._chartObservedRate - 0.5) < 0.001, 'first segment measured 0.5x');
     // Long gap (1 second) before next setTime — out of the dPerf < 0.5
     // window, so the rate must reset to 1.
     now = 1100;
     sb.setTime(10.5);
-    assert.equal(sb._chartObservedRate, 1, 'long anchor gap must reset rate to 1x');
+    assert.equal(sb.hwState._chartObservedRate, 1, 'long anchor gap must reset rate to 1x');
 });

tests/js/highway_note_state.test.js

@@ -34,16 +34,16 @@ function extractBlock(src, signature) {
 
 test('highway declares the note-state provider slot', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_noteStateProvider\s*=\s*null/, 'missing _noteStateProvider (provider slot, null = none)');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._noteStateProvider\s*=\s*null/, 'missing _noteStateProvider (provider slot, null = none)');
 });
 
 test('public API exposes setNoteStateProvider / getNoteStateProvider / getNoteState / isDefaultRenderer', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
-    assert.match(src, /setNoteStateProvider\s*\(\s*fn\s*\)\s*\{[^}]*_noteStateProvider\s*=/, 'setNoteStateProvider must assign _noteStateProvider');
+    assert.match(src, /setNoteStateProvider\s*\(\s*fn\s*\)\s*\{[^}]*hwState\._noteStateProvider\s*=/, 'setNoteStateProvider must assign _noteStateProvider');
     assert.match(src, /setNoteStateProvider\s*\(\s*fn\s*\)\s*\{[^}]*typeof\s+fn\s*===\s*['"]function['"][^}]*:\s*null/, 'setNoteStateProvider must coerce non-functions (incl. null) to null');
-    assert.match(src, /getNoteStateProvider\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{\s*return\s+_noteStateProvider/, 'getNoteStateProvider must return the slot');
+    assert.match(src, /getNoteStateProvider\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{\s*return\s+hwState\._noteStateProvider/, 'getNoteStateProvider must return the slot');
     assert.match(src, /getNoteState\s*\(\s*note\s*,\s*chartTime\s*\)\s*\{\s*return\s+_noteState\s*\(/, 'getNoteState must delegate to _noteState');
-    assert.match(src, /isDefaultRenderer\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{\s*return\s+_renderer\s*===\s*_defaultRenderer\s*\|\|\s*_renderer\s*==\s*null/, 'isDefaultRenderer must be (_renderer === _defaultRenderer || _renderer == null)');
+    assert.match(src, /isDefaultRenderer\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{\s*return\s+hwState\._renderer\s*===\s*_defaultRenderer\s*\|\|\s*hwState\._renderer\s*==\s*null/, 'isDefaultRenderer must be (_renderer === _defaultRenderer || _renderer == null)');
 });
 
 test('_makeBundle exposes getNoteState (stable reference, no per-frame alloc)', () => {
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ test('_makeBundle exposes getNoteStateProvider as a stable reference (feedBack#2
     // slot, so renderers see a live "is a provider registered?" view.
     assert.match(
         src,
-        /function\s+_getNoteStateProvider\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{\s*return\s+_noteStateProvider\s*;?\s*\}/,
+        /function\s+_getNoteStateProvider\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{\s*return\s+hwState\._noteStateProvider\s*;?\s*\}/,
         '_getNoteStateProvider must be defined as a stable named function returning _noteStateProvider'
     );
 });
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test('_makeBundle exposes getNoteStateProvider as a stable reference (feedBack#2
 test('_noteState normalizes provider output as documented', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
     const fn = extractBlock(src, 'function _noteState(note, chartTime)');
-    assert.match(fn, /if\s*\(\s*!_noteStateProvider\s*\)\s*return\s+null/, 'must short-circuit when no provider is registered');
+    assert.match(fn, /if\s*\(\s*!hwState\._noteStateProvider\s*\)\s*return\s+null/, 'must short-circuit when no provider is registered');
     assert.match(fn, /try\s*\{[\s\S]*_noteStateProvider\s*\([\s\S]*catch[\s\S]*return\s+null/, 'must call the provider inside try/catch and return null on throw');
     assert.match(fn, /state\s*!==\s*['"]hit['"]\s*&&\s*state\s*!==\s*['"]active['"]\s*&&\s*state\s*!==\s*['"]miss['"]/, 'must reject states other than hit/active/miss');
     assert.match(fn, /Math\.max\(\s*0\s*,\s*Math\.min\(\s*1\s*,\s*raw\.alpha\s*\)\s*\)/, 'must clamp alpha to [0,1]');

