refactor(app): give the <audio> element a module of its own (R3a)

static/js/audio-el.js — one exported const. app.js's diff is 5 lines.
This is a HINGE, not a carve: nothing shrinks, but almost everything left in
app.js is blocked behind it.

WHY. `audio` is `document.getElementById('audio')` with 162 references in app.js
and 173 outside any one cluster. Every remaining cluster measured — settings,
app-updates, count-in (208 fns), exit-confirm (212), library-render (220) — lists
`audio` among its inbound symbols, because they all touch playback and playback
reaches for the element directly. A module that needs it cannot import app.js to
get it (that closes a cycle and fails import-x/no-cycle), so today the only way to
carve any of them would be a host seam — the exact thing #878 had to build and
#880 had to tear out.

WHY IT'S SAFE. `audio` is a `const` and is NEVER reassigned anywhere in core, so a
read-only import binding is exactly right and no state container is needed. The
162 call sites are untouched — the binding keeps its name, it is just imported
instead of declared. (Contrast the reassigned scalars — isPlaying, _avOffsetMs —
which CANNOT be shared this way: an imported binding cannot be written to. Those
still need containers, and that is the next problem, not this one.)

TIMING. app.js is <script type="module">, so it evaluates after the HTML is parsed
and its imports evaluate just before its body — the same moment app.js used to run
this exact lookup. If the element had not been in the document, `audio` would be
null and app.js's top-level `audio.addEventListener(...)` calls would throw and
kill the module. They don't.

VERIFIED WITH REAL PLAYBACK, not a boot check. A/B against origin/main in two
browsers: app alive with zero page errors (which is itself the proof the import
resolved), #audio is an AUDIO element, togglePlay/seekBy live, and playSong() on a
real library song sets audio.src and the element reports a duration — IDENTICAL on
both sides.

pytest 2396, node 1038/1038, ESLint 0 (no-cycle clean), tailwind clean, Codex 0.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

eslint.config.js

@@ -43,12 +43,19 @@ module.exports = [
         languageOptions: { ecmaVersion: 'latest', sourceType: 'script' },
         rules: { 'max-lines': sizeRule(1500) },
     },
-    // ES-module graphs (a plugin's src/ tree, .mjs tests): module parsing + the
-    // acyclic-imports hard gate + the size norm. A migrated bundled plugin's
-    // entry `import './src/main.js'` screen.js must parse as a module — add its
-    // glob here in that plugin's migration PR (classic screen.js stays a script).
+    // ES-module graphs (a plugin's src/ tree, .mjs tests, core's own static/js/
+    // tree): module parsing + the acyclic-imports hard gate + the size norm. A
+    // migrated bundled plugin's entry `import './src/main.js'` screen.js must
+    // parse as a module — add its glob here in that plugin's migration PR
+    // (classic screen.js stays a script).
+    //
+    // `static/app.js` is listed explicitly: it is served as
+    // <script type="module"> (R3a) and now `import`s its carved-out modules, so
+    // parsing it as a script would be a syntax error. It is the ENTRY of core's
+    // module graph, which is what makes no-cycle meaningful here — a carved
+    // module that imports app.js back would close a cycle and fail this gate.
     {
-        files: ['**/src/**/*.js', '**/*.mjs'],
+        files: ['**/src/**/*.js', '**/*.mjs', 'static/app.js', 'static/js/**/*.js'],
         languageOptions: { ecmaVersion: 'latest', sourceType: 'module' },
         plugins: { 'import-x': importX },
         // v4 flat-config resolver (resolver-next + createNodeResolver). Without

server.py

@@ -2386,7 +2386,25 @@ app.include_router(ws_highway.router)
 
 
 
-app.mount("/static", StaticFiles(directory=str(STATIC_DIR)), name="static")
+class _RevalidatedStaticFiles(StaticFiles):
+    """StaticFiles that forces conditional revalidation on every request.
+
+    Without Cache-Control, Chromium applies heuristic freshness (10% of the
+    file's age since Last-Modified) and serves /static/app.js from its disk
+    cache for hours-to-days without asking the server. In the desktop app that
+    meant a new build's renderer ran the PREVIOUS build's app.js — the
+    2026-07-11 ASIO investigation lost a day to a stale loader that couldn't
+    even load module plugins. `no-cache` does NOT disable caching: the browser
+    keeps the cached copy and revalidates with If-None-Match; unchanged files
+    still cost only a 304."""
+
+    async def get_response(self, path, scope):
+        response = await super().get_response(path, scope)
+        response.headers.setdefault("Cache-Control", "no-cache")
+        return response
+
+
+app.mount("/static", _RevalidatedStaticFiles(directory=str(STATIC_DIR)), name="static")
 
 
 @app.get("/")

static/audio-mixer.js

@@ -519,7 +519,9 @@ window.feedBack.audio = Object.assign(window.feedBack.audio || {}, {
     readSongVolume: _readSongVolume,
 });
 
-if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+// `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+// evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
     document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', _init);
 } else {
     _init();

static/capabilities/interface-scale.js

@@ -111,7 +111,9 @@
 
     // Announce once after the document parses, so any listener wired during page
     // load can sync without special-casing (consumers may also just call get()).
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', announce, { once: true });
     } else {
         announce();

static/js/audio-el.js

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// The one <audio> element the whole app plays through.
+//
+// This exists so that code carved out of app.js can reach the player without
+// importing app.js back — which would close a cycle and fail the import-x/no-cycle
+// gate. It is the same handle app.js has always held (`document.getElementById`
+// on the element in the shell), just given a home of its own.
+//
+// It is deliberately a `const`, and it is never reassigned anywhere in core — so a
+// read-only import binding is exactly right, and no state container is needed.
+// (Contrast the reassigned scalars — isPlaying, _avOffsetMs, … — which cannot be
+// shared this way, because an imported binding cannot be written to.)
+//
+// Module scripts evaluate after the HTML is parsed, so the element is already in
+// the document by the time this runs. app.js is loaded as <script type="module">,
+// and its imports evaluate before its body — the same point at which app.js used
+// to run this exact lookup itself.
+export const audio = document.getElementById('audio');

static/js/diagnostics-export.js

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+// The diagnostics-bundle export — the Settings "Export diagnostics" flow.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). A LEAF module: imports nothing.
+// It snapshots the browser-only state (console ring buffer, hardware probe,
+// localStorage, ua) via window.feedBack.diagnostics, POSTs it to
+// /api/diagnostics/export with the user's include/redact toggles, and streams the
+// returned zip to disk. Bundle layout + schemas: docs/diagnostics-bundle-spec.md.
+//
+// Everything except the two entry points is module-private — the preview
+// renderer, the file-label table, and the byte/HTML formatters are used nowhere
+// else in core.
+
+//
+// Companion to Settings export but for troubleshooting bug reports.
+// Bundle layout + schemas: docs/diagnostics-bundle-spec.md.
+//
+// Frontend's job is to:
+//   1. Snapshot the browser-only state (console ring buffer, hardware
+//      probe, localStorage, ua) via window.feedBack.diagnostics.
+//   2. POST it to /api/diagnostics/export with the user's include /
+//      redact toggles.
+//   3. Stream the returned zip to disk.
+
+function _diagIncludeFromUI() {
+    const v = (id) => document.getElementById(id)?.checked !== false;
+    return {
+        system: v('diag-incl-system'),
+        hardware: v('diag-incl-hardware'),
+        logs: v('diag-incl-logs'),
+        console: v('diag-incl-console'),
+        plugins: v('diag-incl-plugins'),
+    };
+}
+
+function _diagRedactFromUI() {
+    const el = document.getElementById('diag-redact');
+    return el ? !!el.checked : true;
+}
+
+// Map raw file paths inside the bundle to plain-English labels +
+// descriptions for the preview UI. Only paths that show up in
+// previews need entries — unknown paths fall back to the path itself.
+const _DIAG_FILE_LABELS = {
+    'system/version.json':   { label: 'App version',    desc: 'FeedBack version, Python, OS' },
+    'system/env.json':       { label: 'Environment',    desc: 'Allowlisted env vars (LOG_LEVEL, etc.). No secrets.' },
+    'system/hardware.json':  { label: 'Hardware (server-side)', desc: 'CPU, RAM, GPU. In Docker this reflects the container, not the host.' },
+    'system/plugins.json':   { label: 'Plugins',        desc: 'Loaded plugins + git commit + orphan detection.' },
+    'logs/server.log':       { label: 'Server log',     desc: 'Tail of LOG_FILE (last ~5 MB).' },
+    'logs/server.log.meta.json': { label: 'Log metadata', desc: 'Log file path, size, rotation info.' },
+    'client/console.json':   { label: 'Browser console', desc: 'console.log/warn/error transcript + window errors.' },
+    'client/hardware.json':  { label: 'Hardware (browser)', desc: 'WebGL/WebGPU adapter, host OS via userAgent.' },
+    'client/local_storage.json': { label: 'Browser storage', desc: 'localStorage contents (preferences).' },
+    'client/ua.json':        { label: 'User agent',     desc: 'Browser, screen, page URL.' },
+};
+
+function _formatBytes(n) {
+    if (!n || n < 1024) return (n || 0) + ' B';
+    if (n < 1024 * 1024) return (n / 1024).toFixed(1) + ' KB';
+    return (n / (1024 * 1024)).toFixed(1) + ' MB';
+}
+
+function _escapeHtml(s) {
+    return String(s || '').replace(/[&<>"']/g, c => ({
+        '&': '&amp;', '<': '&lt;', '>': '&gt;', '"': '&quot;', "'": '&#39;',
+    }[c]));
+}
+
+function _renderDiagPreview(data) {
+    const m = data.manifest || {};
+    const files = m.files || [];
+    const groups = { system: [], logs: [], client: [], plugins: [], other: [] };
+    for (const f of files) {
+        const top = (f.path || '').split('/')[0];
+        (groups[top] || groups.other).push(f);
+    }
+    const totalBytes = files.reduce((s, f) => s + (f.size || 0), 0);
+    const include = _diagIncludeFromUI();
+    const redact = _diagRedactFromUI();
+
+    const sections = [];
+    // Per-file `summary` (server-derived) → human one-liner.
+    function _summaryLine(path, summary) {
+        if (!summary || typeof summary !== 'object') return '';
+        if (path === 'system/plugins.json') {
+            const loaded = summary.loaded_count || 0;
+            const orphans = summary.orphan_count || 0;
+            const orphPart = orphans ? ` · <span class="text-amber-400">${orphans} orphan${orphans === 1 ? '' : 's'}</span>` : '';
+            return `${loaded} plugin${loaded === 1 ? '' : 's'} loaded${orphPart}`;
+        }
+        if (path === 'client/console.json') {
+            const total = summary.entry_count || 0;
+            const lvl = summary.by_level || {};
+            const parts = [];
+            for (const k of ['error','warn','info','log','debug']) {
+                if (lvl[k]) parts.push(`${lvl[k]} ${k}`);
+            }
+            return `${total} entries${parts.length ? ' (' + parts.join(', ') + ')' : ''}`;
+        }
+        if (path === 'system/hardware.json') {
+            const bits = [];
+            if (summary.cpu_brand) bits.push(summary.cpu_brand);
+            if (summary.cores_logical) bits.push(`${summary.cores_logical} cores`);
+            if (summary.gpu_count) bits.push(`${summary.gpu_count} GPU`);
+            if (summary.runtime) bits.push(`runtime: ${summary.runtime}`);
+            return bits.join(' · ');
+        }
+        if (path === 'client/hardware.json') {
+            const bits = [];
+            if (summary.runtime) bits.push(summary.runtime);
+            if (summary.webgl_renderer) bits.push(summary.webgl_renderer);
+            return bits.join(' · ');
+        }
+        if (path === 'client/local_storage.json') {
+            return `${summary.key_count || 0} keys`;
+        }
+        if (path === 'system/version.json') {
+            const bits = [];
+            if (summary.feedBack) bits.push(`feedBack ${summary.feedBack}`);
+            if (summary.python) bits.push(`python ${summary.python}`);
+            if (summary.os) bits.push(summary.os);
+            return bits.join(' · ');
+        }
+        return '';
+    }
+
+    function pushSection(title, list, emptyHint) {
+        if (!list.length) {
+            if (emptyHint) {
+                sections.push(`<div class="mb-3"><div class="text-gray-300 font-semibold mb-1">${_escapeHtml(title)}</div><div class="text-gray-500">${_escapeHtml(emptyHint)}</div></div>`);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        const rows = list.map(f => {
+            const meta = _DIAG_FILE_LABELS[f.path] || { label: f.path, desc: '' };
+            const summary = _summaryLine(f.path, f.summary);
+            const summaryHtml = summary
+                ? `<div class="text-accent-light text-[10px] mt-0.5">${summary}</div>`
+                : '';
+            return `<div class="flex justify-between gap-4 py-1 border-b border-dark-600 last:border-0">
+                <div class="min-w-0">
+                    <div class="text-gray-200">${_escapeHtml(meta.label)}</div>
+                    <div class="text-gray-500 text-[10px]">${_escapeHtml(meta.desc)}</div>
+                    ${summaryHtml}
+                </div>
+                <div class="text-gray-400 text-right whitespace-nowrap">${_escapeHtml(_formatBytes(f.size))}</div>
+            </div>`;
+        }).join('');
+        sections.push(`<div class="mb-3"><div class="text-gray-300 font-semibold mb-1">${_escapeHtml(title)}</div>${rows}</div>`);
+    }
+
+    pushSection('System', groups.system, include.system ? '' : 'Skipped (toggle off)');
+    pushSection('Server logs', groups.logs, include.logs
+        ? 'No log file configured — set LOG_FILE env var to include server logs.'
+        : 'Skipped (toggle off)');
+    pushSection('Plugin diagnostics', groups.plugins, include.plugins
+        ? 'No plugins have opted in to diagnostics.'
+        : 'Skipped (toggle off)');
+
+    // Client section preview is a server-side estimate only — actual
+    // client/* payloads are added at Export time after the browser
+    // snapshots. Show what WILL be added, not file sizes.
+    const clientLines = [];
+    if (include.console) clientLines.push({ label: 'Browser console', desc: 'console.log/warn/error transcript + window errors.' });
+    if (include.hardware) clientLines.push({ label: 'Hardware (browser)', desc: 'WebGL/WebGPU adapter, host OS via userAgent.' });
+    clientLines.push({ label: 'Browser storage', desc: 'localStorage contents (preferences).' });
+    clientLines.push({ label: 'User agent', desc: 'Browser, screen, page URL.' });
+    const clientHtml = clientLines.map(c => `<div class="flex justify-between gap-4 py-1 border-b border-dark-600 last:border-0">
+        <div><div class="text-gray-200">${_escapeHtml(c.label)}</div><div class="text-gray-500 text-[10px]">${_escapeHtml(c.desc)}</div></div>
+        <div class="text-gray-500 text-right whitespace-nowrap">added on export</div>
+    </div>`).join('');
+    sections.push(`<div class="mb-3"><div class="text-gray-300 font-semibold mb-1">Browser data</div>${clientHtml}</div>`);
+
+    const notesHtml = (m.notes || []).length
+        ? `<div class="mb-3 bg-dark-600 border border-amber-500/30 rounded-lg p-2">
+              <div class="text-amber-400 text-[10px] font-semibold uppercase mb-1">Notes</div>
+              ${(m.notes).map(n => `<div class="text-gray-300 text-[11px]">• ${_escapeHtml(n)}</div>`).join('')}
+           </div>`
+        : '';
+
+    const privacyHtml = redact
+        ? `<div class="text-emerald-400 text-[11px]">🔒 Redaction enabled — paths, song names, IPs, and secrets will be replaced with stable hash tokens.</div>`
+        : `<div class="text-amber-400 text-[11px]">⚠ Redaction OFF — bundle will contain raw paths, song names, and IPs. Only share with people you trust.</div>`;
+
+    return `
+        <div class="text-[11px]">
+            <div class="flex justify-between items-baseline mb-2">
+                <div class="text-gray-200 font-semibold">${_escapeHtml(data.filename)}</div>
+                <div class="text-gray-400">${_escapeHtml(_formatBytes(totalBytes))}<span class="text-gray-600"> server-side</span></div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="text-gray-500 text-[10px] mb-3">runtime: ${_escapeHtml(m.runtime || 'unknown')} · exported_at: ${_escapeHtml(m.exported_at || '')}</div>
+            ${notesHtml}
+            ${sections.join('')}
+            ${privacyHtml}
+        </div>`;
+}
+
+export async function previewDiagnostics() {
+    const status = document.getElementById('diag-status');
+    const preview = document.getElementById('diag-preview');
+    if (!status || !preview) return;
+    status.textContent = 'Building preview…';
+    preview.classList.add('hidden');
+    const include = _diagIncludeFromUI();
+    const params = new URLSearchParams({
+        redact: String(_diagRedactFromUI()),
+        system: String(include.system),
+        hardware: String(include.hardware),
+        logs: String(include.logs),
+        console: String(include.console),
+        plugins: String(include.plugins),
+    });
+    try {
+        const resp = await fetch(`/api/diagnostics/preview?${params.toString()}`);
+        if (!resp.ok) {
+            status.textContent = `Preview failed (HTTP ${resp.status})`;
+            return;
+        }
+        const data = await resp.json();
+        preview.innerHTML = _renderDiagPreview(data);
+        preview.classList.remove('hidden');
+        status.textContent = 'Preview ready.';
+    } catch (e) {
+        status.textContent = `Preview failed: ${e.message}`;
+    }
+}
+
+export async function exportDiagnostics() {
+    const status = document.getElementById('diag-status');
+    if (!status) return;
+    status.textContent = 'Building bundle…';
+    const include = _diagIncludeFromUI();
+    const redact = _diagRedactFromUI();
+
+    const diag = window.feedBack && window.feedBack.diagnostics;
+    const body = {
+        redact,
+        include,
+        client_console: include.console && diag ? diag.snapshotConsole() : null,
+        client_hardware: include.hardware && diag ? await diag.snapshotHardware() : null,
+        client_ua: diag ? diag.snapshotUa() : null,
+        local_storage: diag ? diag.snapshotLocalStorage() : null,
+        client_contributions: diag ? diag.snapshotContributions() : null,
+    };
+
+    let resp;
+    try {
+        resp = await fetch('/api/diagnostics/export', {
+            method: 'POST',
+            headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+            body: JSON.stringify(body),
+        });
+    } catch (e) {
+        status.textContent = `Export failed: ${e.message}`;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!resp.ok) {
+        status.textContent = `Export failed (HTTP ${resp.status})`;
+        return;
+    }
+    let filename = 'feedBack-diag.zip';
+    const disp = resp.headers.get('Content-Disposition');
+    if (disp) {
+        const m = /filename="([^"]+)"/.exec(disp);
+        if (m) filename = m[1];
+    }
+    try {
+        const blob = await resp.blob();
+        const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+        const a = document.createElement('a');
+        a.href = url;
+        a.download = filename;
+        document.body.appendChild(a);
+        a.click();
+        document.body.removeChild(a);
+        URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
+        status.textContent = `Exported ${filename}`;
+    } catch (e) {
+        status.textContent = `Export failed during download: ${e.message}`;
+    }
+}

static/js/dom.js

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+// DOM + HTML-escaping primitives, and the modal dialogs built on them.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). A LEAF module: imports nothing.
+//
+// This one is a GATHER, not a slice — the six lived in six different places in
+// app.js. They belong together because they are the bottom of the UI stack:
+// `esc` / `_escAttr` alone have ~48 call sites, and every later carve that
+// renders HTML will need them. Giving them a home NOW means those carves can
+// import them instead of inventing a host seam to reach back into app.js —
+// which is exactly the trap the plugin-loader carve had to work around before
+// the viz layer became a module.
+
+export function _isElementVisible(el) {
+    // Walk ancestors looking for display:none. Handles collapsed
+    // `.album-body` / `.artist-body` subtrees (hidden via CSS class
+    // rules). Using a DOM walk rather than `offsetParent` avoids the
+    // false-negative for `position:fixed` elements whose offsetParent
+    // is null even when they are perfectly visible.
+    if (!el) return false;
+    let node = el;
+    while (node && node !== document.body) {
+        if (getComputedStyle(node).display === 'none') return false;
+        node = node.parentElement;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Focus trap: keep Tab / Shift+Tab cycling inside `modal` so focus
+// can't escape to the content underneath while the overlay is open.
+// Call this once after the modal is in the DOM and initial focus is set.
+export function _trapFocusInModal(modal) {
+    const FOCUSABLE = 'a[href], button:not([disabled]), input:not([disabled]), select:not([disabled]), textarea:not([disabled]), [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])';
+    modal.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
+        if (e.key !== 'Tab') return;
+        const els = Array.from(modal.querySelectorAll(FOCUSABLE)).filter(el => {
+            if (!_isElementVisible(el)) return false;
+            if (getComputedStyle(el).visibility === 'hidden') return false;
+            if (el.disabled) return false;
+            return true;
+        });
+        if (!els.length) return;
+        const first = els[0];
+        const last = els[els.length - 1];
+        if (e.shiftKey) {
+            if (document.activeElement === first) { e.preventDefault(); last.focus(); }
+        } else {
+            if (document.activeElement === last) { e.preventDefault(); first.focus(); }
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+// Styled async confirm dialog. Returns a Promise<boolean>. For destructive
+// prompts pass `danger: true` — confirm button turns red and Cancel gets
+// initial focus so an accidental Enter won't fire the action. `body` is
+// inserted as HTML so callers can use formatting; callers are responsible
+// for escaping any user-supplied content in it (use _escAttr).
+export function _confirmDialog({ title, body = '', confirmText = 'Confirm', cancelText = 'Cancel', danger = false } = {}) {
+    return new Promise((resolve) => {
+        const previouslyFocused = document.activeElement;
+        const modal = document.createElement('div');
+        modal.className = 'feedBack-modal fixed inset-0 z-[250] flex items-center justify-center bg-black/70 backdrop-blur-sm';
+        modal.setAttribute('role', 'alertdialog');
+        modal.setAttribute('aria-modal', 'true');
+        modal.setAttribute('aria-label', title || 'Confirm');
+        const confirmClass = danger
+            ? 'flex-1 bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-500 px-4 py-2 rounded-xl text-sm font-semibold text-white transition focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-red-400/60'
+            : 'flex-1 bg-accent hover:bg-accent-light px-4 py-2 rounded-xl text-sm font-semibold text-white transition focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-accent/60';
+        modal.innerHTML = `
+            <div class="bg-dark-700 border border-gray-700 rounded-2xl p-6 w-full max-w-sm mx-4 shadow-2xl">
+                <h3 class="text-lg font-bold text-white mb-3">${_escAttr(title || '')}</h3>
+                <div class="mb-5">${body}</div>
+                <div class="flex gap-3">
+                    <button type="button" data-confirm class="${confirmClass}">${_escAttr(confirmText)}</button>
+                    <button type="button" data-cancel class="px-4 py-2 bg-dark-600 hover:bg-dark-500 rounded-xl text-sm text-gray-300 transition focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-gray-500/40">${_escAttr(cancelText)}</button>
+                </div>
+            </div>`;
+        document.body.appendChild(modal);
+
+        function finish(result) {
+            modal.remove();
+            document.removeEventListener('keydown', onKey, true);
+            if (previouslyFocused && document.body.contains(previouslyFocused)) {
+                try { previouslyFocused.focus({ preventScroll: true }); } catch {}
+            }
+            resolve(result);
+        }
+        function onKey(e) {
+            if (e.key === 'Escape') { e.preventDefault(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); finish(false); }
+            else if (e.key === 'Enter' && document.activeElement === modal.querySelector('[data-confirm]')) {
+                e.preventDefault(); finish(true);
+            }
+        }
+        modal.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+            if (e.target === modal) finish(false);
+            else if (e.target.closest('[data-confirm]')) finish(true);
+            else if (e.target.closest('[data-cancel]')) finish(false);
+        });
+        document.addEventListener('keydown', onKey, true);
+        _trapFocusInModal(modal);
+        // Focus Cancel by default for destructive prompts so an accidental
+        // Enter / Space won't fire the dangerous action; otherwise focus
+        // the confirm button so Enter accepts.
+        const focusTarget = modal.querySelector(danger ? '[data-cancel]' : '[data-confirm]');
+        if (focusTarget) focusTarget.focus({ preventScroll: true });
+    });
+}
+
+export function esc(s) {
+    const d = document.createElement('div');
+    d.textContent = s;
+    return d.innerHTML;
+}
+
+// `esc()` escapes the HTML-content metacharacters (<, >, &) but not
+// quotes — fine for text-node interpolation but unsafe when the
+// result is used as an attribute value, where a literal `"` ends the
+// attribute early. Use `_escAttr` for any `attr="${...}"` site.
+export function _escAttr(s) {
+    return esc(s == null ? '' : String(s))
+        .replace(/"/g, '&quot;')
+        .replace(/'/g, '&#39;');
+}
+
+// In-app text prompt — replaces window.prompt(), which Electron does NOT
+// implement (it logs "prompt() is and will not be supported" and returns null),
+// so any prompt()-based flow is a silent no-op on desktop. Returns the entered
+// string, or null if cancelled (Esc / Cancel / backdrop). Styled to match the
+// edit modal; role=dialog so the global keyboard shortcuts ignore typing here.
+// Injection-safe: all caller text is set via textContent / value, never innerHTML.
+export function uiPrompt({ title = '', label = '', value = '', okLabel = 'Save', placeholder = '' } = {}) {
+    return new Promise((resolve) => {
+        const modal = document.createElement('div');
+        modal.className = 'feedBack-modal fixed inset-0 z-[200] flex items-center justify-center bg-black/70 backdrop-blur-sm';
+        modal.setAttribute('role', 'dialog');
+        modal.setAttribute('aria-modal', 'true');
+        if (title) modal.setAttribute('aria-label', title);
+        modal.innerHTML = `
+            <form class="bg-dark-700 border border-gray-700 rounded-2xl p-6 w-full max-w-sm mx-4 shadow-2xl">
+                <h3 class="text-lg font-bold text-white mb-4" data-ui-prompt-title hidden></h3>
+                <label class="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-1 block" data-ui-prompt-label hidden></label>
+                <input type="text" data-ui-prompt-input autocomplete="off"
+                    class="w-full bg-dark-600 border border-gray-700 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-200 outline-none focus:border-accent/50">
+                <div class="flex gap-3 mt-5">
+                    <button type="submit"
+                        class="flex-1 bg-accent hover:bg-accent-light px-4 py-2 rounded-xl text-sm font-semibold text-white transition" data-ui-prompt-ok></button>
+                    <button type="button" data-ui-prompt-cancel
+                        class="px-4 py-2 bg-dark-600 hover:bg-dark-500 rounded-xl text-sm text-gray-300 transition">Cancel</button>
+                </div>
+            </form>`;
+        const titleEl = modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-title]');
+        const labelEl = modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-label]');
+        const input = modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-input]');
+        const okEl = modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-ok]');
+        if (title) { titleEl.textContent = title; titleEl.hidden = false; }
+        if (label) { labelEl.textContent = label; labelEl.hidden = false; }
+        okEl.textContent = okLabel;
+        input.value = value;
+        if (placeholder) input.placeholder = placeholder;
+
+        // Restore focus to wherever it was when we're done (matches the edit
+        // modal's behavior so keyboard users aren't dumped at the page top).
+        const previousActiveElement = document.activeElement;
+        const focusables = () => Array.from(
+            modal.querySelectorAll('input, button, [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])'),
+        ).filter((el) => !el.disabled && el.offsetParent !== null);
+
+        let settled = false;
+        const close = (result) => {
+            if (settled) return;
+            settled = true;
+            document.removeEventListener('keydown', onKey, true);
+            modal.remove();
+            if (previousActiveElement && typeof previousActiveElement.focus === 'function') {
+                previousActiveElement.focus();
+            }
+            resolve(result);
+        };
+        const onKey = (e) => {
+            if (e.key === 'Escape') { e.preventDefault(); e.stopPropagation(); close(null); return; }
+            // Trap Tab inside the modal so focus can't wander to the page behind it.
+            if (e.key === 'Tab') {
+                const items = focusables();
+                if (!items.length) return;
+                const first = items[0];
+                const last = items[items.length - 1];
+                const active = document.activeElement;
+                if (e.shiftKey && (active === first || !modal.contains(active))) {
+                    e.preventDefault(); last.focus();
+                } else if (!e.shiftKey && (active === last || !modal.contains(active))) {
+                    e.preventDefault(); first.focus();
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        modal.querySelector('form').addEventListener('submit', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); close(input.value); });
+        modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-cancel]').addEventListener('click', () => close(null));
+        // Backdrop (overlay itself, not the panel) cancels.
+        modal.addEventListener('mousedown', (e) => { if (e.target === modal) close(null); });
+        document.addEventListener('keydown', onKey, true);
+        document.body.appendChild(modal);
+        input.focus();
+        input.select();
+    });
+}