tests/js/highway_pause_throttle.test.js

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ function extractBlock(src, signature) {
 test('highway declares the paused-render throttle state', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
     assert.match(src, /const\s+_PAUSED_FRAME_INTERVAL_MS\s*=\s*\d+/, 'missing _PAUSED_FRAME_INTERVAL_MS cap');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_lastPausedDrawAt\s*=\s*0/, 'missing _lastPausedDrawAt accumulator');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._lastPausedDrawAt\s*=\s*0/, 'missing _lastPausedDrawAt accumulator');
 });
 
 test('draw() throttles full renders while the audio clock is stalled', () => {
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ test('draw() throttles full renders while the audio clock is stalled', () => {
     assert.match(fn, /_chartLastAdvanceAt/, 'throttle must key off _chartLastAdvanceAt (the advance timestamp)');
     assert.match(fn, /_CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS/, 'throttle must reuse the _CHART_MAX_INTERP_MS pause threshold');
     assert.match(fn, /_PAUSED_FRAME_INTERVAL_MS/, 'throttle must cap paused draws to _PAUSED_FRAME_INTERVAL_MS');
-    assert.match(fn, /_lastPausedDrawAt\s*=\s*_nowP/, 'throttle must record the last paused draw time');
+    assert.match(fn, /hwState\._lastPausedDrawAt\s*=\s*_nowP/, 'throttle must record the last paused draw time');
 });
 
 test('throttle runs after the ready gate, before bundle/draw', () => {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ test('throttle runs after the ready gate, before bundle/draw', () => {
     // Regex landmarks (not exact-string indexOf) so harmless spacing /
     // semicolon changes don't break the ordering guard — matches the
     // search-based style of the other highway source-guard tests.
-    const readyIdx = fn.search(/if\s*\(\s*!ready\s*\)\s*return;/);
+    const readyIdx = fn.search(/if\s*\(\s*!hwState\.ready\s*\)\s*return;/);
     const throttleIdx = fn.search(/_PAUSED_FRAME_INTERVAL_MS/);
     const drawIdx = fn.search(/_renderer\.draw\s*\(/);
     assert.ok(readyIdx !== -1, 'ready gate not found');

tests/js/highway_phrases.test.js

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ test('getPhrases returns null when _phrases is falsy or empty', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
     assert.match(
         src,
-        /getPhrases\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{[^}]*!\s*_phrases[^}]*return null/,
+        /getPhrases\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{[^}]*!\s*hwState\._phrases[^}]*return null/,
         'getPhrases must return null when no phrase data is available',
     );
 });

tests/js/highway_renderer_swap_canvas_reset.test.js

@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ test('_setRenderer captures the outgoing renderer before overwriting it', () =>
     // prev must be captured BEFORE _destroyCurrentIfInited and the
     // `_renderer = next` assignment, otherwise the swap detection below
     // would always compare next against itself.
-    const prevIdx = fn.search(/const\s+prev\s*=\s*_renderer/);
+    const prevIdx = fn.search(/const\s+prev\s*=\s*hwState\._renderer/);
     const destroyIdx = fn.search(/_destroyCurrentIfInited\(\)/);
-    const assignIdx = fn.search(/^\s*_renderer\s*=\s*next\s*;/m);
+    const assignIdx = fn.search(/^\s*hwState\._renderer\s*=\s*next\s*;/m);
     assert.ok(prevIdx !== -1, 'must capture `const prev = _renderer`');
     assert.ok(destroyIdx !== -1, 'must call _destroyCurrentIfInited');
     assert.ok(assignIdx !== -1, 'must assign `_renderer = next`');
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ test('_setRenderer replaces the canvas on a context-type change OR a viz change'
     );
     assert.match(
         fn,
-        /if\s*\(\s*nextType\s*!==\s*_currentCanvasContextType\s*\|\|\s*_vizChanged\s*\)\s*\{\s*_replaceCanvas\(nextType\)/,
+        /if\s*\(\s*nextType\s*!==\s*hwState\._currentCanvasContextType\s*\|\|\s*_vizChanged\s*\)\s*\{\s*_replaceCanvas\(nextType\)/,
         'replace guard must be `nextType !== _currentCanvasContextType || _vizChanged`',
     );
 });