static/js/highway-colors.js

@@ -0,0 +1,601 @@
+// Highway string colours — user theming for the 2D + bundled 3D highways.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). A LEAF module: imports nothing.
+//
+// Slot→hex colours (per named string slot, so a 6-string map survives a 4-string
+// bass and a 7-string's Low B), named themes in localStorage, a copy/paste share
+// code, and the Settings-screen picker UI. The highways colour by raw string
+// INDEX, so a translation table maps named slots → per-index colours for the
+// current arrangement, recomputed whenever a song loads.
+//
+// Exports exactly two entry points; the other 43 symbols (the HWC_* tables, the
+// theme store, the picker handlers, the window.feedBack facade) are used nowhere
+// else in core and stay private. The Settings buttons are wired by
+// addEventListener inside hwcInitSettingsUI — there are no inline on*= handlers
+// here, so nothing needs re-exposing on window.
+//
+// It does import uiPrompt from ./dom.js (the "name this theme" prompt) — which is
+// precisely why dom.js was carved out first: without it this module would have
+// needed a host seam back into app.js.
+import { uiPrompt } from './dom.js';
+
+// Colors are assigned per NAMED string (Low E, A, D, G, B, High E, plus the
+// extended low strings of 7/8-string guitars), so a string keeps its color
+// when the string count changes (e.g. Low E stays the same from a 6-string
+// guitar to a 4-string bass, and on a 7-string the extra Low B takes the
+// 7-string slot rather than bumping every color over). The highways color by
+// raw string INDEX, so a small translation table maps named slots → per-index
+// colors for the current arrangement; this is recomputed whenever a song loads
+// (its string count / bass-vs-guitar may differ). Applies to BOTH the 2D and
+// bundled 3D highway; stored client-side; shared via a copy/paste code.
+const HWC_KEY_ACTIVE = 'highwayStringColors';    // JSON slot→hex map (active)
+const HWC_KEY_THEMES = 'highwayColorThemes';     // { "<name>": {slot:hex} }
+const HWC_KEY_NAME = 'highwayColorActiveName';   // selected saved theme name, or ''
+const HWC_HEX_RE = /^#[0-9a-fA-F]{6}$/;
+
+// Named color slots, in display order (high → low, then extended low strings).
+const HWC_SLOTS = [
+    { key: 'highE', label: 'High E', sub: '1st' },
+    { key: 'B', label: 'B', sub: '2nd' },
+    { key: 'G', label: 'G', sub: '3rd' },
+    { key: 'D', label: 'D', sub: '4th' },
+    { key: 'A', label: 'A', sub: '5th' },
+    { key: 'lowE', label: 'Low E', sub: '6th / lowest' },
+    { key: 'low7', label: 'Low B', sub: '7-string' },
+    { key: 'low8', label: 'Low F#', sub: '8-string' },
+];
+const HWC_SLOT_KEYS = HWC_SLOTS.map((s) => s.key);
+// Hardcoded fallback (matches the highway defaults) for before the 2D highway
+// is queryable.
+const HWC_DEFAULT_FALLBACK = { lowE: '#cc0000', A: '#cca800', D: '#0066cc', G: '#cc6600', B: '#00cc66', highE: '#9900cc', low7: '#cc00aa', low8: '#00cccc' };
+
+// One-click string-color presets. Each is a full named-slot → hex map (every
+// slot, so 7/8-string charts get a sensible color too) keyed by the same slot
+// names as HWC_SLOTS, so "Low E" always lands on the lowE slot regardless of
+// string count. Hues are chosen for the dark scene (~#080810): each color is
+// bright enough to read on black and distinct from its neighbours.
+//   - warmcool: an ordered low→high spectrum (warm reds at the bass end →
+//     cool blues/violet at the treble end) so pitch reads as color temperature.
+//   - vivid: punchier, higher-saturation take on the classic mapping for a
+//     stage-bright look.
+//   - colorblind: the Okabe–Ito accessible qualitative palette (vermillion,
+//     orange, yellow, bluish-green, sky-blue, blue, reddish-purple), the most
+//     distinguishable option for deuteranopia/protanopia.
+//   - colorblind_deuteranope: a deuteranope-tuned variant of the Okabe–Ito set
+//     above, contributed by a deuteranopic player who still found that set hard
+//     to separate. Retunes the six main strings (red / yellow-green / blue /
+//     orange / teal / deep-purple) and keeps its 7/8-string colors unchanged.
+//   - neon: electric, max-saturation hues whose LIGHTNESS deliberately zig-zags
+//     between neighbours (bright→bright→brightest→dark blue→bright green→dark
+//     violet) so adjacent strings separate harder than vivid — a stage/stream
+//     "pop" set, not a vivid duplicate.
+//   - accessible: a CVD-safe set ORDERED by ascending lightness low→high (deep
+//     blue → vermilion → azure → orange → yellow → cream). Unlike the unordered
+//     Okabe–Ito 'colorblind' set, the value ramp teaches pitch low→high AND
+//     survives grayscale/colorblindness; no red/green pair carries meaning.
+//   - ember: a warm, lower-intensity family for long sessions, luminance-stepped
+//     from rust/ember at the bass through warm gold to cream at the treble. The
+//     bass embers stay light enough to clear the near-black scene.
+//   - tapedeck: a vintage-print, slightly desaturated ochre-tinted family
+//     (rust-red → mustard → avocado → teal → faded denim → dusty plum). Muted
+//     hues collapse, so neighbour LIGHTNESS deliberately zig-zags to keep the
+//     dusty mid-strings (avocado/teal/denim) distinct on the dark board.
+//   - crtgreen / crtamber: monochrome CRT-phosphor families (green / amber)
+//     stepped by STRICT ASCENDING LIGHTNESS low→high. Mono sets collapse on hue,
+//     so lightness alone carries the ordering. Verified to stay legible even on
+//     the matching phosphor scene board (green-on-green / amber-on-amber).
+//   - pitchramp: a smooth low→high hue sweep (violet → blue → teal → green →
+//     yellow → warm-white) with rising lightness — memorable + teaches order.
+//   - sunrise: a soft dawn gradient (plum → rose → coral → amber → gold → cream),
+//     warm and lower-intensity, lightness-stepped low→high.
+const HWC_PRESETS = [
+    {
+        id: 'warmcool', label: 'Warm → Cool',
+        colors: { lowE: '#ff3b30', A: '#ff7a18', D: '#ffc400', G: '#36c46a', B: '#2196f3', highE: '#9b5cff', low7: '#ff2d78', low8: '#00c2c7' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'vivid', label: 'Vivid',
+        colors: { lowE: '#ff2222', A: '#ffd000', D: '#1e8bff', G: '#ff7a00', B: '#16d65a', highE: '#b24bff', low7: '#ff3cc0', low8: '#15d8d8' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'colorblind', label: 'Colorblind-friendly',
+        colors: { lowE: '#d55e00', A: '#e69f00', D: '#f0e442', G: '#009e73', B: '#56b4e9', highE: '#cc79a7', low7: '#0072b2', low8: '#999999' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'colorblind_deuteranope', label: 'Colorblind (deuteranope)',
+        colors: { lowE: '#aa1414', A: '#88de00', D: '#1889e3', G: '#c6601c', B: '#00f5b2', highE: '#4d2173', low7: '#0072b2', low8: '#999999' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'neon', label: 'Neon',
+        colors: { lowE: '#ff1f4e', A: '#ff9d00', D: '#e9ff00', G: '#1844ff', B: '#00ff84', highE: '#d000ff', low7: '#ff00aa', low8: '#00f0ff' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'accessible', label: 'Accessible (ordered)',
+        colors: { lowE: '#2453c0', A: '#c44a00', D: '#3f93cf', G: '#ec9a1e', B: '#f2d43c', highE: '#f5eecb', low7: '#173f96', low8: '#0f2c6b' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'ember', label: 'Warm Ember',
+        colors: { lowE: '#c0392b', A: '#e0552a', D: '#ef7d2e', G: '#f6a13a', B: '#f4c95d', highE: '#f7e3a8', low7: '#9e2f23', low8: '#7d2418' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'tapedeck', label: 'Tape Deck',
+        colors: { lowE: '#b04632', A: '#d8ad42', D: '#5f7a34', G: '#54b3a6', B: '#5e83ad', highE: '#b98abb', low7: '#8f3526', low8: '#6f2a1e' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'crtgreen', label: 'CRT Green',
+        colors: { lowE: '#0a5a23', A: '#108a30', D: '#1fb53f', G: '#3ad94f', B: '#74f06a', highE: '#c7ffb0', low7: '#08491c', low8: '#063514' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'crtamber', label: 'CRT Amber',
+        colors: { lowE: '#7a3a02', A: '#a85f06', D: '#cf8410', G: '#e8a82a', B: '#f4cf5e', highE: '#ffeeb8', low7: '#5f2d01', low8: '#471f00' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'pitchramp', label: 'Pitch Ramp',
+        colors: { lowE: '#7a2390', A: '#2f5ad8', D: '#1f9bc4', G: '#2fb84a', B: '#cfd22a', highE: '#f3e0c0', low7: '#5e1a78', low8: '#440f5e' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'sunrise', label: 'Sunrise',
+        colors: { lowE: '#8a3a6e', A: '#bf4a5e', D: '#e0664f', G: '#f29a55', B: '#f7c873', highE: '#fce8b8', low7: '#6e2c5c', low8: '#54214a' },
+    },
+];
+
+// Translation table: chart string index → named slot, for a given string count
+// and bass/guitar family. Mirrors the 3D highway's _baseOpenStringMidis: bass
+// shares the low strings (E A D G), 7/8-string guitars prepend lower strings,
+// and sub-6 guitars truncate from the high end. Index 0 is always the lowest.
+function _hwcSlotKeysForChart(sc, isBass) {
+    sc = Math.max(1, Math.min(8, (sc | 0) || 6));
+    if (isBass) {
+        if (sc <= 4) return ['lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G'].slice(0, sc);
+        if (sc === 5) return ['low7', 'lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G'];
+        return ['low8', 'low7', 'lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G'].slice(0, sc);
+    }
+    if (sc <= 6) return ['lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G', 'B', 'highE'].slice(0, sc);
+    if (sc === 7) return ['low7', 'lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G', 'B', 'highE'];
+    return ['low8', 'low7', 'lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G', 'B', 'highE'];
+}
+
+// Current arrangement shape (string count + bass-vs-guitar) from the 2D highway.
+function _hwcChartShape() {
+    let sc = 6, arr = '';
+    try { sc = window.highway?.getStringCount?.() || 6; } catch (_) {}
+    try { arr = window.highway?.getSongInfo?.()?.arrangement || window.feedBack?.currentSong?.arrangement || ''; } catch (_) {}
+    return { sc: Math.max(1, Math.min(8, sc)), isBass: /bass/i.test(String(arr)) };
+}
+
+// Normalize an arbitrary value to a slot→hex map of validated lowercase colors
+// (absent / invalid slots are omitted).
+function _hwcNormalize(slotMap) {
+    const out = {};
+    if (slotMap && typeof slotMap === 'object' && !Array.isArray(slotMap)) {
+        for (const k of HWC_SLOT_KEYS) {
+            const v = (typeof slotMap[k] === 'string') ? slotMap[k].trim().toLowerCase() : '';
+            if (HWC_HEX_RE.test(v)) out[k] = v;
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+// Canonical default color per named slot (the classic highway mapping).
+// Fixed, not read back from the highway (which may already be name-remapped for
+// a 7/8-string chart), so the pickers always preview the true per-name default.
+function getHighwayDefaultSlotColors() {
+    return { ...HWC_DEFAULT_FALLBACK };
+}
+
+// Active (user-customized) slot→hex map from storage ({} when none set).
+function getHighwayStringColors() {
+    try {
+        const raw = localStorage.getItem(HWC_KEY_ACTIVE);
+        if (raw) return _hwcNormalize(JSON.parse(raw));
+    } catch (_) { /* corrupt / blocked */ }
+    return {};
+}
+
+// Defaults overlaid with the user's custom slots (custom wins). Always a full
+// 8-slot map, so name-mapping has a color for every string of any arrangement.
+function _hwcMergedSlotColors() {
+    return { ...getHighwayDefaultSlotColors(), ...getHighwayStringColors() };
+}
+
+// True when the slot→index mapping is the identity (index 0 = lowest = Low E):
+// guitar ≤6 strings and 4-string bass. For these the name mapping equals the
+// stock index order, so we leave the highways on their hand-tuned defaults
+// (byte-identical) unless the user set custom colors. Extended-range charts —
+// 7/8-string guitar and 5/6-string bass — prepend lower strings (Low B/F#),
+// shifting Low E up an index, so their defaults must be name-remapped too.
+function _hwcMappingIsIdentity(sc, isBass) {
+    return isBass ? sc <= 4 : sc <= 6;
+}
+
+// Translate a full slot map into the index-keyed array the highways consume.
+function _hwcEffectiveIndexColors(slotMap, sc, isBass) {
+    const keys = _hwcSlotKeysForChart(sc, isBass);
+    return keys.map((k) => slotMap[k] || null);
+}
+
+// Persist the user's custom slot map (or clear it), then apply. Only slots that
+// actually DIFFER from the default are stored — so reverting every picker to its
+// stock color persists as empty and the identity/stock path is restored (rather
+// than pinning the highways on an all-default "custom" theme).
+function applyHighwayStringColors(slotMap, opts) {
+    const persist = !opts || opts.persist !== false;
+    const colors = _hwcNormalize(slotMap);
+    const defaults = getHighwayDefaultSlotColors();
+    const overrides = {};
+    for (const k of Object.keys(colors)) {
+        if (colors[k] !== defaults[k]) overrides[k] = colors[k];
+    }
+    if (persist) {
+        try {
+            if (Object.keys(overrides).length) localStorage.setItem(HWC_KEY_ACTIVE, JSON.stringify(overrides));
+            else localStorage.removeItem(HWC_KEY_ACTIVE);
+        } catch (_) {}
+    }
+    reapplyHighwayStringColors();
+}
+
+// Apply a named one-click string-color preset (see HWC_PRESETS) to all strings.
+// Persists + applies to both highways (via applyHighwayStringColors), then —
+// when the Settings UI is mounted — refreshes the per-string pickers so their
+// swatches show the preset's colors. Unknown id is a no-op.
+function applyHighwayStringPreset(id) {
+    const preset = HWC_PRESETS.find((p) => p.id === id);
+    if (!preset) return false;
+    applyHighwayStringColors(preset.colors);
+    try { if (typeof hwcRenderPickers === 'function') hwcRenderPickers(); } catch (_) {}
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Apply colors by NAMED string to both highways for the current arrangement.
+// Colors follow the string name regardless of count: Low E stays Low E's color
+// on a 6-, 7-, or 8-string. Defaults map identically to the stock order for
+// 6-string/bass (so those stay byte-identical); 7/8-string remaps the defaults
+// too so Low E keeps its color. The String Colors UI replaces the 3D highway's
+// old palette picker, so core always drives the 3D string colors here.
+function reapplyHighwayStringColors() {
+    const { sc, isBass } = _hwcChartShape();
+    const custom = getHighwayStringColors();
+    const hasCustom = Object.keys(custom).length > 0;
+
+    if (!hasCustom && _hwcMappingIsIdentity(sc, isBass)) {
+        // Pure stock defaults in natural order — leave the hand-tuned highway
+        // defaults intact, and make sure the 3D is on its plain default palette
+        // (clears any stale 'custom' / leftover palette selection).
+        try { window.highway?.setStringColors?.(null); } catch (_) {}
+        try {
+            if (localStorage.getItem('h3d_bg_palette') !== 'default') window.h3dBgSetPalette?.('default');
+        } catch (_) {}
+        try { window.feedBack?.emit?.('highway:stringColors', {}); } catch (_) {}
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const eff = _hwcEffectiveIndexColors(_hwcMergedSlotColors(), sc, isBass);
+    try { window.highway?.setStringColors?.(eff); } catch (_) {}
+    try { window.h3dBgSetStringColors?.(eff); } catch (_) {}
+    try { window.feedBack?.emit?.('highway:stringColors', custom); } catch (_) {}
+}
+
+function _hwcReadThemes() {
+    // Null-prototype store: theme names come from user input / share codes, so
+    // names like `constructor`/`toString`/`__proto__` must not collide with
+    // inherited Object properties or mutate the prototype.
+    try {
+        const parsed = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(HWC_KEY_THEMES) || '{}');
+        if (!parsed || typeof parsed !== 'object' || Array.isArray(parsed)) return Object.create(null);
+        const out = Object.create(null);
+        for (const [name, colors] of Object.entries(parsed)) out[name] = _hwcNormalize(colors);
+        return out;
+    } catch (_) { return Object.create(null); }
+}
+function _hwcWriteThemes(o) { try { localStorage.setItem(HWC_KEY_THEMES, JSON.stringify(o)); } catch (_) {} }
+function listHighwayColorThemes() { return Object.keys(_hwcReadThemes()); }
+function getActiveHighwayColorThemeName() { try { return localStorage.getItem(HWC_KEY_NAME) || ''; } catch (_) { return ''; } }
+
+function saveHighwayColorTheme(name, slotMap) {
+    name = String(name || '').trim();
+    if (!name) return false;
+    const o = _hwcReadThemes();
+    o[name] = _hwcNormalize(slotMap);
+    _hwcWriteThemes(o);
+    try { localStorage.setItem(HWC_KEY_NAME, name); } catch (_) {}
+    return true;
+}
+function deleteHighwayColorTheme(name) {
+    const o = _hwcReadThemes();
+    if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, name)) { delete o[name]; _hwcWriteThemes(o); }
+    if (getActiveHighwayColorThemeName() === name) { try { localStorage.removeItem(HWC_KEY_NAME); } catch (_) {} }
+}
+// Select a saved theme by name, or pass '' to revert to defaults.
+function selectHighwayColorTheme(name) {
+    if (!name) {
+        try { localStorage.removeItem(HWC_KEY_NAME); } catch (_) {}
+        applyHighwayStringColors(null);
+        return;
+    }
+    const o = _hwcReadThemes();
+    if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, name)) return;
+    try { localStorage.setItem(HWC_KEY_NAME, name); } catch (_) {}
+    applyHighwayStringColors(o[name]);
+}
+
+// Compact, paste-friendly share code: "SLOPHWY2." + base64url(JSON{n,c}) where
+// c is the named slot→hex map.
+function encodeHighwayColorShare(name, slotMap) {
+    const payload = { n: String(name || '').slice(0, 60), c: _hwcNormalize(slotMap) };
+    const json = JSON.stringify(payload);
+    let b64;
+    try { b64 = btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(json))); } catch (_) { b64 = btoa(json); }
+    return 'SLOPHWY2.' + b64.replace(/\+/g, '-').replace(/\//g, '_').replace(/=+$/, '');
+}
+function decodeHighwayColorShare(code) {
+    if (typeof code !== 'string') return null;
+    let s = code.trim();
+    // Require the exact versioned prefix. Anything else (a future/legacy
+    // SLOPHWY*, or unprefixed text) is rejected so the version boundary is real.
+    const PREFIX = 'SLOPHWY2.';
+    if (s.slice(0, PREFIX.length).toUpperCase() !== PREFIX) return null;
+    s = s.slice(PREFIX.length);
+    s = s.replace(/-/g, '+').replace(/_/g, '/');
+    while (s.length % 4) s += '=';
+    let json;
+    try { json = decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(s))); } catch (_) { try { json = atob(s); } catch (_) { return null; } }
+    let obj;
+    try { obj = JSON.parse(json); } catch (_) { return null; }
+    if (!obj || typeof obj.c !== 'object' || Array.isArray(obj.c)) return null;
+    return { name: String(obj.n || '').slice(0, 60), colors: _hwcNormalize(obj.c) };
+}
+// Import a share code: store it as a (uniquely named) saved theme and apply.
+function importHighwayColorShare(code) {
+    const parsed = decodeHighwayColorShare(code);
+    if (!parsed) return null;
+    let name = parsed.name || 'Imported';
+    const existing = _hwcReadThemes();
+    if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(existing, name)) {
+        let i = 2;
+        while (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(existing, name + ' ' + i)) i++;
+        name = name + ' ' + i;
+    }
+    saveHighwayColorTheme(name, parsed.colors);
+    applyHighwayStringColors(parsed.colors);
+    return { name, colors: parsed.colors };
+}
+
+// Startup: apply persisted colors to the 2D highway immediately and re-apply on
+// every song load (string count / bass-vs-guitar can change the slot→index
+// mapping) and whenever a viz renderer (re)initializes (the 3D loads async +
+// rebuilds per song, so a one-shot apply could land before it exists).
+let _hwcWired = false;
+export function initHighwayColors() {
+    reapplyHighwayStringColors();
+    if (!_hwcWired && window.feedBack && typeof window.feedBack.on === 'function') {
+        _hwcWired = true;
+        window.feedBack.on('viz:renderer:ready', reapplyHighwayStringColors);
+        window.feedBack.on('song:loaded', reapplyHighwayStringColors);
+        window.feedBack.on('song:ready', reapplyHighwayStringColors);
+    }
+    _hwcInstallFacade();
+}
+
+// ── Public plugin API: window.feedBack.highwayColors ─────────────────────
+// A stable, documented facade over the (otherwise private) string-color
+// manager so plugins can read / react to / set the user's per-string colors
+// without reaching into internals. This is a synchronous data-plane API, not a
+// capability domain — consistent with the constitution keeping highway/viz
+// surfaces off the capability graph until a dedicated render-facade slice
+// lands. Colors are keyed by NAMED string slot (see `slots`); use
+// `keysForChart`/`toEffective` to map names → per-string-index for a given
+// arrangement. See docs/plugin-capability-inventory.md.
+const _hwcChangeWrappers = new WeakMap();
+function _hwcInstallFacade() {
+    if (!window.feedBack || window.feedBack.highwayColors) return;
+    const api = {
+        version: 1,
+        // Ordered named slots: [{ key, label, sub }]. `key` is the stable id.
+        slots: HWC_SLOTS.map((s) => ({ key: s.key, label: s.label, sub: s.sub })),
+        // User-set overrides only (named slot → hex); empty object = defaults.
+        get() { return getHighwayStringColors(); },
+        // Canonical default color per named slot.
+        getDefaults() { return getHighwayDefaultSlotColors(); },
+        // Defaults overlaid with overrides — the colors in effect, by name.
+        getResolved() { return _hwcMergedSlotColors(); },
+        // Which named slot each chart string index maps to, for an arrangement
+        // (index 0 = lowest string). e.g. (7,false) → ['low7','lowE','A',...].
+        keysForChart(stringCount, isBass) { return _hwcSlotKeysForChart(stringCount, !!isBass); },
+        // Per-string-INDEX hex array (resolved colors) for an arrangement.
+        // Omit args to use the currently-loaded chart's shape.
+        toEffective(stringCount, isBass) {
+            const shape = (typeof stringCount === 'number')
+                ? { sc: stringCount, isBass: !!isBass }
+                : _hwcChartShape();
+            return _hwcEffectiveIndexColors(_hwcMergedSlotColors(), shape.sc, shape.isBass);
+        },
+        // The per-index colors actually applied to the live 2D highway now.
+        getCurrent() {
+            try { return (window.highway && window.highway.getStringColors) ? window.highway.getStringColors() : []; }
+            catch (_) { return []; }
+        },
+        // Set colors programmatically (persists + applies to both highways).
+        // Pass a named slot map, or null/{} to revert to defaults.
+        apply(slotMap) { return applyHighwayStringColors(slotMap); },
+        // One-click presets: [{ id, label, colors }] (full named-slot maps).
+        presets: HWC_PRESETS.map((p) => ({ id: p.id, label: p.label, colors: { ...p.colors } })),
+        // Apply a preset by id (persists + applies to both highways).
+        applyPreset(id) { return applyHighwayStringPreset(id); },
+        // Share-code interop (the "SLOPHWY2." copy/paste format).
+        encodeShare(name, slotMap) { return encodeHighwayColorShare(name, slotMap); },
+        decodeShare(code) { return decodeHighwayColorShare(code); },
+        // Subscribe to color changes; handler receives the resolved slot map.
+        // Returns an unsubscribe fn that removes exactly THIS subscription;
+        // offChange(fn) removes every subscription registered with that fn.
+        // (Each fn maps to a Set of wrappers so repeated mount/init paths that
+        // subscribe the same handler don't clobber each other or leak.)
+        onChange(fn) {
+            if (typeof fn !== 'function' || !window.feedBack) return () => {};
+            const wrapper = () => {
+                try { fn(api.getResolved()); } catch (e) { console.error('[highwayColors] onChange handler threw', e); }
+            };
+            let set = _hwcChangeWrappers.get(fn);
+            if (!set) { set = new Set(); _hwcChangeWrappers.set(fn, set); }
+            set.add(wrapper);
+            window.feedBack.on('highway:stringColors', wrapper);
+            return () => {
+                if (window.feedBack) window.feedBack.off('highway:stringColors', wrapper);
+                const s = _hwcChangeWrappers.get(fn);
+                if (s) { s.delete(wrapper); if (!s.size) _hwcChangeWrappers.delete(fn); }
+            };
+        },
+        offChange(fn) {
+            const set = _hwcChangeWrappers.get(fn);
+            if (set && window.feedBack) {
+                for (const wrapper of set) window.feedBack.off('highway:stringColors', wrapper);
+                _hwcChangeWrappers.delete(fn);
+            }
+        },
+    };
+    window.feedBack.highwayColors = api;
+}
+
+// ── Highway String Colors — Settings UI wiring ───────────────────────────
+// Pickers are per NAMED string (see HWC_SLOTS). Assigning "Low E" a color
+// keeps Low E that color regardless of string count — the translation table
+// (_hwcSlotKeysForChart) handles the index remapping per arrangement.
+
+function _hwcStatus(msg) {
+    const el = document.getElementById('hwc-status');
+    if (!el) return;
+    el.textContent = msg || '';
+    if (msg) {
+        clearTimeout(_hwcStatus._t);
+        _hwcStatus._t = setTimeout(() => { if (el.textContent === msg) el.textContent = ''; }, 2500);
+    }
+}
+
+// Render one color input per named slot, seeded from active colors (falling
+// back to the highway defaults for that slot).
+function hwcRenderPickers() {
+    const host = document.getElementById('hwc-pickers');
+    if (!host) return;
+    const defaults = getHighwayDefaultSlotColors();
+    const active = getHighwayStringColors();
+    host.innerHTML = '';
+    for (const slot of HWC_SLOTS) {
+        const val = active[slot.key] || defaults[slot.key] || '#888888';
+        const wrap = document.createElement('label');
+        wrap.className = 'flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-400';
+        const input = document.createElement('input');
+        input.type = 'color';
+        input.id = 'hwc-color-' + slot.key;
+        input.dataset.slot = slot.key;
+        input.value = val;
+        input.style.width = '2.5rem';
+        input.style.height = '1.75rem';
+        input.style.padding = '2px';
+        input.style.cursor = 'pointer';
+        input.className = 'rounded border border-gray-800 bg-dark-700';
+        input.addEventListener('input', () => hwcOnColorInput());
+        wrap.appendChild(input);
+        const span = document.createElement('span');
+        span.textContent = slot.label;
+        wrap.appendChild(span);
+        const sub = document.createElement('span');
+        sub.className = 'text-gray-600';
+        sub.textContent = slot.sub;
+        wrap.appendChild(sub);
+        host.appendChild(wrap);
+    }
+}
+
+function hwcReadPickers() {
+    const out = {};
+    for (const slot of HWC_SLOTS) {
+        const el = document.getElementById('hwc-color-' + slot.key);
+        if (el) out[slot.key] = el.value;
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+// Live apply on any picker change. Leaves the saved-theme select alone so a
+// tweaked-but-unsaved state is allowed; "Save as…" captures it.
+function hwcOnColorInput() {
+    applyHighwayStringColors(hwcReadPickers());
+}
+
+function hwcPopulateThemeSelect() {
+    const sel = document.getElementById('hwc-theme-select');
+    if (!sel) return;
+    const names = listHighwayColorThemes().sort((a, b) => a.localeCompare(b));
+    const current = getActiveHighwayColorThemeName();
+    sel.innerHTML = '';
+    const def = document.createElement('option');
+    def.value = '';
+    def.textContent = 'Default colors';
+    sel.appendChild(def);
+    for (const n of names) {
+        const opt = document.createElement('option');
+        opt.value = n;
+        opt.textContent = n;
+        sel.appendChild(opt);
+    }
+    sel.value = (current && names.includes(current)) ? current : '';
+}
+
+function hwcOnSelectTheme(name) {
+    selectHighwayColorTheme(name);
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+}
+
+async function hwcSaveTheme() {
+    const name = await uiPrompt({ title: 'Save Highway Colors', label: 'Theme name', value: getActiveHighwayColorThemeName() || 'My Colors', okLabel: 'Save' });
+    if (!name) return;
+    saveHighwayColorTheme(name, hwcReadPickers());
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    _hwcStatus('Saved “' + name + '”');
+}
+
+function hwcDeleteTheme() {
+    const name = getActiveHighwayColorThemeName();
+    if (!name) { _hwcStatus('No saved theme selected'); return; }
+    deleteHighwayColorTheme(name);
+    applyHighwayStringColors(null);
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+    _hwcStatus('Deleted “' + name + '”');
+}
+
+function hwcReset() {
+    try { localStorage.removeItem(HWC_KEY_NAME); } catch (_) {}
+    applyHighwayStringColors(null);
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+    _hwcStatus('Reset to defaults');
+}
+
+async function hwcCopyShare() {
+    const name = getActiveHighwayColorThemeName() || 'Highway Colors';
+    const code = encodeHighwayColorShare(name, hwcReadPickers());
+    let copied = false;
+    try { await navigator.clipboard.writeText(code); copied = true; } catch (_) {}
+    if (!copied) {
+        // Fallback: drop the code into the import field so it can be copied manually.
+        const inp = document.getElementById('hwc-import-code');
+        if (inp) { inp.value = code; inp.select(); }
+    }
+    _hwcStatus(copied ? 'Share code copied' : 'Copy failed — code shown below');
+}
+
+function hwcImport() {
+    const inp = document.getElementById('hwc-import-code');
+    const code = inp ? inp.value : '';
+    const res = importHighwayColorShare(code);
+    if (!res) { _hwcStatus('Invalid share code'); return; }
+    if (inp) inp.value = '';
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+    _hwcStatus('Imported “' + res.name + '”');
+}
+
+export function hwcInitSettingsUI() {
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+}