tests/js/highway_string_colors.test.js

@@ -40,20 +40,20 @@ test('2D palette arrays are mutable (let) with frozen DEFAULT_* originals', () =
     assert.match(src, /const\s+DEFAULT_STRING_COLORS\s*=/, 'DEFAULT_STRING_COLORS must exist for reset');
     assert.match(src, /const\s+DEFAULT_STRING_DIM\s*=/, 'DEFAULT_STRING_DIM must exist for reset');
     assert.match(src, /const\s+DEFAULT_STRING_BRIGHT\s*=/, 'DEFAULT_STRING_BRIGHT must exist for reset');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+STRING_COLORS\s*=\s*DEFAULT_STRING_COLORS\.slice\(\)/, 'STRING_COLORS must be a mutable copy of the defaults');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+STRING_DIM\s*=\s*DEFAULT_STRING_DIM\.slice\(\)/, 'STRING_DIM must be a mutable copy of the defaults');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+STRING_BRIGHT\s*=\s*DEFAULT_STRING_BRIGHT\.slice\(\)/, 'STRING_BRIGHT must be a mutable copy of the defaults');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\.STRING_COLORS\s*=\s*DEFAULT_STRING_COLORS\.slice\(\)/, 'STRING_COLORS must be a mutable copy of the defaults');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\.STRING_DIM\s*=\s*DEFAULT_STRING_DIM\.slice\(\)/, 'STRING_DIM must be a mutable copy of the defaults');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\.STRING_BRIGHT\s*=\s*DEFAULT_STRING_BRIGHT\.slice\(\)/, 'STRING_BRIGHT must be a mutable copy of the defaults');
 });
 
 test('2D public API exposes getStringColors / setStringColors', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
-    assert.match(src, /getStringColors\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{\s*return\s+STRING_COLORS\.slice\(\)/, 'getStringColors must return a copy');
+    assert.match(src, /getStringColors\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{\s*return\s+hwState\.STRING_COLORS\.slice\(\)/, 'getStringColors must return a copy');
     const fn = extractBlock(src, 'setStringColors(arr)');
     // Each provided index sets base + derived dim/bright; missing → default.
-    assert.match(fn, /STRING_COLORS\[i\]\s*=\s*base/, 'setStringColors must set the base color');
-    assert.match(fn, /STRING_DIM\[i\]\s*=\s*_darken\(/, 'setStringColors must derive the dim variant');
-    assert.match(fn, /STRING_BRIGHT\[i\]\s*=\s*_lighten\(/, 'setStringColors must derive the bright variant');
-    assert.match(fn, /STRING_COLORS\[i\]\s*=\s*DEFAULT_STRING_COLORS\[i\]/, 'setStringColors must restore defaults for missing/invalid indices');
+    assert.match(fn, /hwState\.STRING_COLORS\[i\]\s*=\s*base/, 'setStringColors must set the base color');
+    assert.match(fn, /hwState\.STRING_DIM\[i\]\s*=\s*_darken\(/, 'setStringColors must derive the dim variant');
+    assert.match(fn, /hwState\.STRING_BRIGHT\[i\]\s*=\s*_lighten\(/, 'setStringColors must derive the bright variant');
+    assert.match(fn, /hwState\.STRING_COLORS\[i\]\s*=\s*DEFAULT_STRING_COLORS\[i\]/, 'setStringColors must restore defaults for missing/invalid indices');
 });
 
 // ── 3D highway (plugins/highway_3d/screen.js) ─────────────────────────────

tests/js/highway_visibility.test.js

@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ function extractBlock(src, signature) {
 
 test('highway declares visibility state (_visibleOverride + _lastVisible)', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_visibleOverride\s*=\s*null/, 'missing _visibleOverride (override sentinel)');
-    assert.match(src, /let\s+_lastVisible\s*=\s*null/, 'missing _lastVisible (last-emitted state)');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._visibleOverride\s*=\s*null/, 'missing _visibleOverride (override sentinel)');
+    assert.match(src, /hwState\._lastVisible\s*=\s*null/, 'missing _lastVisible (last-emitted state)');
 });
 
 test('_isHighwayVisible respects _visibleOverride and falls back to offsetParent', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
     const fn = extractBlock(src, 'function _isHighwayVisible()');
-    assert.match(fn, /_visibleOverride\s*!==\s*null/, 'must check the override before the DOM');
+    assert.match(fn, /hwState\._visibleOverride\s*!==\s*null/, 'must check the override before the DOM');
     assert.match(fn, /canvas\.offsetParent\s*!==\s*null/, 'DOM fallback must use offsetParent !== null');
 });
 
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ test('_emitVisibilityIfChanged is transition-only (no per-frame spam)', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
     const fn = extractBlock(src, 'function _emitVisibilityIfChanged()');
     // Must short-circuit when the current state equals the cached one.
-    assert.match(fn, /v\s*===\s*_lastVisible/, 'must compare current vs _lastVisible and bail when equal');
+    assert.match(fn, /v\s*===\s*hwState\._lastVisible/, 'must compare current vs _lastVisible and bail when equal');
     // Must update the cache and emit the event with the documented payload shape.
-    assert.match(fn, /_lastVisible\s*=\s*v/, 'must update _lastVisible after a transition');
+    assert.match(fn, /hwState\._lastVisible\s*=\s*v/, 'must update _lastVisible after a transition');
     assert.match(
         fn,
         /window\.feedBack\.emit\(\s*['"]highway:visibility['"][\s\S]*?visible:\s*v[\s\S]*?canvas/,
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ test('rAF draw() loop calls _emitVisibilityIfChanged and skips when hidden', ()
     // transitions during loading/reconnect windows still propagate.
     const emitIdx = fn.search(/_emitVisibilityIfChanged\(\)/);
     const skipIdx = fn.search(/if\s*\(\s*!_rendering\s*\)\s*return/);
-    const readyIdx = fn.search(/if\s*\(\s*!ready\s*\)\s*return/);
+    const readyIdx = fn.search(/if\s*\(\s*!hwState\.ready\s*\)\s*return/);
     const drawIdx = fn.search(/_renderer\.draw\(/);
     assert.ok(emitIdx !== -1 && skipIdx !== -1 && readyIdx !== -1 && drawIdx !== -1, 'all four landmarks must be present');
     assert.ok(emitIdx < readyIdx, 'emit must run BEFORE the !ready gate (transitions during loading must still fire)');
@@ -84,19 +84,19 @@ test('draw() keeps an active custom renderer painting through an override-hide (
     const src = fs.readFileSync(highwayJs, 'utf8');
     const fn = extractBlock(src, 'function draw()');
     // Single render decision drives both the perf-HUD reset and the gate.
-    assert.match(fn, /let\s+_rendering\s*=\s*_lastVisible/, 'must derive a single _rendering decision from _lastVisible');
+    assert.match(fn, /let\s+_rendering\s*=\s*hwState\._lastVisible/, 'must derive a single _rendering decision from _lastVisible');
     // Assert the exact boolean RELATIONSHIP, not just the tokens (CodeRabbit):
     // the exemption must AND together override-hide, an active custom renderer,
     // and the canvas still in layout. A weakened guard (e.g. `||`, or a dropped
     // offsetParent clause) must fail this — that's the regression being fixed.
     assert.match(
         fn,
-        /!_rendering\s*&&\s*_visibleOverride\s*===\s*false\s*&&\s*_renderer\s*!==\s*_defaultRenderer\s*&&\s*canvas\s*&&\s*canvas\.offsetParent\s*!==\s*null/,
+        /!_rendering\s*&&\s*hwState\._visibleOverride\s*===\s*false\s*&&\s*hwState\._renderer\s*!==\s*_defaultRenderer\s*&&\s*hwState\.canvas\s*&&\s*hwState\.canvas\.offsetParent\s*!==\s*null/,
         'exemption must AND override-hide + active custom renderer + canvas-in-layout (genuine off-screen still pauses, #246)',
     );
     // Both the HUD reset and the gate key off _rendering, not _lastVisible,
     // so the HUD doesn\'t churn while the custom renderer is actually drawing.
-    assert.match(fn, /_perfHud\s*&&\s*\(\s*!_rendering/, 'perf-HUD reset must key off _rendering, not _lastVisible');
+    assert.match(fn, /hwState\._perfHud\s*&&\s*\(\s*!_rendering/, 'perf-HUD reset must key off _rendering, not _lastVisible');
     assert.match(fn, /if\s*\(\s*!_rendering\s*\)\s*return/, 'the draw gate must bail on !_rendering');
 });
 