static/js/plugin-loader.js

@@ -0,0 +1,863 @@
+// The plugin loader — the R0 host rails.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). This is the highest-risk module in
+// core: it fetches /api/plugins, injects each plugin's screen.js (as
+// <script type="module"> when its manifest says scriptType:"module"), mounts nav
+// entries and screens, and wires plugin capability + UI contributions. If it
+// breaks, every plugin breaks — so every change here ends with a real plugin
+// booted against a local uvicorn, not just a green test run.
+//
+// The one thing it still needs from app.js is `window.showScreen` — already the
+// public host contract (constitution II), so it is called through `window` rather
+// than re-coupled as an import.
+//
+// `_populateVizPicker` used to arrive through a configurePluginLoader() host seam:
+// it lived in app.js, and importing app.js from here would have closed a cycle.
+// The viz layer is now its own leaf module, so the seam is GONE — this imports it
+// directly, and the graph stays acyclic without any injection.
+import { _populateVizPicker } from './viz.js';
+
+let _loadPluginsInFlight = false;
+const _pluginUiContributions = new Map();
+const CAPABILITY_INSPECTOR_NAV_SETTING = 'capability_inspector.showInPluginsMenu';
+
+function _capabilityInspectorNavEnabled() {
+    try { return localStorage.getItem(CAPABILITY_INSPECTOR_NAV_SETTING) === '1'; }
+    catch (_) { return false; }
+}
+
+// Derive a display label from a (possibly string) nav value. `/api/plugins`
+// can return `nav` as a plain string (manifest `"nav": "Declared"`) or an
+// object with a `.label`, and _pluginNav() may synthesize an object (e.g. the
+// Capability Inspector). Handle all three so string labels and the synthesized
+// label aren't dropped in favour of the plugin name.
+function _navLabel(nav, plugin) {
+    if (typeof nav === 'string' && nav.trim()) return nav;
+    if (nav && typeof nav === 'object' && nav.label) return nav.label;
+    return (plugin && (plugin.name || plugin.id)) || '';
+}
+
+function _pluginNav(plugin) {
+    if (!plugin || !plugin.id) return null;
+    if (plugin.id === 'capability_inspector') {
+        if (!_capabilityInspectorNavEnabled()) return null;
+        return plugin.nav || { label: 'Capabilities', screen: 'plugin-capability_inspector' };
+    }
+    return plugin.nav || null;
+}
+
+async function _commandUiDomain(domain, command, plugin, payload) {
+    try {
+        if (!window.feedBack?.capabilities?.command) return;
+        await window.feedBack.capabilities.command(domain, command, {
+            requester: plugin.id || 'plugin',
+            target: { id: payload.id, pluginId: plugin.id, region: payload.region },
+            payload: { ...payload, pluginId: plugin.id },
+        });
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.warn(`ui contribution ${command} failed for ${plugin.id}:`, e);
+    }
+}
+
+async function _registerLegacyPluginUiContributions(plugin) {
+    const previous = _pluginUiContributions.get(plugin.id) || [];
+    for (const contribution of previous) {
+        await _commandUiDomain(contribution.domain, 'unmount', plugin, contribution);
+    }
+    const contributions = [];
+    const nav = _pluginNav(plugin);
+    if (nav) {
+        contributions.push({ domain: 'ui.navigation', id: `${plugin.id}:nav`, region: 'plugins', label: _navLabel(nav, plugin), mounted: true });
+    }
+    if (plugin.has_screen) {
+        contributions.push({ domain: 'ui.plugin-screens', id: `${plugin.id}:screen`, region: 'plugin-screens', label: plugin.name || plugin.id, mounted: true });
+    }
+    if (plugin.has_settings) {
+        contributions.push({ domain: 'settings', id: `${plugin.id}:settings`, region: 'plugin-settings', label: plugin.name || plugin.id, mounted: true });
+    }
+    if (plugin.type === 'visualization') {
+        contributions.push({ domain: 'ui.player-overlays', id: `${plugin.id}:visualization`, region: 'visualization-picker', label: plugin.name || plugin.id, mounted: true });
+    }
+    contributions.sort((a, b) => `${a.domain}:${a.id}`.localeCompare(`${b.domain}:${b.id}`));
+    _pluginUiContributions.set(plugin.id, contributions);
+    for (const contribution of contributions) {
+        await _commandUiDomain(contribution.domain, 'register-contribution', plugin, contribution);
+        await _commandUiDomain(contribution.domain, 'mount', plugin, contribution);
+    }
+}
+
+// Settings-tab containers that can host plugin <details> panels on the v3
+// tabbed settings page. '#plugin-settings' is the fallback bucket (and the
+// only container in the classic v2 settings page); the per-tab containers map
+// to a plugin manifest's settings.category. A plugin with no category, or one
+// whose tab container is absent (v2, or render not yet run), falls back to
+// '#plugin-settings'. Body divs injected per plugin use id
+// `plugin-settings-<pluginId>` and live INSIDE a <details>, so they are never
+// direct children of these containers — no id collision in the scans below.
+const _PLUGIN_SETTINGS_CONTAINER_IDS = [
+    'plugin-settings', 'plugin-settings-graphics',
+    'plugin-settings-mic', 'plugin-settings-progression',
+];
+function _pluginSettingsContainers() {
+    const out = [];
+    for (const id of _PLUGIN_SETTINGS_CONTAINER_IDS) {
+        const el = document.getElementById(id);
+        if (el) out.push(el);
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+function _pluginSettingsTarget(plugin) {
+    const cat = plugin && plugin.settings_category;
+    if (cat) {
+        const el = document.getElementById('plugin-settings-' + cat);
+        if (el) return el;
+    }
+    return document.getElementById('plugin-settings');
+}
+
+export async function loadPlugins() {
+    if (_loadPluginsInFlight) { console.log('[feedBack] loadPlugins: in-flight, skipping'); return null; }
+    _loadPluginsInFlight = true;
+    console.log('[feedBack] loadPlugins: start');
+    let plugins;
+    const navContainer = document.getElementById('nav-plugins');
+    const mobileNavContainer = document.getElementById('mobile-nav-plugins');
+    // Snapshot current nav so we can restore it if the fetch fails.
+    const _savedNav = navContainer ? navContainer.innerHTML : null;
+    const _savedMobileNav = mobileNavContainer ? mobileNavContainer.innerHTML : null;
+    try {
+        const resp = await fetch('/api/plugins');
+        const fetchedPlugins = await resp.json();
+        const capabilityPlugins = fetchedPlugins.slice().sort((a, b) => String(a.id || '').localeCompare(String(b.id || '')));
+        plugins = fetchedPlugins.slice().sort((a, b) => {
+            const nameDelta = String(a.name || a.id || '').localeCompare(String(b.name || b.id || ''));
+            return nameDelta || String(a.id || '').localeCompare(String(b.id || ''));
+        });
+        // NOTE deliberately NO stale-contribution sweep for plugins absent
+        // from this response. Absent ≠ uninstalled: the backend clears its
+        // plugin registry at the start of load_plugins() and repopulates it
+        // incrementally while HTTP stays up, so every backend restart serves a
+        // window of partial (even empty) responses. The old sweep unmounted UI
+        // contributions and unregistered capability participants on mere
+        // absence, permanently breaking still-loaded plugins — their scripts
+        // don't re-run (loadedScripts guard below), so nothing ever
+        // re-registered. A genuine mid-session uninstall now leaves the
+        // (already-evaluated, un-unloadable) script's contributions in place
+        // until reload; its nav entry still disappears because nav is rebuilt
+        // from the response each round. Same invariant as the settings/screen
+        // DOM wipe and _reconcilePluginStyles below.
+        console.log('[feedBack] loadPlugins: got', plugins.length, 'plugins');
+
+        try {
+            const capabilityApi = window.feedBack?.capabilities;
+            if (capabilityApi?.registerParticipants) {
+                capabilityApi.registerParticipants(capabilityPlugins);
+                if (capabilityApi.registerCompatibilityShim) {
+                    for (const plugin of capabilityPlugins) {
+                        for (const shim of Array.isArray(plugin.compatibility_shims) ? plugin.compatibility_shims : []) {
+                            capabilityApi.registerCompatibilityShim(shim);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                capabilityApi.validateRuntime?.({ phase: 'plugin-manifest-load' });
+            }
+        } catch (e) {
+            console.warn('[feedBack] capability manifest registration failed:', e);
+        }
+
+        // Plugin settings panels mount into one of several tab containers —
+        // see _pluginSettingsContainers()/_pluginSettingsTarget() above.
+
+        // Plugins whose screen.js has already been evaluated this session
+        // at the current version AND whose DOM is still in the document.
+        // Their listeners were bound to the existing settings / screen DOM,
+        // so we must preserve that DOM — the script load guard below skips
+        // re-evaluating screen.js, and a fresh empty DOM with no listeners
+        // would leave the plugin half-hydrated on subsequent loadPlugins()
+        // calls (e.g. the streamed refetches in _streamPluginStartup).
+        //
+        // The DOM-existence check is the safety net for plugins that
+        // disappeared and reappeared between calls (uninstall + reinstall,
+        // or a backend snapshot churn that drops a plugin then restores
+        // it). In that case the loadedScripts key would still be set, but
+        // any listeners are bound to elements that have since been removed
+        // — drop the stale key so screen.js re-runs against the fresh DOM
+        // we're about to inject.
+        // Map<pluginId, version> — one entry per plugin. Storing only the
+        // currently-loaded version (rather than a Set of all (id, version)
+        // pairs ever loaded) means upgrade → downgrade → upgrade cycles
+        // within one session don't leave stale keys that could mistakenly
+        // mark an old version as already-hydrated. Coerce a legacy Set, if
+        // present, to an empty Map — the previous shape never shipped.
+        let loadedScripts = window.feedBack._loadedPluginScripts;
+        if (!(loadedScripts instanceof Map)) {
+            loadedScripts = new Map();
+            window.feedBack._loadedPluginScripts = loadedScripts;
+        }
+        const _removePluginScriptTags = (pluginId) => {
+            // Filter via dataset rather than a CSS attribute selector —
+            // CSS.escape is not universally available, and plugin IDs
+            // aren't constrained server-side.
+            document.querySelectorAll('script[data-plugin-id]').forEach((s) => {
+                if (s.dataset.pluginId === pluginId) s.remove();
+            });
+        };
+        // Mirror of loadedScripts for the plugin `styles` capability: a single
+        // versioned <link rel=stylesheet> per plugin lives in <head>, deduped by
+        // id → version so an upgrade swaps it and re-activation doesn't pile up
+        // duplicate tags. The <link> covers both the plugin's screen and its
+        // settings panel. Plugins ship preflight-off (utilities only) CSS, so a
+        // stylesheet that lingers after deactivation can't bleed a base reset.
+        let loadedStyles = window.feedBack._loadedPluginStyles;
+        if (!(loadedStyles instanceof Map)) {
+            loadedStyles = new Map();
+            window.feedBack._loadedPluginStyles = loadedStyles;
+        }
+        const _removePluginStyleTags = (pluginId) => {
+            // Same dataset-filter rationale as _removePluginScriptTags.
+            document.querySelectorAll('link[data-plugin-id]').forEach((l) => {
+                if (l.dataset.pluginId === pluginId) l.remove();
+            });
+        };
+        const _injectPluginStyles = (plugin) => {
+            // Tear down a <link> we injected earlier this session when the plugin
+            // no longer ships a usable stylesheet — upgraded to drop `styles`, or
+            // to an invalid path — so stale CSS can't keep applying after the
+            // plugin disabled its styling.
+            const teardownStale = () => {
+                if (loadedStyles.has(plugin.id)) {
+                    _removePluginStyleTags(plugin.id);
+                    loadedStyles.delete(plugin.id);
+                }
+            };
+            if (!plugin.has_styles || !plugin.styles) { teardownStale(); return; }
+            // `styles` is a plugin-root-relative path (like screen/script/routes)
+            // and must live under assets/ so it serves through the sandboxed
+            // asset route — e.g. "assets/plugin.css". Reject anything that can't
+            // reach a served file or would build a malformed URL: not under
+            // assets/, a `..` traversal segment, a backslash, or a `?`/`#` that
+            // would collide with the cache-busting query we append. The server
+            // also enforces containment via safe_join — this just avoids the
+            // wasted 404 and matches the documented contract.
+            const path = String(plugin.styles).replace(/^\/+/, '');
+            const unsafe = !path.startsWith('assets/')
+                || /(^|\/)\.\.(\/|$)/.test(path)
+                || /[\\?#]/.test(path);
+            if (unsafe) {
+                console.warn(`Plugin ${plugin.id}: styles must be a path under assets/ with no "..", backslash, or query/fragment (got "${plugin.styles}") — skipping`);
+                teardownStale();
+                return;
+            }
+            const wantedVersion = plugin.version || '';
+            // Idempotent: same id+version already injected → nothing to do.
+            if (loadedStyles.get(plugin.id) === wantedVersion) return;
+            // A different version (or none) was loaded — drop the prior <link>
+            // so we never accumulate stale stylesheets across upgrades.
+            _removePluginStyleTags(plugin.id);
+            const link = document.createElement('link');
+            link.rel = 'stylesheet';
+            link.dataset.pluginId = plugin.id;
+            link.dataset.pluginVersion = wantedVersion;
+            // Version in the URL (the plugin `version`, mirroring the screen.js
+            // loader's ?v= convention) so a plugin upgrade within one session
+            // fetches fresh CSS instead of a copy cached by path alone.
+            const v = encodeURIComponent(wantedVersion);
+            link.href = `/api/plugins/${plugin.id}/${path}${v ? `?v=${v}` : ''}`;
+            // Cascade ordering: insert this <link> BEFORE core's prebuilt
+            // Tailwind (/static/tailwind.min.css) instead of appending at the
+            // end of <head>. A plugin that ships a full utility build — the
+            // default output of running the Tailwind CLI without a scoped
+            // content config — re-defines core utilities like .grid /
+            // .xl:grid-cols-4; appended last, those equal-specificity rules
+            // would win on source order and clobber core's responsive layout
+            // (e.g. the library grid collapses to 2 columns, the nav bar
+            // breaks). Loading the plugin sheet first means core wins any
+            // EQUAL-specificity collision, while the plugin's own namespaced
+            // classes still apply. A plugin can still deliberately override core
+            // via higher-specificity selectors or !important — this only removes
+            // the accidental source-order clobber.
+            const coreSheet =
+                document.head.querySelector('link[rel="stylesheet"][href*="tailwind.min.css"]')
+                || document.head.querySelector('link[rel="stylesheet"]');
+            if (coreSheet) {
+                document.head.insertBefore(link, coreSheet);
+            } else {
+                document.head.appendChild(link);
+            }
+            loadedStyles.set(plugin.id, wantedVersion);
+        };
+        const _reconcilePluginStyles = (currentPlugins) => {
+            // Drop stylesheets for plugins the response KNOWS about but that
+            // are no longer ready+styled this round. _injectPluginStyles below
+            // only visits plugins still returned by the API, so a newly-not-
+            // ready or unstyled plugin would otherwise keep its <link>
+            // applying. Plugins merely ABSENT from the response keep their
+            // stylesheet — a transient partial response during a backend
+            // restart is not an uninstall (same invariant as the screen/
+            // settings wipe below), and stripping the <link> would leave a
+            // still-loaded plugin visible but unstyled.
+            const responded = new Set(currentPlugins.map((p) => p.id));
+            const styled = new Set(
+                currentPlugins
+                    .filter((p) => (p.status || 'ready') === 'ready' && p.has_styles && p.styles)
+                    .map((p) => p.id),
+            );
+            for (const id of Array.from(loadedStyles.keys())) {
+                if (responded.has(id) && !styled.has(id)) {
+                    _removePluginStyleTags(id);
+                    loadedStyles.delete(id);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        const existingSettingsByPluginId = new Map();
+        for (const container of _pluginSettingsContainers()) {
+            for (const child of container.children) {
+                const pid = child.dataset ? child.dataset.pluginId : null;
+                if (pid) existingSettingsByPluginId.set(pid, child);
+            }
+        }
+        // Plugins named in THIS response. A plugin can be transiently absent
+        // from /api/plugins — the backend clears its registry at the start of
+        // load_plugins() and repopulates it incrementally while HTTP stays up,
+        // so every backend restart serves a window of partial (even empty)
+        // responses. The wipe loops below must never treat that absence as an
+        // uninstall: stripping a still-loaded plugin's DOM while keeping its
+        // loadedScripts entry made the NEXT refetch fail the DOM check and
+        // re-evaluate its screen.js mid-session — which duplicated the desktop
+        // audio_engine's native signal chain (its init re-ran against the
+        // surviving engine chain). Absent plugins keep their DOM and script;
+        // they're re-reconciled when they reappear in a later response.
+        const respondedIds = new Set(plugins.map((p) => p.id));
+        const alreadyHydrated = new Set();
+        for (const p of plugins) {
+            if (!p.has_script) continue;
+            // Version must match exactly — an upgrade / downgrade has to
+            // re-run the new script against fresh DOM.
+            if (loadedScripts.get(p.id) !== (p.version || '')) continue;
+            const screenOk = !p.has_screen || !!document.getElementById(`plugin-${p.id}`);
+            const settingsOk = !p.has_settings || existingSettingsByPluginId.has(p.id);
+            if (screenOk && settingsOk) {
+                alreadyHydrated.add(p.id);
+            } else {
+                // DOM was wiped externally (uninstall + reinstall, snapshot
+                // churn) — drop the entry and remove the orphaned <script>
+                // so screen.js re-runs against fresh DOM below.
+                loadedScripts.delete(p.id);
+                _removePluginScriptTags(p.id);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Clear plugin-owned containers, but keep already-hydrated plugins'
+        // settings / screen DOM. Nav links carry no per-plugin script state,
+        // so always rebuild them.
+        navContainer.innerHTML = '';
+        mobileNavContainer.innerHTML = '<span class="text-xs text-gray-600 uppercase tracking-wider">Plugins</span>';
+        for (const container of _pluginSettingsContainers()) {
+            [...container.children].forEach((el) => {
+                const pid = el.dataset ? el.dataset.pluginId : null;
+                // Remove junk (no plugin id) and plugins the response KNOWS
+                // about but that failed hydration; leave plugins absent from
+                // the response untouched (see respondedIds above).
+                if (!pid || (respondedIds.has(pid) && !alreadyHydrated.has(pid))) el.remove();
+            });
+        }
+        document.querySelectorAll('.screen[id^="plugin-"]').forEach((el) => {
+            // dataset.pluginId is the source of truth (set on injection);
+            // the id-prefix fallback covers screens injected before this
+            // change shipped — both forms strip a single leading "plugin-".
+            const pid = (el.dataset && el.dataset.pluginId)
+                || el.id.replace(/^plugin-/, '');
+            if (!pid || (respondedIds.has(pid) && !alreadyHydrated.has(pid))) el.remove();
+        });
+
+        // Plugin settings area hosts both "Plugin Updates" and per-plugin
+        // collapsibles. Reveal it whenever any plugins are installed —
+        // updates are relevant even for plugins that contribute no settings.
+        if (plugins.length > 0) {
+            const area = document.getElementById('plugin-settings-area');
+            if (area) area.classList.remove('hidden');
+        }
+
+        // Build plugin dropdown for desktop nav
+        const navPlugins = plugins.map(plugin => ({ plugin, nav: _pluginNav(plugin) })).filter(entry => entry.nav);
+        if (navPlugins.length > 0) {
+            const dropdown = document.createElement('div');
+            dropdown.className = 'relative';
+            dropdown.innerHTML = `
+                <button class="text-sm text-gray-400 hover:text-white transition flex items-center gap-1" onclick="this.nextElementSibling.classList.toggle('hidden')">
+                    Plugins
+                    <svg class="w-3 h-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M19 9l-7 7-7-7"/></svg>
+                </button>
+                <div class="hidden absolute top-full left-0 mt-2 bg-dark-800 border border-gray-700 rounded-xl shadow-xl py-2 min-w-[180px] max-h-[80vh] overflow-y-auto z-50" id="plugin-dropdown"></div>`;
+            navContainer.appendChild(dropdown);
+            const ddMenu = dropdown.querySelector('#plugin-dropdown');
+
+            // Close the plugin dropdown when clicking outside it. Bind ONCE:
+            // loadPlugins() re-runs on every plugin status change during
+            // startup (SSE-driven refetches), and each run rebuilds `dropdown`
+            // / `ddMenu`. A per-run addEventListener would leak a new global
+            // click listener on every refetch, each closing over a now-detached
+            // dropdown. The one-time handler instead resolves the LIVE dropdown
+            // from the DOM at click time, so it always targets the current one.
+            if (!window.feedBack._pluginDropdownOutsideClickBound) {
+                window.feedBack._pluginDropdownOutsideClickBound = true;
+                document.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+                    const menu = document.getElementById('plugin-dropdown');
+                    if (!menu) return;
+                    const container = menu.parentElement;
+                    if (container && !container.contains(e.target)) menu.classList.add('hidden');
+                });
+            }
+
+            for (const { plugin, nav } of navPlugins) {
+                const screenId = `plugin-${plugin.id}`;
+                // A plugin is navigable only once it's ready. While its deps
+                // install (status "installing") or after a failed load
+                // (status "failed") we still render the nav slot — disabled,
+                // with an "installing…" suffix or the error as a tooltip — so
+                // the nav is stable and the user sees the plugin is coming
+                // (#421). Entries without a status (legacy / stub) are ready.
+                const status = plugin.status || 'ready';
+                const isReady = status === 'ready';
+                // nav is truthy here (navPlugins is filtered on entry.nav), and
+                // is the computed value from _pluginNav() — which may be a
+                // string, an object that omits `label`, or a synthesized object
+                // (e.g. the Capability Inspector). _navLabel() normalizes all
+                // three and falls back to name/id so a missing label never
+                // renders "undefined" or throws. Use the loop's `nav`, not the
+                // raw `plugin.nav`, so string and synthesized labels survive.
+                const label = _navLabel(nav, plugin);
+
+                const item = document.createElement('a');
+                item.href = '#';
+                ddMenu.appendChild(item);
+                // Mobile nav — flat list
+                const ma = document.createElement('a');
+                ma.href = '#';
+                mobileNavContainer.appendChild(ma);
+
+                if (isReady) {
+                    item.className = 'block px-4 py-2 text-sm text-gray-400 hover:text-white hover:bg-dark-700 transition';
+                    item.textContent = label;
+                    item.onclick = (e) => { e.preventDefault(); ddMenu.classList.add('hidden'); window.showScreen(screenId); window.feedBackDemoTrack?.('event/plugin-open/' + plugin.id); };
+                    ma.className = 'text-gray-400 hover:text-white pl-4 text-sm';
+                    ma.textContent = label;
+                    ma.onclick = (e) => { e.preventDefault(); window.showScreen(screenId); ma.closest('#mobile-menu').classList.add('hidden'); window.feedBackDemoTrack?.('event/plugin-open/' + plugin.id); };
+                } else {
+                    const installing = status === 'installing';
+                    const suffix = installing ? ' (installing…)' : ' (failed)';
+                    const tip = installing
+                        ? 'This plugin is installing its dependencies and will become available shortly.'
+                        : (plugin.error || 'This plugin failed to load. Check the server startup log for details.');
+                    // Disabled appearance: dimmed, default cursor, no nav handler.
+                    const cls = 'block px-4 py-2 text-sm text-gray-600 cursor-default select-none'
+                        + (installing ? ' animate-pulse' : '');
+                    item.className = cls;
+                    item.setAttribute('aria-disabled', 'true');
+                    item.title = tip;
+                    item.textContent = label + suffix;
+                    // Drop disabled entries out of the tab order and strip the
+                    // href so keyboard/screen-reader users don't land on a
+                    // non-actionable "link" (a11y). Swallow clicks too, in case
+                    // it's still reached via mouse.
+                    item.removeAttribute('href');
+                    item.setAttribute('tabindex', '-1');
+                    item.onclick = (e) => { e.preventDefault(); };
+                    ma.className = 'pl-4 text-sm text-gray-600 cursor-default select-none' + (installing ? ' animate-pulse' : '');
+                    ma.setAttribute('aria-disabled', 'true');
+                    ma.title = tip;
+                    ma.textContent = label + suffix;
+                    ma.removeAttribute('href');
+                    ma.setAttribute('tabindex', '-1');
+                    ma.onclick = (e) => { e.preventDefault(); };
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Tear down stylesheets for plugins that are gone / no longer styled
+        // before (re)injecting for the current set.
+        _reconcilePluginStyles(plugins);
+
+        for (const plugin of plugins) {
+            try {
+            // Only ready plugins have their assets available (the backend
+            // guards screen.html/screen.js/settings.html on status=="ready").
+            // Installing/failed plugins contribute only the disabled nav slot
+            // built above — skip screen/settings/script injection for them.
+            if (plugin.status && plugin.status !== 'ready') continue;
+            await _registerLegacyPluginUiContributions(plugin);
+            const screenId = `plugin-${plugin.id}`;
+
+            // Inject the plugin's stylesheet FIRST (before screen HTML/JS) so
+            // its utilities are present on first paint. Idempotent + version-
+            // deduped, so it's safe to call for already-hydrated plugins too.
+            _injectPluginStyles(plugin);
+
+            // Inject screen container. Skip for already-hydrated plugins —
+            // their existing screen DOM still has the listeners that
+            // screen.js bound on first load (rebuilding here would orphan
+            // them, since the script load guard further down won't re-run
+            // screen.js to re-bind).
+            if (plugin.has_screen && !alreadyHydrated.has(plugin.id)) {
+                const screenDiv = document.createElement('div');
+                screenDiv.id = screenId;
+                screenDiv.className = 'screen';
+                screenDiv.dataset.pluginId = plugin.id;
+                screenDiv.dataset.pluginVersion = plugin.version || '';
+                // Insert before the player screen
+                const player = document.getElementById('player');
+                player.parentNode.insertBefore(screenDiv, player);
+
+                const htmlResp = await fetch(`/api/plugins/${plugin.id}/screen.html`);
+                screenDiv.innerHTML = await htmlResp.text();
+            }
+
+            // Inject settings section — wrapped in a collapsible <details>
+            // per plugin so the page stays scannable as plugins accumulate.
+            // Collapsed by default; <details>/<summary> handles state natively.
+            // Skip for already-hydrated plugins — preserved details element
+            // still carries listeners wired by its inline settings script
+            // and by screen.js on first load.
+            // Resolve which settings tab this plugin's panel mounts under
+            // (manifest settings.category), falling back to '#plugin-settings'.
+            const settingsTarget = plugin.has_settings ? _pluginSettingsTarget(plugin) : null;
+            if (plugin.has_settings && settingsTarget && !alreadyHydrated.has(plugin.id)) {
+                const details = document.createElement('details');
+                details.className = 'bg-dark-700/40 border border-gray-800 rounded-xl overflow-hidden group';
+                details.dataset.pluginId = plugin.id;
+                details.dataset.pluginVersion = plugin.version || '';
+
+                const summary = document.createElement('summary');
+                // .plugin-settings-summary class hides the browser's native
+                // disclosure triangle (see style.css) so only our chevron shows.
+                // flex-col allows the fallback explanation note to appear below
+                // the name/badges row when plugin.fallback is set.
+                summary.className = 'plugin-settings-summary cursor-pointer select-none px-4 py-3 text-sm font-medium text-gray-300 hover:bg-dark-700/70 transition flex flex-col';
+                // Inner row: plugin name/badges (left) + chevron (right).
+                const headerRow = document.createElement('span');
+                headerRow.className = 'flex items-center justify-between';
+                const labelWrap = document.createElement('span');
+                labelWrap.className = 'flex items-center gap-2';
+                const labelSpan = document.createElement('span');
+                labelSpan.textContent = plugin.name || plugin.id;
+                labelWrap.appendChild(labelSpan);
+                // "Bundled" marker (feedBack#160). Visually distinguishes
+                // plugins that ship with the default container image from
+                // user-installed ones so users don't try to remove a core
+                // plugin via the manage-plugin flow and brick a feature
+                // that's expected to "just work".
+                if (plugin.bundled) {
+                    const bundledDesc = 'This plugin ships with FeedBack core and is expected to be present.';
+                    const badge = document.createElement('span');
+                    badge.className = 'inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded border border-purple-400/30 bg-purple-500/10 text-purple-300';
+                    badge.title = bundledDesc;
+                    badge.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Bundled — ' + bundledDesc);
+                    badge.setAttribute('role', 'img');
+                    badge.innerHTML = `
+                        <svg class="w-3 h-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true">
+                            <path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2"
+                                  d="M12 11c1.657 0 3-1.343 3-3V6a3 3 0 10-6 0v2c0 1.657 1.343 3 3 3zM6 11h12a2 2 0 012 2v6a2 2 0 01-2 2H6a2 2 0 01-2-2v-6a2 2 0 012-2z"/>
+                        </svg>
+                        Bundled
+                    `;
+                    labelWrap.appendChild(badge);
+                }
+                // "Fallback" warning badge: the bundled copy failed to load its
+                // routes, so the server fell back to this older user-installed
+                // copy.  Warn users so they know the bundled build is broken and
+                // can check the server startup log for the root cause.
+                if (plugin.fallback) {
+                    const fbBadge = document.createElement('span');
+                    fbBadge.className = 'inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded border border-yellow-400/40 bg-yellow-500/10 text-yellow-300';
+                    fbBadge.setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
+                    fbBadge.innerHTML = '<svg class="w-3 h-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M12 9v2m0 4h.01M10.29 3.86L1.82 18a2 2 0 001.71 3h16.94a2 2 0 001.71-3L13.71 3.86a2 2 0 00-3.42 0z"/></svg> Fallback';
+                    labelWrap.appendChild(fbBadge);
+                }
+                // Assemble inner header row: [name/badges (left)] [chevron (right)].
+                // Both are placed in headerRow so the fallback note (if any)
+                // can sit below the entire row as a second flex-col child of
+                // summary, rather than being squeezed inline beside the chevron.
+                headerRow.appendChild(labelWrap);
+                // Chevron icon — built via setAttributeNS so the SVG sits in
+                // the SVG namespace and renders correctly. Plugin label is
+                // appended as text above so manifest values can't inject HTML.
+                const svgNS = 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg';
+                const svg = document.createElementNS(svgNS, 'svg');
+                svg.setAttribute('class', 'w-4 h-4 text-gray-500 transition-transform group-open:rotate-180');
+                svg.setAttribute('fill', 'none');
+                svg.setAttribute('stroke', 'currentColor');
+                svg.setAttribute('viewBox', '0 0 24 24');
+                const svgPath = document.createElementNS(svgNS, 'path');
+                svgPath.setAttribute('stroke-linecap', 'round');
+                svgPath.setAttribute('stroke-linejoin', 'round');
+                svgPath.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');
+                svgPath.setAttribute('d', 'M19 9l-7 7-7-7');
+                svg.appendChild(svgPath);
+                headerRow.appendChild(svg);
+                summary.appendChild(headerRow);
+                // Fallback explanation note: a visible <p> below the header row,
+                // accessible to touch/keyboard users (browser tooltip via title/
+                // aria-label alone is hover-only and insufficient). Appended to
+                // summary (not labelWrap) so it renders as the second child in
+                // summary's flex-col layout, appearing below the name+badges row.
+                if (plugin.fallback) {
+                    const fbNote = document.createElement('span');
+                    fbNote.className = 'block text-xs text-yellow-300/80 mt-1';
+                    fbNote.textContent = 'The bundled version failed to start. This user-installed copy is serving as a fallback. Check the server startup log for details.';
+                    summary.appendChild(fbNote);
+                }
+                details.appendChild(summary);
+
+                const body = document.createElement('div');
+                body.id = `plugin-settings-${plugin.id}`;
+                body.className = 'px-4 py-4 border-t border-gray-800 space-y-4';
+                details.appendChild(body);
+
+                settingsTarget.appendChild(details);
+
+                const settingsResp = await fetch(`/api/plugins/${plugin.id}/settings.html`);
+                body.innerHTML = await settingsResp.text();
+                // <script> tags inserted via innerHTML are intentionally
+                // inert per the HTML5 spec — the browser parses them as
+                // DOM nodes but never runs the body. That silently breaks
+                // any plugin settings.html that wires event handlers via
+                // addEventListener (e.g. file pickers, anything that
+                // can't be expressed as an inline onclick=… attribute),
+                // and any inline IIFE that hydrates form values from
+                // localStorage. Re-create each script node — script
+                // elements created via document.createElement DO execute
+                // when appended — so plugins get the script behavior
+                // they'd expect from a normal HTML document.
+                body.querySelectorAll('script').forEach(oldScript => {
+                    const newScript = document.createElement('script');
+                    for (const attr of oldScript.attributes) {
+                        newScript.setAttribute(attr.name, attr.value);
+                    }
+                    newScript.textContent = oldScript.textContent;
+                    oldScript.parentNode.replaceChild(newScript, oldScript);
+                });
+
+            }
+
+            // Load plugin JS
+            if (plugin.has_script) {
+                const wantedVersion = plugin.version || '';
+                if (loadedScripts.get(plugin.id) !== wantedVersion) {
+                    // A different version (or none) was loaded previously —
+                    // remove the prior <script> tag for this plugin id so we
+                    // don't accumulate stale versions on upgrade/downgrade.
+                    _removePluginScriptTags(plugin.id);
+                    await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+                        const script = document.createElement('script');
+                        // Include version in URL so a plugin upgrade within the
+                        // same browser session fetches the new screen.js instead
+                        // of a cached copy keyed only by path (matches the art
+                        // URL ?v=mtime convention elsewhere in this file).
+                        const v = encodeURIComponent(wantedVersion);
+                        script.src = `/api/plugins/${plugin.id}/screen.js${v ? `?v=${v}` : ''}`;
+                        // Module-migration (R0): a migrated plugin declares
+                        // scriptType:"module" and its screen.js is `import
+                        // './src/main.js'`. A <script type="module"> fires load
+                        // only after its whole static-import graph evaluates, so
+                        // the await-onload completion + _loadingPluginId contract
+                        // below is preserved (a classic-IIFE dynamic import()
+                        // would not). Classic plugins are unaffected.
+                        if (plugin.script_type === 'module') script.type = 'module';
+                        script.dataset.pluginId = plugin.id;
+                        script.dataset.pluginVersion = wantedVersion;
+                        window.feedBack._loadingPluginId = plugin.id;
+                        script.onload = () => {
+                            if (window.feedBack._loadingPluginId === plugin.id) delete window.feedBack._loadingPluginId;
+                            loadedScripts.set(plugin.id, wantedVersion);
+                            resolve();
+                        };
+                        script.onerror = (err) => {
+                            if (window.feedBack._loadingPluginId === plugin.id) delete window.feedBack._loadingPluginId;
+                            loadedScripts.delete(plugin.id);
+                            reject(err);
+                        };
+                        document.body.appendChild(script);
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+            } catch (e) {
+                console.warn(`Plugin '${plugin.id}' failed to load, skipping:`, e);
+            }
+        }
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.error('Failed to load plugins:', e);
+        // Restore nav so a failed re-hydration call doesn't leave it blank.
+        if (_savedNav !== null && navContainer) navContainer.innerHTML = _savedNav;
+        if (_savedMobileNav !== null && mobileNavContainer) mobileNavContainer.innerHTML = _savedMobileNav;
+        _loadPluginsInFlight = false;
+        return null;
+    }
+    _loadPluginsInFlight = false;
+    return plugins;
+}
+
+// Re-run loadPlugins (and the viz picker, since a newly-ready plugin may
+// register a window.feedBackViz_<id> factory) when plugin status changes.
+// Debounced so a burst of plugin-registered/plugin-error events during
+// startup collapses into a single refetch.
+let _pluginRefreshTimer = null;
+function _refreshPluginsSoon() {
+    clearTimeout(_pluginRefreshTimer);
+    _pluginRefreshTimer = setTimeout(async () => {
+        const plugins = await loadPlugins();
+        if (plugins) {
+            _populateVizPicker(plugins);
+        } else {
+            // loadPlugins() returned null because a refetch was already in
+            // flight, so this status change would otherwise be dropped. Re-arm
+            // the debounce so the newer state is still applied once the
+            // in-flight load finishes. Reuses the 250ms delay (and the
+            // in-flight guard clears quickly), so this can't tight-loop.
+            _refreshPluginsSoon();
+        }
+    }, 250);
+}
+
+let _pluginStreamStarted = false;
+function _streamPluginStartup() {
+    // Watch the SAME /api/startup-status/stream the splash used to gate on.
+    // Instead of blocking, we let the nav render immediately (loadPlugins ran
+    // already) and refetch whenever a plugin graduates to ready or fails — so
+    // its nav slot flips from "installing…" to active/failed without a reload
+    // (#421). loadPlugins is idempotent (in-flight guard + version map), so
+    // extra refetches are cheap and safe.
+    if (_pluginStreamStarted) return;
+    _pluginStreamStarted = true;
+
+    if (typeof EventSource === 'undefined') { _pollPluginStartup(); return; }
+
+    const es = new EventSource('/api/startup-status/stream');
+    es.onmessage = (event) => {
+        let status;
+        try { status = JSON.parse(event.data); } catch { return; }
+        if (!status || status.type === 'keepalive') return;
+        const phase = (status.phase || '').trim();
+        if (phase === 'plugin-registered' || phase === 'plugin-error') {
+            _refreshPluginsSoon();
+        }
+        // Terminal: one last refetch to catch anything missed, then stop.
+        if (!status.running && (phase === 'complete' || phase === 'error')) {
+            _refreshPluginsSoon();
+            es.close();
+        }
+    };
+    es.onerror = () => {
+        // Stream dropped (proxy buffering, backend hiccup). Stop retrying the
+        // stream and fall back to a bounded poll so late installs still surface.
+        es.close();
+        _pollPluginStartup();
+    };
+}
+
+let _pollStartupStarted = false;
+async function _pollPluginStartup() {
+    // SSE-unavailable fallback: poll /api/startup-status until the backend
+    // finishes its plugin loader, refetching whenever the ready count changes
+    // or it goes terminal. Bounded so a backend that never finishes doesn't
+    // poll forever.
+    if (_pollStartupStarted) return;
+    _pollStartupStarted = true;
+    // Generous headroom over the documented worst case (whisperx → torch et al.
+    // can take 20-30 min): a 30-min ceiling would stop polling right as a
+    // slipping install — slow mirror, pip retry — actually finishes. 60 min
+    // leaves margin so the late graduation still surfaces. (#421)
+    const DEADLINE_MS = 60 * 60 * 1000;
+    const start = Date.now();
+    // Track a composite signature, not just the ready count: a plugin can fail
+    // (phase → "plugin-error", current_plugin/error change) without changing
+    // `loaded`, e.g. the next plugin breaks after all prior ones succeeded.
+    // Watching only `loaded` would miss that transition until some later
+    // ready-count change or terminal completion, so the failed/error nav state
+    // wouldn't surface. Refetch whenever any of these move.
+    let lastSig = null;
+    while (Date.now() - start < DEADLINE_MS) {
+        await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 3000));
+        try {
+            const resp = await fetch('/api/startup-status');
+            if (!resp.ok) continue;
+            const status = await resp.json();
+            const sig = JSON.stringify([
+                Number(status.loaded || 0),
+                status.phase || '',
+                status.current_plugin || '',
+                status.error || '',
+            ]);
+            if (sig !== lastSig) { lastSig = sig; _refreshPluginsSoon(); }
+            if (!status.running) { _refreshPluginsSoon(); return; }
+        } catch (_e) { /* network error — keep trying */ }
+    }
+}
+
+export async function bootstrapPluginsAndUi() {
+    // #421: never gate the nav on full plugin startup. Render it immediately
+    // from /api/plugins (ready plugins active; installing/failed disabled),
+    // then stream plugin status so each entry resolves in place as its
+    // dependencies finish installing or its load fails.
+    const plugins = await loadPlugins();
+    _streamPluginStartup();
+    return plugins;
+}
+
+
+// ── Plugin updates ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// The Settings-screen "Check for updates" / "Update" buttons. Carved out of
+// app.js (R3a) into the loader rather than a module of their own: this is plugin
+// MANAGEMENT, it belongs with the code that loads them. Both are inline handlers,
+// so app.js re-exposes them on window.
+
+export async function checkPluginUpdates() {
+    const btn = document.getElementById('btn-check-updates');
+    const status = document.getElementById('updates-status');
+    const list = document.getElementById('plugin-updates-list');
+    btn.disabled = true;
+    btn.textContent = 'Checking...';
+    status.textContent = '';
+    list.innerHTML = '';
+    try {
+        const resp = await fetch('/api/plugins/updates');
+        const data = await resp.json();
+        const updates = data.updates || {};
+        const keys = Object.keys(updates);
+        if (keys.length === 0) {
+            status.textContent = 'All plugins are up to date.';
+        } else {
+            status.textContent = `${keys.length} update${keys.length > 1 ? 's' : ''} available`;
+            for (const id of keys) {
+                const u = updates[id];
+                const row = document.createElement('div');
+                row.className = 'flex items-center gap-3 bg-dark-700 rounded-lg px-4 py-2';
+                row.innerHTML = `
+                    <span class="text-sm text-gray-300 flex-1">${u.name} <span class="text-xs text-gray-500">(${u.behind} commit${u.behind > 1 ? 's' : ''} behind — ${u.local} → ${u.remote})</span></span>
+                    <button onclick="updatePlugin('${id}', this)" class="bg-accent/20 hover:bg-accent/30 text-accent-light px-3 py-1 rounded-lg text-xs transition">Update</button>`;
+                list.appendChild(row);
+            }
+        }
+    } catch (e) {
+        status.textContent = 'Failed to check for updates.';
+    }
+    btn.disabled = false;
+    btn.textContent = 'Check for Updates';
+}
+
+export async function updatePlugin(pluginId, btn) {
+    btn.disabled = true;
+    btn.textContent = 'Updating...';
+    try {
+        const resp = await fetch(`/api/plugins/${pluginId}/update`, { method: 'POST' });
+        const data = await resp.json();
+        if (data.ok) {
+            btn.textContent = 'Updated — restart to apply';
+            btn.className = 'bg-green-900/30 text-green-400 px-3 py-1 rounded-lg text-xs';
+        } else {
+            btn.textContent = 'Failed';
+            btn.title = data.error || '';
+        }
+    } catch (e) {
+        btn.textContent = 'Error';
+    }
+}