tests/test_highway_ws_authors.py

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ import pytest
 import yaml
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
 
+from routers.ws_highway import _sanitize_authors
+
 
 # ── _sanitize_authors unit tests ────────────────────────────────────────────
 
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ def server_mod(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
 
 
 def test_sanitize_authors_valid(server_mod):
-    out = server_mod._sanitize_authors(
+    out = _sanitize_authors(
         {
             "authors": [
                 {"name": "Azure", "role": "charter", "email": "a@b.c", "url": "x"},
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ def test_sanitize_authors_valid(server_mod):
 
 
 def test_sanitize_authors_skips_malformed(server_mod):
-    out = server_mod._sanitize_authors(
+    out = _sanitize_authors(
         {
             "authors": [
                 {"name": ""},          # blank name → skipped
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ def test_sanitize_authors_skips_malformed(server_mod):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("manifest", [None, {}, {"authors": None}, {"authors": "x"}, "nope"])
 def test_sanitize_authors_absent_or_nonlist(server_mod, manifest):
-    assert server_mod._sanitize_authors(manifest) == []
+    assert _sanitize_authors(manifest) == []
 
 
 # ── song_info WS integration ────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -118,6 +120,9 @@ def make_client(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
         monkeypatch.setattr(server, "load_plugins", lambda *a, **kw: None)
         monkeypatch.setattr(server, "startup_scan", lambda: None)
         monkeypatch.setattr(server, "SLOPPAK_CACHE_DIR", tmp_path / "cache")
+        # ws_highway reads the cache dir through the appstate seam now.
+        import appstate as _appstate
+        monkeypatch.setattr(_appstate, "sloppak_cache_dir", tmp_path / "cache")
         return server
 
     (tmp_path / "dlc").mkdir()

tests/test_highway_ws_instrument_routing.py

@@ -96,6 +96,9 @@ def make_client(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
         monkeypatch.setattr(server, "load_plugins", lambda *a, **kw: None)
         monkeypatch.setattr(server, "startup_scan", lambda: None)
         monkeypatch.setattr(server, "SLOPPAK_CACHE_DIR", tmp_path / "cache")
+        # ws_highway reads the cache dir through the appstate seam now.
+        import appstate as _appstate
+        monkeypatch.setattr(_appstate, "sloppak_cache_dir", tmp_path / "cache")
         return server
 
     (tmp_path / "dlc").mkdir()

tests/test_highway_ws_notation.py

@@ -123,6 +123,9 @@ def make_client(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
         monkeypatch.setattr(server, "load_plugins", lambda *a, **kw: None)
         monkeypatch.setattr(server, "startup_scan", lambda: None)
         monkeypatch.setattr(server, "SLOPPAK_CACHE_DIR", tmp_path / "cache")
+        # ws_highway reads the cache dir through the appstate seam now.
+        import appstate as _appstate
+        monkeypatch.setattr(_appstate, "sloppak_cache_dir", tmp_path / "cache")
         return server
 