static/js/settings-io.js

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+// Settings backup — the export / import bundle.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). A LEAF module: imports nothing.
+//
+// Two entry points, both inline handlers on the Settings screen, so app.js keeps
+// re-exposing them on window. The import is two-phase (server first, atomic; then
+// a best-effort localStorage merge) — the rationale comment below is the contract
+// and moved with the code.
+
+//
+// Bundles server config + every localStorage key + opted-in plugin server
+// files into a single JSON file.
+//
+// Apply semantics — phased, NOT all-or-nothing across the two stores:
+//   1. Server first (/api/settings/import). Phase-1 validation guards
+//      the whole bundle; phase-2 disk commit is per-file but ordered
+//      so a mid-apply failure surfaces a `partial` field. A server
+//      failure short-circuits before any localStorage write, so the
+//      browser side stays untouched on validation refusals.
+//   2. localStorage second, only after the server returns ok. Applied
+//      as a MERGE (no clear): bundled keys overwrite, locally-present
+//      keys absent from the bundle are preserved (so a plugin
+//      installed after the export keeps its first-run defaults).
+//      A localStorage exception here (quota / private mode) is
+//      surfaced verbatim — server state is already committed and we
+//      don't pretend the import was clean.
+//
+// In short: the server side is atomic in phase 1 and surface-partial in
+// phase 2; the localStorage side is best-effort merge after server
+// success. Failures are reported, never silenced.
+
+export async function exportSettings() {
+    const status = document.getElementById('backup-status');
+    status.textContent = 'Exporting...';
+    try {
+        const resp = await fetch('/api/settings/export');
+        if (!resp.ok) {
+            status.textContent = `Export failed (HTTP ${resp.status})`;
+            return;
+        }
+        const bundle = await resp.json();
+        // Layer in the browser's localStorage. Use the standard Storage
+        // iteration API (length + key(i)) rather than Object.keys —
+        // Object.keys on a Storage instance is not deterministic across
+        // browsers and can both miss entries and include non-entry
+        // properties depending on the implementation. Keys are preserved
+        // verbatim as strings; that's how localStorage stores them, and
+        // round-trip fidelity matters more than re-typing values that
+        // were never typed in the first place.
+        const localStorageData = {};
+        for (let i = 0; i < localStorage.length; i++) {
+            const key = localStorage.key(i);
+            if (key === null) continue;
+            const value = localStorage.getItem(key);
+            if (value !== null) localStorageData[key] = value;
+        }
+        bundle.local_storage = localStorageData;
+
+        // Trigger download via blob + temporary <a download>. We honor the
+        // server's Content-Disposition filename when present, otherwise
+        // fall back to a date-stamped default.
+        let filename = 'feedBack-settings.json';
+        const disposition = resp.headers.get('Content-Disposition');
+        if (disposition) {
+            const match = /filename="([^"]+)"/.exec(disposition);
+            if (match) filename = match[1];
+        }
+        const blob = new Blob([JSON.stringify(bundle, null, 2)], { type: 'application/json' });
+        const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+        const a = document.createElement('a');
+        a.href = url;
+        a.download = filename;
+        document.body.appendChild(a);
+        a.click();
+        document.body.removeChild(a);
+        URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
+        status.textContent = `Exported ${filename}`;
+    } catch (e) {
+        status.textContent = `Export failed: ${e.message}`;
+    }
+}
+
+export async function importSettings(file) {
+    if (!file) return;
+    const status = document.getElementById('backup-status');
+    if (!confirm('Import will overwrite settings present in the bundle (server config, browser preferences, and opted-in plugin data) and reload the page. Settings not in the bundle (e.g. from plugins installed after the export) are preserved. Continue?')) {
+        status.textContent = 'Import cancelled';
+        return;
+    }
+    let bundle;
+    try {
+        bundle = JSON.parse(await file.text());
+    } catch (e) {
+        status.textContent = `Import failed: not valid JSON (${e.message})`;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    status.textContent = 'Importing...';
+    let resp, data;
+    try {
+        resp = await fetch('/api/settings/import', {
+            method: 'POST',
+            headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+            body: JSON.stringify(bundle),
+        });
+        data = await resp.json();
+    } catch (e) {
+        status.textContent = `Import failed: ${e.message}`;
+        return;
+    }
+    // Two failure shapes to surface: our own validation handler
+    // returns `{ok: false, error: "..."}`, but if the body fails
+    // FastAPI's request-level validation (e.g. top-level value is
+    // an array, not an object), the response is the framework's
+    // `{detail: ...}` shape with no `ok` key. `resp.ok` distinguishes
+    // both from success without depending on which path produced
+    // the failure.
+    if (!resp.ok || data.ok === false) {
+        let msg = data.error;
+        if (!msg && data.detail) {
+            msg = typeof data.detail === 'string'
+                ? data.detail
+                : JSON.stringify(data.detail);
+        }
+        status.textContent = `Import failed: ${msg || `HTTP ${resp.status}`}`;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Server applied successfully. Now apply the localStorage portion as
+    // a MERGE (not clear+restore): keys in the bundle overwrite, keys
+    // present locally but absent from the bundle are preserved. This
+    // matters when a plugin was installed *after* the export — wiping
+    // its localStorage would erase first-run defaults the plugin set on
+    // load, leaving it in a worse state than before the import. The
+    // tradeoff is that orphan keys from removed plugins or renamed key
+    // schemes also linger; cleaning those up is the user's job.
+    const ls = bundle.local_storage;
+    if (ls && typeof ls === 'object') {
+        try {
+            for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(ls)) {
+                if (typeof value === 'string') localStorage.setItem(key, value);
+            }
+        } catch (e) {
+            // Quota exceeded / private mode etc. Server side already
+            // committed, so we surface the partial state rather than
+            // pretending it succeeded.
+            status.textContent = `Server applied, but localStorage write failed: ${e.message}`;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    const warnings = (data.warnings || []).join('; ');
+    status.textContent = warnings ? `Imported with warnings: ${warnings}. Reloading...` : 'Imported. Reloading...';
+    setTimeout(() => location.reload(), 800);
+}

static/js/tuning-display.js

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+// Tuning display — naming, string counts, and target frequencies.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). A LEAF module: imports nothing.
+//
+// Turns raw per-string semitone offsets into things a human reads: a tuning NAME
+// ("Drop D", "Eb Standard", or a raw-offsets fallback), whether an arrangement is
+// bass, its effective string count, and the target FREQUENCIES + note names the
+// tuner checks against. Pure functions over a small MIDI/note-name table.
+//
+// The window / window.feedBack assignments for these stay in app.js — they are the
+// public contract (constitution II names window.feedBack), and app.js re-exposes
+// the imported bindings from exactly where it always did, so nothing about the
+// surface or its ordering changes.
+
+// Display-only tuning label helpers — never mutate offsets or affect playback.
+function _looksLikeRawTuningOffsets(str) {
+    if (!str || typeof str !== 'string') return false;
+    const s = str.trim();
+    if (!s) return false;
+    if (/^-?\d+$/.test(s)) return true;
+    if (/^-?\d+(?: -?\d+)+$/.test(s)) return true;
+    if (/^-?\d+(?:,-?\d+)+$/.test(s)) return true;
+    if (/^-?\d+(-?\d+){2,}$/.test(s)) return true;
+    return false;
+}
+
+function _tuningNameFromOffsets(offsets) {
+    if (!offsets || !offsets.length) return '';
+    const standard = {
+        0: 'E Standard', '-1': 'Eb Standard', '-2': 'D Standard',
+        '-3': 'C# Standard', '-4': 'C Standard', '-5': 'B Standard',
+        '-6': 'Bb Standard', '-7': 'A Standard',
+        1: 'F Standard', 2: 'F# Standard',
+    };
+    // Uniform offsets across 4 (bass) / 5 / 6 strings name the same Standard;
+    // a 4-string bass [0,0,0,0] must read "E Standard", not "Custom Tuning".
+    if (offsets.length >= 4 && offsets.every((o) => o === offsets[0])) {
+        const name = standard[offsets[0]];
+        if (name) return name;
+    }
+    if (offsets.length >= 4 && offsets[0] === offsets[1] - 2
+            && offsets.slice(1).every((o) => o === offsets[1])) {
+        const noteNames = ['E', 'F', 'F#', 'G', 'Ab', 'A', 'Bb', 'B', 'C', 'C#', 'D', 'Eb'];
+        return 'Drop ' + noteNames[((offsets[0] % 12) + 12) % 12];
+    }
+    const named = {
+        '-2,0,0,0,0,0': 'Drop D',
+        '-4,-2,-2,-2,-2,-2': 'Drop C',
+        '-2,-2,0,0,0,0': 'Double Drop D',
+        '0,0,0,-1,0,0': 'Open G',
+        '-2,-2,0,0,-2,-2': 'Open D',
+        '-2,0,0,0,-2,0': 'DADGAD',
+        '0,2,2,1,0,0': 'Open E',
+        '-2,0,0,2,3,2': 'Open D (alt)',
+    };
+    if (offsets.length === 6) {
+        const key = offsets.join(',');
+        if (named[key]) return named[key];
+    }
+    return 'Custom Tuning';
+}
+
+export function displayTuningName(value, offsets) {
+    // Explicit offsets win — always name them.
+    if (Array.isArray(offsets) && offsets.length > 0) {
+        return _tuningNameFromOffsets(offsets);
+    }
+    if (value && typeof value === 'string') {
+        const trimmed = value.trim();
+        if (!trimmed || trimmed === 'Unknown') return '';
+        if (!_looksLikeRawTuningOffsets(trimmed)) {
+            return trimmed;
+        }
+        // A raw offset string (now served by the API) — parse and name it so a
+        // known tuning like "-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1" reads "Eb Standard" rather than
+        // collapsing to "Custom Tuning".
+        const parsed = (typeof parseRawTuningOffsets === 'function')
+            ? parseRawTuningOffsets(trimmed) : null;
+        if (parsed && parsed.length) return _tuningNameFromOffsets(parsed);
+        return 'Custom Tuning';
+    }
+    return '';
+}
+
+export function isBassArrangement(context) {
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    if (typeof ctx.isBass === 'boolean') return ctx.isBass;
+    const label = ((ctx.arrangement || '') + ' ' + (ctx.arrangement_smart_name || '')).toLowerCase();
+    if (/\bbass\b/.test(label)) return true;
+    if (/\b(lead|rhythm|combo|guitar)\b/.test(label)) return false;
+    return false;
+}
+
+export function effectiveStringCount(offsets, context) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(offsets) || !offsets.length) return 0;
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    const isBass = isBassArrangement(ctx);
+    let sc = ctx.stringCount > 0 ? Number(ctx.stringCount) : 0;
+    if (!isBass) {
+        if (sc > 0 && sc <= 5 && offsets.length >= 6) sc = 6;
+        if (!sc) sc = offsets.length >= 6 ? offsets.length : 6;
+    } else if (!sc) {
+        sc = offsets.length >= 5 ? offsets.length : 4;
+    }
+    return Math.min(sc, offsets.length);
+}
+
+export function songTuningContext(songInfo) {
+    if (!songInfo || typeof songInfo !== 'object') return {};
+    return {
+        stringCount: songInfo.stringCount,
+        arrangement: songInfo.arrangement,
+        arrangement_smart_name: songInfo.arrangement_smart_name,
+    };
+}
+
+// Open-string target notes (display only) — mirrors plugins/tuner/utils/tuning-utils.js.
+const _TUNING_BASE_MIDI = {
+    4: [28, 33, 38, 43],
+    5: [23, 28, 33, 38, 43],
+    6: [40, 45, 50, 55, 59, 64],
+    7: [35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 59, 64],
+    8: [30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 59, 64],
+};
+
+const _TUNING_NOTE_SHARP = ['C', 'C#', 'D', 'D#', 'E', 'F', 'F#', 'G', 'G#', 'A', 'A#', 'B'];
+
+const _TUNING_NOTE_FLAT = ['C', 'Db', 'D', 'Eb', 'E', 'F', 'Gb', 'G', 'Ab', 'A', 'Bb', 'B'];
+
+function _tuningMidiToFreq(m) {
+    return Math.pow(2, (m - 69) / 12) * 440;
+}
+
+function _tuningOffsetsToFreqs(offsets, isBass) {
+    const len = offsets.length;
+    let base;
+    if (len === 4 || len === 5) {
+        base = isBass ? _TUNING_BASE_MIDI[len] : _TUNING_BASE_MIDI[6];
+    } else {
+        base = _TUNING_BASE_MIDI[len] || _TUNING_BASE_MIDI[6];
+    }
+    return offsets.map((offset, i) => {
+        const root = i < base.length ? base[i] : base[base.length - 1];
+        return _tuningMidiToFreq(root + offset);
+    });
+}
+
+function _noteNameFromFreq(freq, useFlats) {
+    const midi = 69 + 12 * Math.log2(freq / 440);
+    const rounded = Math.round(midi);
+    const names = useFlats ? _TUNING_NOTE_FLAT : _TUNING_NOTE_SHARP;
+    return names[((rounded % 12) + 12) % 12];
+}
+
+function _octaveNoteFromFreq(freq, useFlats) {
+    const midi = 69 + 12 * Math.log2(freq / 440);
+    const rounded = Math.round(midi);
+    const octave = Math.floor(rounded / 12) - 1;
+    return _noteNameFromFreq(freq, useFlats) + octave;
+}
+
+function _stringOrdinalLabel(n) {
+    const v = n % 100;
+    if (v >= 11 && v <= 13) return n + 'th';
+    const suffix = { 1: 'st', 2: 'nd', 3: 'rd' }[n % 10] || 'th';
+    return n + suffix;
+}
+
+function _tuningTargetFreqs(offsets, context) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(offsets) || !offsets.length) return [];
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    const stringCount = effectiveStringCount(offsets, ctx);
+    const trimmed = offsets.slice(0, stringCount);
+    if (!trimmed.length) return [];
+    const isBass = isBassArrangement(ctx);
+    try {
+        return _tuningOffsetsToFreqs(trimmed, isBass);
+    } catch (_) {
+        return [];
+    }
+}
+
+// Flat vs sharp spelling. A caller that knows the preference can pass
+// ctx.useFlats; otherwise we infer from a flat-keyed tuning name. The v3
+// card/HUD pass "Custom Tuning" (raw offsets carry no key), so those default
+// to sharps unless an explicit useFlats is supplied.
+function _resolveTargetUseFlats(ctx) {
+    if (typeof ctx.useFlats === 'boolean') return ctx.useFlats;
+    return typeof ctx.tuningName === 'string' && /\b[A-G]b\b/.test(ctx.tuningName);
+}
+
+export function displayTuningTargetDetails(offsets, context) {
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    const useFlats = _resolveTargetUseFlats(ctx);
+    const freqs = _tuningTargetFreqs(offsets, ctx);
+    return freqs.map((f, i) => {
+        const stringNumber = freqs.length - i;
+        const note = _noteNameFromFreq(f, useFlats);
+        const octaveNote = _octaveNoteFromFreq(f, useFlats);
+        return {
+            stringNumber,
+            note,
+            octaveNote,
+            title: _stringOrdinalLabel(stringNumber) + ' string: ' + octaveNote,
+        };
+    });
+}
+
+export function displayTuningTargets(offsets, context) {
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    const useFlats = _resolveTargetUseFlats(ctx);
+    const freqs = _tuningTargetFreqs(offsets, ctx);
+    if (!freqs.length) return '';
+    return freqs.map((f) => _noteNameFromFreq(f, useFlats)).join(' ');
+}
+
+export function parseRawTuningOffsets(value) {
+    if (Array.isArray(value) && value.length) return value;
+    if (!value || typeof value !== 'string') return null;
+    const s = value.trim();
+    if (/^-?\d+(?: -?\d+)+$/.test(s)) {
+        return s.split(/\s+/).map((n) => Number(n));
+    }
+    if (/^-?\d+(?:,-?\d+)+$/.test(s)) {
+        return s.split(',').map((n) => Number(n));
+    }
+    return null;
+}