     (tmp_path / "dlc").mkdir()

tests/test_loops_concurrency.py

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+"""Concurrent unnamed loop saves must get unique names.
+
+`save_loop` auto-names an unnamed loop `Loop {count+1}`. If the `COUNT(*)` runs
+outside the DB lock (as it did before the fix), two simultaneous unnamed POSTs
+read the same count and both mint the same name. A `threading.Barrier` releases
+all workers into `save_loop` at once to force that interleave.
+
+Single-user app, so this race is unlikely in practice — but the fix is one lock
+scope, and the test pins it.
+"""
+
+import threading
+
+import pytest
+
+import appstate
+from metadata_db import MetadataDB
+from routers import loops
+
+
+@pytest.fixture()
+def meta_db(tmp_path):
+    prev = appstate.meta_db
+    db = MetadataDB(tmp_path)
+    appstate.configure(meta_db=db)
+    yield db
+    db.conn.close()
+    appstate.configure(meta_db=prev)
+
+
+def test_concurrent_unnamed_saves_get_unique_names(meta_db):
+    workers = 16
+    barrier = threading.Barrier(workers)
+    names, errors = [], []
+    lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    def save():
+        try:
+            barrier.wait()                       # release all at once
+            r = loops.save_loop({"filename": "song.feedpak", "start": 0.0, "end": 1.0})
+            with lock:
+                names.append(r["name"])
+        except Exception as e:                   # noqa: BLE001 — surface any thread error
+            with lock:
+                errors.append(e)
+
+    threads = [threading.Thread(target=save) for _ in range(workers)]
+    for t in threads:
+        t.start()
+    for t in threads:
+        t.join()
+
+    assert not errors, errors
+    assert len(names) == workers
+    # The load-bearing assertion: no two auto-named loops collide.
+    assert len(set(names)) == workers, f"duplicate loop names: {sorted(names)}"
+    # And the DB agrees — every insert landed.
+    stored = meta_db.conn.execute(
+        "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM loops WHERE filename = ?", ("song.feedpak",)
+    ).fetchone()[0]
+    assert stored == workers
+
+
+def test_list_and_save_do_not_error_under_interleave(meta_db):
+    """A read overlapping writes must not raise (shared connection, one lock)."""
+    stop = threading.Event()
+    errors = []
+
+    def reader():
+        while not stop.is_set():
+            try:
+                loops.list_loops("song.feedpak")
+            except Exception as e:               # noqa: BLE001
+                errors.append(e)
+
+    r = threading.Thread(target=reader)
+    r.start()
+    try:
+        for i in range(40):
+            loops.save_loop({"filename": "song.feedpak", "name": f"n{i}", "start": 0.0, "end": 1.0})
+    finally:
+        stop.set()
+        r.join()
+    assert not errors, errors

tests/test_playlist_cover_errors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+"""Playlist cover upload: client vs server errors, no temp litter, no leak.
+
+The pre-split handler caught decode AND persistence failures in one `except`,
+returned 400 for both, and echoed the exception (`Invalid image: {e}`) — so a
+disk/permission failure was mislabeled as a client error and could leak a
+filesystem path. These pin the split.
+"""
+
+import base64
+import io
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from PIL import Image
+
+import appstate
+from metadata_db import MetadataDB
+from routers import playlists
+
+
+@pytest.fixture()
+def client(tmp_path):
+    prev = (appstate.meta_db, appstate.config_dir)
+    db = MetadataDB(tmp_path)
+    appstate.configure(meta_db=db, config_dir=tmp_path)
+    app_ = __import__("fastapi").FastAPI()
+    app_.include_router(playlists.router)
+    try:
+        yield TestClient(app_), tmp_path
+    finally:
+        db.conn.close()
+        appstate.configure(meta_db=prev[0], config_dir=prev[1])
+
+
+def _png_b64():
+    buf = io.BytesIO()
+    Image.new("RGB", (8, 8), (10, 20, 30)).save(buf, "PNG")
+    return base64.b64encode(buf.getvalue()).decode()
+
+
+def _make_playlist(client):
+    return client.post("/api/playlists", json={"name": "P"}).json()["id"]
+
+
+def test_valid_cover_saves_and_leaves_no_temp(client):
+    c, tmp_path = client
+    pid = _make_playlist(c)
+    r = c.post(f"/api/playlists/{pid}/cover", json={"image": _png_b64()})
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    cover_dir = tmp_path / "playlist_covers"
+    assert (cover_dir / f"{pid}.png").exists()
+    # The atomic-publish temp file must not linger.
+    assert not list(cover_dir.glob("*.tmp"))
+
+
+def test_undecodable_image_is_a_400_without_leaking(client):
+    c, _ = client
+    pid = _make_playlist(c)
+    # valid base64, not a valid image
+    r = c.post(f"/api/playlists/{pid}/cover", json={"image": base64.b64encode(b"not an image").decode()})
+    assert r.status_code == 400
+    body = r.json()["error"]
+    assert body == "Invalid image"          # generic — no exception detail echoed
+    assert "playlist_covers" not in body    # no filesystem path leak
+
+
+def test_save_failure_is_a_500_not_a_400(client, monkeypatch):
+    """A persistence failure (here: Image.save raising) must be a logged 500,
+    not a 400 — the whole point of the decode/persist split. Negative-checks
+    against the pre-fix behavior, which returned 400 for exactly this."""
+    c, tmp_path = client
+    pid = _make_playlist(c)
+    payload = _png_b64()                     # build BEFORE patching save
+
+    def boom(self, fp, *a, **k):
+        raise OSError("disk full")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(Image.Image, "save", boom)
+    r = c.post(f"/api/playlists/{pid}/cover", json={"image": payload})
+
+    assert r.status_code == 500
+    assert "disk full" not in r.json()["error"]           # no internal detail
+    assert not list((tmp_path / "playlist_covers").glob("*.tmp"))  # temp cleaned up
+
+
+def test_temp_creation_failure_is_a_500(client, monkeypatch):
+    """mkstemp raising (unwritable dir / full disk) must hit the same logged 500
+    path as a save failure, not escape as an unhandled server error."""
+    import tempfile as _tempfile
+
+    c, _ = client
+    pid = _make_playlist(c)
+    payload = _png_b64()
+
+    def boom(*a, **k):
+        raise OSError("read-only file system")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(_tempfile, "mkstemp", boom)
+    r = c.post(f"/api/playlists/{pid}/cover", json={"image": payload})
+    assert r.status_code == 500
+    assert "read-only" not in r.json()["error"]
+
+
+def test_upload_to_missing_playlist_is_404(client):
+    c, _ = client
+    r = c.post("/api/playlists/9999/cover", json={"image": _png_b64()})
+    assert r.status_code == 404

tests/test_playlists_api.py

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ import sys
 import pytest
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
 
+# Moved to routers/playlists in R3; reads appstate.config_dir, which the
+# `server` fixture configures via CONFIG_DIR before this is called.
+from routers.playlists import _playlist_cover_path
+
 
 @pytest.fixture()
 def server(tmp_path, monkeypatch, isolate_logging):
@@ -168,6 +172,6 @@ def test_cover_rejects_non_string_image_with_400_not_500(client):
 def test_deleting_playlist_removes_custom_cover(client, server):
     pid = client.post("/api/playlists", json={"name": "Doomed"}).json()["id"]
     client.post(f"/api/playlists/{pid}/cover", json={"image": _png_b64()})
-    assert server._playlist_cover_path(pid).exists()
+    assert _playlist_cover_path(pid).exists()
     client.delete(f"/api/playlists/{pid}")
-    assert not server._playlist_cover_path(pid).exists()
+    assert not _playlist_cover_path(pid).exists()

tests/test_ws_highway_disconnect.py

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+"""A client that disconnects mid-stream is routine, not a logged error.
+
+The highway WS streams ~15 message batches before its keep-alive loop. A
+disconnect during that streaming used to fall through to the blanket
+`except Exception` and log `highway_ws unhandled error`. The dedicated
+`except WebSocketDisconnect: return` makes it quiet.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import importlib
+import json
+import logging
+import sys
+
+import pytest
+import yaml
+from fastapi import WebSocketDisconnect
+
+
+def _write_sloppak(dlc_root):
+    pak = dlc_root / "disc.sloppak"
+    pak.mkdir(parents=True)
+    (pak / "arrangements").mkdir()
+    (pak / "arrangements" / "lead.json").write_text(json.dumps({
+        "notes": [], "chords": [], "anchors": [], "handshapes": [],
+        "templates": [], "beats": [{"time": 0.0, "measure": 1}],
+        "sections": [{"name": "intro", "number": 1, "time": 0.0}],
+    }))
+    (pak / "manifest.yaml").write_text(yaml.safe_dump({
+        "title": "Disc", "artist": "T", "album": "", "year": 2026, "duration": 10.0,
+        "arrangements": [{"id": "lead", "name": "Lead", "file": "arrangements/lead.json"}],
+        "stems": [],
+    }, sort_keys=False))
+    return pak
+
+
+class _DisconnectingWS:
+    """Accepts, then raises WebSocketDisconnect on the first streamed send —
+    i.e. a client that drops mid-stream."""
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.sends = 0
+
+    async def accept(self):
+        pass
+
+    async def send_json(self, data):
+        self.sends += 1
+        # Raise only on the FIRST send. If the handler wrongly kept streaming
+        # after catching the disconnect, later sends would succeed and `sends`
+        # would climb past 1 — the exactly-one assertion catches that.
+        if self.sends == 1:
+            raise WebSocketDisconnect(code=1001)
+
+    async def receive_text(self):
+        raise WebSocketDisconnect(code=1001)
+
+    async def close(self):
+        pass
+
+
+@pytest.fixture()
+def server(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    (tmp_path / "dlc").mkdir()
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CONFIG_DIR", str(tmp_path / "config"))
+    monkeypatch.setenv("DLC_DIR", str(tmp_path / "dlc"))
+    monkeypatch.setenv("FEEDBACK_SKIP_STARTUP_TASKS", "1")
+    sys.modules.pop("server", None)
+    mod = importlib.import_module("server")
+    yield mod, tmp_path / "dlc"
+    conn = getattr(getattr(mod, "meta_db", None), "conn", None)
+    if conn is not None:
+        getattr(mod, "_join_background_db_threads", lambda: None)()
+        conn.close()
+    sys.modules.pop("server", None)
+
+
+class _Capture(logging.Handler):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.messages = []
+
+    def emit(self, record):
+        self.messages.append(record.getMessage())
+
+
+def test_midstream_disconnect_is_not_logged_as_error(server):
+    """The first streamed send (`loading`) raises WebSocketDisconnect; the
+    handler must return quietly, not log `highway_ws unhandled error`.
+
+    A raw handler on `feedBack.server` is used rather than pytest's `caplog`
+    because `configure_logging()` (run at server import) reroutes that logger
+    through the structlog pipeline, which caplog's fixture doesn't observe.
+    """
+    _server, dlc = server
+    _write_sloppak(dlc)
+    from routers.ws_highway import highway_ws
+
+    cap = _Capture()
+    cap.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
+    lg = logging.getLogger("feedBack.server")
+    lg.addHandler(cap)
+    try:
+        ws = _DisconnectingWS()
+        asyncio.run(highway_ws(ws, "disc.sloppak", arrangement=0))  # must not raise
+    finally:
+        lg.removeHandler(cap)
+
+    assert ws.sends == 1, f"handler kept streaming after the disconnect ({ws.sends} sends)"
+    unhandled = [m for m in cap.messages if "highway_ws unhandled error" in m]
+    assert not unhandled, f"disconnect logged as unhandled error: {unhandled}"