static/js/viz.js

@@ -0,0 +1,770 @@
+// The visualization layer — the viz picker, renderer selection, and Auto-match.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). A LEAF module: it imports NOTHING,
+// which is what lets static/js/plugin-loader.js take _populateVizPicker straight
+// from here and drop the configurePluginLoader() host seam it needed while this
+// code still lived in app.js.
+//
+// It owns the state behind those decisions (the one-shot WebGL2 probe, the
+// 3D-promotion flag, the Auto label, the notation-hint memo) — all
+// module-private, because nothing outside reads them.
+
+// ── Visualization picker (feedBack#36) ─────────────────────────────────
+//
+// Discovers viz plugins via /api/plugins and adds them to the #viz-picker
+// dropdown. A viz plugin declares itself by setting `"type": "visualization"`
+// in its plugin.json AND exposing a factory function on
+// window.feedBackViz_<id> that returns an object matching the setRenderer
+// contract ({init, draw, resize, destroy}).
+//
+// The "default" option in the dropdown is the built-in 2D highway that
+// lives inside createHighway(); selecting it calls setRenderer(null) which
+// restores the default renderer. The bundled 3D Highway plugin
+// (plugins/highway_3d/) registers as id `highway_3d` and is the new
+// fresh-install default per feedBack#160 PR 3.
+
+// ── WebGL2 detection (one-shot probe) ────────────────────────────────────
+// 3D Highway requires WebGL2. On environments where it's unavailable
+// (older browsers, some embedded webviews, software-only contexts), we
+// silently fall back to the Classic 2D Highway and flash a single toast
+// so the user knows why their highway looks different. Cached so we don't
+// thrash the GPU with repeat throwaway-canvas creations.
+let _webgl2Probe = null;
+function _canRun3D() {
+    if (_webgl2Probe !== null) return _webgl2Probe;
+    try {
+        const c = document.createElement('canvas');
+        const gl = c.getContext('webgl2');
+        _webgl2Probe = !!gl;
+        // Lose the context immediately — the probe canvas is never reused.
+        if (gl && gl.getExtension) {
+            const ext = gl.getExtension('WEBGL_lose_context');
+            if (ext && ext.loseContext) ext.loseContext();
+        }
+    } catch (_) { _webgl2Probe = false; }
+    return _webgl2Probe;
+}
+
+// ── Migration / nag flags ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// `feedBack_3d_promoted_v1` is set the first time we auto-flip an existing
+// `vizSelection='default'` user to `'highway_3d'`. Persistence ensures we
+// don't re-nag on every reload — and ensures the WebGL2 fallback path
+// doesn't ping-pong (one fallback toast, not one per page load).
+const _3D_PROMOTED_FLAG_KEY = 'feedBack_3d_promoted_v1';
+function _markPromoted() {
+    try { localStorage.setItem(_3D_PROMOTED_FLAG_KEY, '1'); } catch (_) {}
+}
+function _hasPromotedFlag() {
+    try { return localStorage.getItem(_3D_PROMOTED_FLAG_KEY) === '1'; }
+    catch (_) { return false; }
+}
+
+// Pending nag: queued during _populateVizPicker, fired on the first
+// `song:ready` (so the toast lands when the user actually opens the
+// player, not at page load when they're still in the library).
+// `song:ready` is emitted by highway.js via window.feedBack.emit(), so
+// subscribe through the same EventTarget. window.feedBack is created in
+// this same file before _populateVizPicker is reachable, so the global
+// is guaranteed to exist by the time this listener registers — but guard
+// anyway in case this module is ever loaded standalone for tests.
+let _pendingPromotionNag = false;
+if (window.feedBack && typeof window.feedBack.on === 'function') {
+    window.feedBack.on('song:ready', () => {
+        if (!_pendingPromotionNag) return;
+        _pendingPromotionNag = false;
+        _showPromotionNag();
+    });
+}
+
+function _showPromotionNag() {
+    // Lightweight toast — no dependency on a generic toast helper, since
+    // app.js doesn't currently have one. Fixed bottom-center, dismissed
+    // by clicking either action button or the × close.
+    const existing = document.getElementById('feedBack-3d-nag');
+    if (existing) existing.remove();
+    const wrap = document.createElement('div');
+    wrap.id = 'feedBack-3d-nag';
+    wrap.setAttribute('role', 'dialog');
+    wrap.setAttribute('aria-modal', 'false');
+    wrap.setAttribute('aria-label', '3D Highway upgrade notification');
+    wrap.style.cssText = `
+        position: fixed; left: 50%; bottom: 24px; transform: translateX(-50%);
+        background: linear-gradient(145deg, #1a1a30 0%, #0d0d18 100%);
+        border: 1px solid rgba(64,128,224,0.4);
+        border-radius: 12px; padding: 12px 16px;
+        box-shadow: 0 12px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.5), 0 0 0 1px rgba(64,128,224,0.15);
+        font-size: 13px; color: #e2e8f0; z-index: 10000;
+        max-width: 480px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px;
+    `;
+    wrap.innerHTML = `
+        <span aria-live="polite" style="flex:1;">Your highway was upgraded to <strong>3D</strong>.</span>
+        <button type="button" data-act="tour" style="background:rgba(64,128,224,0.25);color:#e2e8f0;border:1px solid rgba(64,128,224,0.5);padding:6px 12px;border-radius:8px;font-size:12px;cursor:pointer;">Try the tour</button>
+        <button type="button" data-act="back" style="background:transparent;color:#cbd5e1;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);padding:6px 12px;border-radius:8px;font-size:12px;cursor:pointer;">Switch back to 2D</button>
+        <button type="button" data-act="dismiss" aria-label="Dismiss" style="background:transparent;color:#6b7280;border:none;font-size:18px;cursor:pointer;padding:0 4px;line-height:1;">×</button>
+    `;
+    wrap.addEventListener('click', (ev) => {
+        const btn = ev.target.closest('button[data-act]');
+        if (!btn) return;
+        const act = btn.dataset.act;
+        if (act === 'tour') {
+            try {
+                if (window.feedBackTour && typeof window.feedBackTour.start === 'function') {
+                    window.feedBackTour.start('highway_3d');
+                }
+            } catch (_) {}
+        } else if (act === 'back') {
+            setViz('default');
+        }
+        wrap.remove();
+    });
+    document.body.appendChild(wrap);
+}
+
+function _showWebGL2FallbackToast() {
+    // One-time fallback notice. Same lightweight DOM as the nag, simpler
+    // copy and only a dismiss button.
+    if (document.getElementById('feedBack-3d-fallback')) return;
+    const wrap = document.createElement('div');
+    wrap.id = 'feedBack-3d-fallback';
+    wrap.setAttribute('role', 'dialog');
+    wrap.setAttribute('aria-modal', 'false');
+    wrap.setAttribute('aria-label', 'WebGL2 not available');
+    wrap.style.cssText = `
+        position: fixed; left: 50%; bottom: 24px; transform: translateX(-50%);
+        background: #181830; border: 1px solid rgba(255,180,80,0.4);
+        border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px 14px;
+        font-size: 12px; color: #e2e8f0; z-index: 10000;
+        display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
+    `;
+    wrap.innerHTML = `
+        <span aria-live="polite">3D Highway needs WebGL2 — falling back to Classic 2D.</span>
+        <button type="button" data-act="dismiss" aria-label="Dismiss" style="background:transparent;color:#6b7280;border:none;font-size:16px;cursor:pointer;padding:0 4px;line-height:1;">×</button>
+    `;
+    wrap.addEventListener('click', (ev) => {
+        if (ev.target.closest('button[data-act]')) wrap.remove();
+    });
+    document.body.appendChild(wrap);
+    setTimeout(() => { try { wrap.remove(); } catch (_) {} }, 8000);
+}
+
+// The "default" option in the dropdown is the built-in 2D highway that
+// lives inside createHighway(); selecting it calls setRenderer(null) which
+// restores the default renderer.
+function _ensureVenueVizOption(sel) {
+    if (!sel) return;
+    if (Array.from(sel.options).some(opt => opt.value === 'venue')) return;
+    if (!Array.from(sel.options).some(opt => opt.value === 'highway_3d')) return;
+    const h3dOpt = Array.from(sel.options).find(opt => opt.value === 'highway_3d');
+    const opt = document.createElement('option');
+    opt.value = 'venue';
+    opt.textContent = 'Venue';
+    if (h3dOpt && h3dOpt.nextSibling) sel.insertBefore(opt, h3dOpt.nextSibling);
+    else sel.appendChild(opt);
+}
+
+function _syncVenueVizPlayerClass(vizId) {
+    if (window.v3VenueViz && typeof window.v3VenueViz.setSelectedVizId === 'function') {
+        window.v3VenueViz.setSelectedVizId(vizId);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (window.v3VenueViz && typeof window.v3VenueViz.syncPlayerVizClass === 'function') {
+        window.v3VenueViz.syncPlayerVizClass(vizId);
+        return;
+    }
+    const player = document.getElementById('player');
+    if (player) player.classList.toggle('is-venue-visualization', vizId === 'venue');
+}
+
+export async function _populateVizPicker(plugins) {
+    const sel = document.getElementById('viz-picker');
+    if (!sel) return;
+    // Clear any previously-appended plugin options so calling this
+    // function more than once (e.g. from DevTools, or a hot-reloaded
+    // plugin) doesn't produce duplicates. The built-in "auto" and
+    // "default" options are static markup — preserve them.
+    const BUILTIN_OPT_VALUES = new Set(['auto', 'default', 'venue']);
+    Array.from(sel.options).forEach(opt => {
+        if (!BUILTIN_OPT_VALUES.has(opt.value)) sel.removeChild(opt);
+    });
+    // Accept a pre-fetched plugins array (normal startup path reuses
+    // loadPlugins' fetch). Fall back to our own fetch if called
+    // standalone — e.g. from the DevTools console for debugging.
+    if (!Array.isArray(plugins)) {
+        plugins = [];
+        try {
+            const resp = await fetch('/api/plugins');
+            if (resp.ok) plugins = await resp.json();
+        } catch (e) {
+            console.warn('viz picker: /api/plugins fetch failed', e);
+        }
+    }
+    const vizPlugins = plugins.filter(p => p && p.type === 'visualization');
+    // "default" is reserved for the built-in 2D renderer option and
+    // "auto" is reserved for the Auto-mode entry — both already in the
+    // <select>. A plugin with either id would collide: the
+    // restore-from-localStorage lookup would find the built-in entry,
+    // dragging the plugin into never-selected land silently. Fail
+    // loudly instead.
+    const RESERVED_IDS = new Set(['default', 'auto']);
+    for (const p of vizPlugins) {
+        if (RESERVED_IDS.has(p.id)) {
+            console.error(`viz picker: plugin id '${p.id}' collides with a reserved built-in picker entry ('auto' = Auto mode, 'default' = built-in 2D highway); rename the plugin's id in plugin.json to include it in the picker.`);
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Skip entries where the plugin script hasn't exposed a factory —
+        // likely means the script failed to load, or the plugin declared
+        // itself as a viz without shipping the factory yet.
+        const factoryName = 'feedBackViz_' + p.id;
+        if (typeof window[factoryName] !== 'function') {
+            console.warn(`viz picker: plugin '${p.id}' has type=visualization but ${factoryName} is not a function; skipping`);
+            continue;
+        }
+        const opt = document.createElement('option');
+        opt.value = p.id;
+        opt.textContent = p.name || p.id;
+        sel.appendChild(opt);
+    }
+    _ensureVenueVizOption(sel);
+    // Refresh the visualization capability domain's provider registry from
+    // the picker entries just built (the domain host introspects each
+    // factory global for contextType / predicate metadata).
+    if (window.feedBack.vizDomain && typeof window.feedBack.vizDomain.refreshProviders === 'function') {
+        try {
+            // The host reads manifest-declared per-instance settings
+            // (capabilities.visualization.settings, feedBack#849) from the
+            // registered capability participant by id — no need to pass them
+            // through the picker here.
+            window.feedBack.vizDomain.refreshProviders(
+                Array.from(sel.options)
+                    .filter(opt => !BUILTIN_OPT_VALUES.has(opt.value))
+                    .map(opt => ({ id: opt.value, label: opt.text }))
+            );
+        } catch (e) { console.warn('viz picker: capability provider refresh failed', e); }
+    }
+    // Restore previous selection if still available. Direct option
+    // scan instead of a CSS-selector lookup so we don't depend on
+    // CSS.escape (missing in some test environments / older runtimes)
+    // and so a weird saved string (e.g. with a quote) can't throw.
+    // localStorage.getItem can itself throw when storage is blocked
+    // (private mode, sandboxed iframes, some strict test runners);
+    // fall back to null so the startup chain doesn't abort.
+    let saved = null;
+    try { saved = localStorage.getItem('vizSelection'); }
+    catch (e) { console.warn('viz picker: unable to read vizSelection', e); }
+
+    // ── 3D promotion migration (feedBack#160 PR 3) ──────────────────────
+    // Existing users with `vizSelection='default'` (the old built-in 2D
+    // highway) are auto-flipped to the bundled 3D Highway exactly once,
+    // and a non-modal nag toast offers them "Try the tour" / "Switch
+    // back to 2D" the first time they open the player. Users on `auto`
+    // are left alone (auto-pick semantics unchanged). Users on a custom
+    // viz plugin are left alone. WebGL2 absence falls back via setViz.
+    if (saved === 'default' && !_hasPromotedFlag()) {
+        const has3D = Array.from(sel.options).some(o => o.value === 'highway_3d');
+        if (has3D && _canRun3D()) {
+            saved = 'highway_3d';
+            try { localStorage.setItem('vizSelection', 'highway_3d'); } catch (_) {}
+            _markPromoted();
+            _pendingPromotionNag = true;
+            // Race guard: if song:ready already fired before _populateVizPicker
+            // ran (e.g. a deeplink or a fast-loading song), getSongInfo() will
+            // already be non-empty and we'll never receive another song:ready
+            // in this session. Show the nag immediately in that case.
+            const _si = window.highway && window.highway.getSongInfo();
+            if (_si && _si.title) {
+                _pendingPromotionNag = false;
+                _showPromotionNag();
+            }
+        } else if (has3D && !_canRun3D()) {
+            // 3D registered but WebGL2 absent — promote in name but
+            // immediately fall back so we don't ping-pong on every load.
+            // Set the flag so we don't try again next reload.
+            _markPromoted();
+            _showWebGL2FallbackToast();
+        }
+        // No `highway_3d` option (plugin unloaded?) → leave saved as
+        // 'default'. We'll retry the migration once the plugin is back.
+    }
+
+    const savedMatches = saved && Array.from(sel.options).some(opt => opt.value === saved);
+    if (savedMatches) {
+        sel.value = saved;
+        // 'default' needs no setViz — the highway already starts with
+        // the built-in renderer. 'auto' runs setViz so _autoMatchViz
+        // fires, though it's a no-op before the first song_info frame.
+        if (saved !== 'default') setViz(saved);
+    } else if (saved) {
+        // Saved selection references an option that no longer exists —
+        // plugin uninstalled since last session, renamed, or the plugin
+        // script failed to register its factory this time. Clear the
+        // stale value so we don't keep trying the same missing viz on
+        // every reload, and fall through to the fresh-install default
+        // below.
+        try { localStorage.removeItem('vizSelection'); }
+        catch (_) { /* storage blocked; ignore */ }
+        saved = null;
+    }
+    if (!saved) {
+        // Fresh install (or post-cleanup fallthrough): default to the
+        // bundled 3D Highway when available + WebGL2-capable, falling
+        // back to Auto otherwise so the arrangement-matching plugins
+        // (piano on Keys songs, drums on Drums songs, ...) still take
+        // over for non-3D arrangements.
+        const has3D = Array.from(sel.options).some(o => o.value === 'highway_3d');
+        if (has3D && _canRun3D()) {
+            sel.value = 'highway_3d';
+            try { localStorage.setItem('vizSelection', 'highway_3d'); } catch (_) {}
+            setViz('highway_3d');
+        } else {
+            sel.value = 'auto';
+            try { localStorage.setItem('vizSelection', 'auto'); } catch (_) {}
+            if (has3D && !_canRun3D()) { _markPromoted(); _showWebGL2FallbackToast(); }
+        }
+    }
+    // Close a startup race: if playback began before loadPlugins
+    // finished, song:ready already fired while the picker had no
+    // plugin options — _autoMatchViz saw no candidates and left the
+    // default active. Now that plugins are registered, re-evaluate
+    // against whatever song is currently loaded (a no-op when no song
+    // has been loaded yet, since highway.getSongInfo() returns {}).
+    if (sel.value === 'auto') _autoMatchViz();
+}
+
+function _tagVizRenderer(renderer, id) {
+    if (!renderer || !id) return renderer;
+    try {
+        if (!renderer.pluginId) renderer.pluginId = id;
+        if (!renderer.source) renderer.source = id;
+    } catch (_) {}
+    return renderer;
+}
+
+// Attribution hooks into the visualization capability domain (cap:6).
+// Guarded no-ops when the domain host isn't loaded (minimal/test pages).
+function _notifyVizDomain(id, source) {
+    const domain = window.feedBack && window.feedBack.vizDomain;
+    if (domain && typeof domain.notifyRendererChanged === 'function') {
+        try { domain.notifyRendererChanged(id, source); } catch (_) {}
+    }
+}
+
+function _noteVizAutoMatch(id, matched) {
+    const domain = window.feedBack && window.feedBack.vizDomain;
+    if (domain && typeof domain.noteAutoMatch === 'function') {
+        try { domain.noteAutoMatch(id, matched); } catch (_) {}
+    }
+}
+
+function _installVizRenderer(renderer, id, source = 'user-select') {
+    highway.setRenderer(_tagVizRenderer(renderer, id));
+    // Drop any stale notation-view hint now that we have a resolved renderer id.
+    // This is also the path used by _autoMatchViz() after it resolves 'auto' to
+    // a real plugin id, so the null passed at evaluation start is corrected here.
+    _dropStaleNotationHint(id);
+    _notifyVizDomain(id, source);
+    if (window.v3VenueViz && typeof window.v3VenueViz.notifyRendererInstalled === 'function') {
+        window.v3VenueViz.notifyRendererInstalled(id);
+    }
+}
+
+export function setViz(id) {
+    // Helper: reset the UI and persisted selection to the built-in
+    // "default" entry. Called whenever the requested viz can't be
+    // applied (missing factory, factory threw, factory returned a
+    // non-conforming renderer) so the picker, localStorage, and the
+    // highway's active renderer stay in sync.
+    const fallbackToDefault = () => {
+        try { localStorage.setItem('vizSelection', 'default'); } catch (_) {}
+        const sel = document.getElementById('viz-picker');
+        if (sel) sel.value = 'default';
+        highway.setRenderer(null);
+        _syncVenueVizPlayerClass('default');
+        if (window.v3VenueScene3d && typeof window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz === 'function') {
+            window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz('default');
+        }
+        _notifyVizDomain('default', 'fallback');
+        _maybeShowNotationViewHint('default');
+    };
+
+    // When switching away from Auto, reset the closed-state label so the
+    // Auto option shows base text the next time the user opens the dropdown.
+    // Also cancel any pending viz:renderer:ready listener from the previous
+    // Auto match cycle so it can't set a stale label after we've moved on.
+    if (id !== 'auto') {
+        if (_cancelPendingAutoLabel) { _cancelPendingAutoLabel(); _cancelPendingAutoLabel = null; }
+        _setAutoVizLabel(null);
+    }
+
+    if (id === 'default' || !id) {
+        try { localStorage.setItem('vizSelection', id || 'default'); } catch (_) {}
+        const _sel = document.getElementById('viz-picker');
+        if (_sel) _sel.value = 'default';
+        highway.setRenderer(null);
+        _syncVenueVizPlayerClass('default');
+        if (window.v3VenueScene3d && typeof window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz === 'function') {
+            window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz('default');
+        }
+        _notifyVizDomain('default', 'user-select');
+        _maybeShowNotationViewHint('default');
+        return;
+    }
+    if (id === 'auto') {
+        try { localStorage.setItem('vizSelection', 'auto'); } catch (_) {}
+        _syncVenueVizPlayerClass('auto');
+        if (window.v3VenueScene3d && typeof window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz === 'function') {
+            window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz('auto');
+        }
+        _autoMatchViz();
+        return;
+    }
+    if (id === 'venue') {
+        if (!_canRun3D()) {
+            console.warn('viz picker: WebGL2 unavailable, falling back to Classic 2D Highway');
+            _markPromoted();
+            _showWebGL2FallbackToast();
+            fallbackToDefault();
+            return;
+        }
+        const venueFactory = window['feedBackViz_highway_3d'];
+        if (typeof venueFactory !== 'function') {
+            console.error('viz picker: venue requires feedBackViz_highway_3d');
+            fallbackToDefault();
+            return;
+        }
+        let venueRenderer;
+        try { venueRenderer = venueFactory(); }
+        catch (e) {
+            console.error('viz picker: feedBackViz_highway_3d threw for venue mode', e);
+            fallbackToDefault();
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!venueRenderer || typeof venueRenderer.draw !== 'function') {
+            console.error('viz picker: feedBackViz_highway_3d returned an invalid renderer for venue mode');
+            fallbackToDefault();
+            return;
+        }
+        try { localStorage.setItem('vizSelection', 'venue'); } catch (_) {}
+        const _venueSel = document.getElementById('viz-picker');
+        if (_venueSel) _venueSel.value = 'venue';
+        _installVizRenderer(venueRenderer, 'highway_3d');
+        _syncVenueVizPlayerClass('venue');
+        console.info('[venue-viz] selected venue -> renderer highway_3d, venueClass=true');
+        if (window.v3VenueMoodFx && typeof window.v3VenueMoodFx.onVenueVisualizationSelected === 'function') {
+            window.v3VenueMoodFx.onVenueVisualizationSelected();
+        }
+        if (window.v3VenueScene3d && typeof window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz === 'function') {
+            window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz('venue');
+        }
+        _maybeShowNotationViewHint('highway_3d');
+        return;
+    }
+    // 3D Highway specifically gates on WebGL2. Any future WebGL viz
+    // plugin should declare its own probe — for now the bundled 3D
+    // Highway is the only viz with this requirement, so the gate is
+    // hardcoded. Falling back to 'default' (Classic 2D) keeps the
+    // picker in sync; toast informs the user.
+    if (id === 'highway_3d' && !_canRun3D()) {
+        console.warn('viz picker: WebGL2 unavailable, falling back to Classic 2D Highway');
+        _markPromoted();
+        _showWebGL2FallbackToast();
+        fallbackToDefault();
+        return;
+    }
+    const factory = window['feedBackViz_' + id];
+    if (typeof factory !== 'function') {
+        console.error(`viz picker: factory feedBackViz_${id} not available`);
+        fallbackToDefault();
+        return;
+    }
+    let renderer;
+    try { renderer = factory(); }
+    catch (e) {
+        console.error(`viz picker: factory feedBackViz_${id} threw`, e);
+        fallbackToDefault();
+        return;
+    }
+    // Validate shape — highway.setRenderer will itself fall back to
+    // default on a bad renderer, but without this check the UI and
+    // localStorage would still advertise the broken selection.
+    if (!renderer || typeof renderer.draw !== 'function') {
+        console.error(`viz picker: factory feedBackViz_${id} returned an invalid renderer (missing draw)`);
+        fallbackToDefault();
+        return;
+    }
+    // Persist only once we know the renderer is valid.
+    try { localStorage.setItem('vizSelection', id); } catch (_) {}
+    _installVizRenderer(renderer, id);
+    _syncVenueVizPlayerClass(id);
+    if (window.v3VenueScene3d && typeof window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz === 'function') {
+        window.v3VenueScene3d.syncViz(id);
+    }
+    _maybeShowNotationViewHint(id);
+}
+
+// Auto mode: evaluate each registered viz factory's static
+// `matchesArrangement(songInfo)` predicate and install the first
+// matching renderer. No match → fall back to the built-in 2D highway.
+//
+// vizSelection stays 'auto' across invocations so the next song:ready
+// re-evaluates. An explicit picker choice overrides Auto by persisting
+// a different vizSelection.
+//
+// Enumerates viz plugins by walking the picker's own <option> list —
+// that's the canonical set built by _populateVizPicker above and keeps
+// us from needing a second module-level registry.
+// Helper: update the closed-state label of the Auto option to show what was resolved.
+// Resets to the base label when called with no argument (at evaluation start).
+// _autoVizBaseLabel is captured from the DOM on first call so the reset text
+// always matches the initial markup rather than a hardcoded duplicate.
+let _autoVizBaseLabel = null;
+function _setAutoVizLabel(resolvedText) {
+    const opt = document.querySelector('#viz-picker option[value="auto"]');
+    if (!opt) return;
+    if (_autoVizBaseLabel === null) _autoVizBaseLabel = opt.text;
+    opt.text = resolvedText != null ? `Auto \u2192 ${resolvedText}` : _autoVizBaseLabel;
+}
+
+// Holds a cleanup function for the pending viz:renderer:ready listener
+// registered by _autoMatchViz(). Called at the start of each new evaluation
+// to remove any listener left over from the previous match cycle.
+let _cancelPendingAutoLabel = null;
+
+// One-shot (per song) hint shown when a notation-only arrangement falls back
+// to the built-in 2D highway. Such arrangements carry no wire notes
+// (sloppak-spec §5.3: `file:` may be omitted when `notation:` is present), so
+// the default renderer draws an empty board — without this the user is left
+// staring at a silently blank highway. Core ships no notation view; point at
+// the viz picker instead.
+let _notationHintShownFor = null;
+function _showNotationViewHint(arrangementIndex, activeVizId) {
+    const filename = (window.feedBack && window.feedBack.currentSong
+        && window.feedBack.currentSong.filename) || '';
+    if (_notationHintShownFor === filename) return;
+    _notationHintShownFor = filename;
+    const player = document.getElementById('player');
+    if (!player) return;
+    const prev = document.getElementById('notation-view-hint');
+    if (prev) prev.remove();
+    const el = document.createElement('div');
+    el.id = 'notation-view-hint';
+    el.className = 'notation-view-hint';
+    el.dataset.filename = filename;
+    if (arrangementIndex != null) el.dataset.arrangementIndex = String(arrangementIndex);
+    if (activeVizId) el.dataset.vizId = String(activeVizId);
+    el.textContent = 'This arrangement is notation-only — the built-in highway has nothing to draw. '
+        + 'Install a notation view plugin (e.g. Staff View or Keys Highway 3D) and select it in the visualization picker.';
+    const close = document.createElement('button');
+    close.className = 'notation-view-hint-close';
+    close.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Dismiss');
+    close.textContent = '×';
+    close.addEventListener('click', () => el.remove());
+    el.appendChild(close);
+    player.appendChild(el);
+    setTimeout(() => { el.remove(); }, 15000);
+}
+
+// Decide whether the active song needs the notation-view hint: the song is
+// notation-only (has_notation + zero wire notes on the active arrangement)
+// AND the given viz doesn't claim it via matchesArrangement. Covers both the
+// Auto fallthrough (activeVizId='default') and explicit selections, where the
+// renderer persists across songs — e.g. the fresh-install default highway_3d
+// would otherwise show a silently empty 3D board on a notation-only song.
+// Returns true when the hint was shown.
+// A hint left over from a previous song refers to the wrong arrangement —
+// drop it whenever the viz evaluation runs for a different filename, a
+// different arrangement index, or a different active viz.
+function _dropStaleNotationHint(activeVizId) {
+    const stale = document.getElementById('notation-view-hint');
+    if (!stale) return;
+    const curFilename = (window.feedBack && window.feedBack.currentSong
+        && window.feedBack.currentSong.filename) || '';
+    if (stale.dataset.filename !== curFilename) { stale.remove(); return; }
+    const songInfo = (typeof highway !== 'undefined' && typeof highway.getSongInfo === 'function')
+        ? (highway.getSongInfo() || {}) : {};
+    const curArrIdx = songInfo.arrangement_index != null ? String(songInfo.arrangement_index) : null;
+    if (curArrIdx !== null && stale.dataset.arrangementIndex !== undefined
+            && stale.dataset.arrangementIndex !== curArrIdx) {
+        stale.remove(); return;
+    }
+    if (activeVizId && stale.dataset.vizId !== undefined && stale.dataset.vizId !== String(activeVizId)) {
+        stale.remove();
+    }
+}
+
+export function _maybeShowNotationViewHint(activeVizId) {
+    _dropStaleNotationHint(activeVizId);
+    const songInfo = (typeof highway !== 'undefined' && typeof highway.getSongInfo === 'function')
+        ? (highway.getSongInfo() || {}) : {};
+    const activeArr = Array.isArray(songInfo.arrangements)
+        ? songInfo.arrangements.find(a => a.index === songInfo.arrangement_index)
+        : null;
+    if (!(songInfo.has_notation && activeArr && activeArr.notes === 0)) {
+        // Condition no longer holds (arrangement switched to one with notes, or
+        // notation flag cleared) — remove any residual hint so it doesn't
+        // linger and contradict current state.
+        const existing = document.getElementById('notation-view-hint');
+        if (existing) existing.remove();
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (activeVizId && activeVizId !== 'default' && activeVizId !== 'auto') {
+        const factory = window['feedBackViz_' + activeVizId];
+        let claimed = false;
+        try {
+            claimed = typeof factory === 'function'
+                && typeof factory.matchesArrangement === 'function'
+                && !!factory.matchesArrangement(songInfo);
+        } catch (_) { /* predicate threw — treat as unclaimed */ }
+        if (claimed) {
+            // Renderer now claims notation — drop any existing hint.
+            const existing = document.getElementById('notation-view-hint');
+            if (existing) existing.remove();
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    _showNotationViewHint(songInfo.arrangement_index, activeVizId);
+    return true;
+}
+
+export function _autoMatchViz() {
+    const sel = document.getElementById('viz-picker');
+    if (!sel) return;
+    // Pass null here: sel.value is 'auto', which is never a valid viz-id hint
+    // key. Passing 'auto' would incorrectly drop hints whose data-viz-id is
+    // 'default' (the resolved renderer after a no-match pass), making the
+    // hint unshowable for the rest of the song. Drop using the resolved id
+    // happens later inside _installVizRenderer once the id is known.
+    _dropStaleNotationHint(null);
+    // Cancel any pending viz:renderer:ready listener from a previous match
+    // cycle. The song may change before the previous renderer's async init
+    // settles; we don't want that stale listener to clobber the new label.
+    if (_cancelPendingAutoLabel) { _cancelPendingAutoLabel(); _cancelPendingAutoLabel = null; }
+    // Reset label at evaluation start so a stale resolved label never persists
+    // if the song changes or the picker re-evaluates with a different outcome.
+    _setAutoVizLabel(null);
+    const songInfo = (typeof highway !== 'undefined' && typeof highway.getSongInfo === 'function')
+        ? (highway.getSongInfo() || {}) : {};
+    // Only update the label when a real song is loaded. Before the first
+    // song_info frame, getSongInfo() returns {} — leaving the reset state
+    // ("Auto (match arrangement)") is correct; we haven't evaluated yet.
+    const hasSong = Object.keys(songInfo).length > 0;
+    // Options are stable in DOM order, which matches what users see in
+    // the picker. The underlying order comes from /api/plugins →
+    // _populateVizPicker, and /api/plugins reflects the order the
+    // plugin loader discovered plugins in — plugins/__init__.py walks
+    // `sorted(plugins_base_dir.iterdir())`, i.e. sorted by the on-disk
+    // PLUGIN DIRECTORY name (e.g. "feedBack-plugin-drums" sorts
+    // before "feedBack-plugin-piano"), not by the plugin id declared
+    // in plugin.json. Two consequences worth noting:
+    //   1. First match wins among registered viz plugins — keep each
+    //      plugin's matchesArrangement predicate narrow to avoid
+    //      stealing songs from more specialized viz.
+    //   2. If you need a strict priority when multiple plugins match
+    //      the same song, name the higher-priority plugin's directory
+    //      earlier alphabetically. The picker dropdown reveals the
+    //      actual tiebreaker at a glance.
+    const candidateIds = Array.from(sel.options)
+        .map(o => o.value)
+        .filter(v => v !== 'auto' && v !== 'default');
+    for (const id of candidateIds) {
+        const factory = window['feedBackViz_' + id];
+        if (typeof factory !== 'function') continue;
+        // If the factory statically declares contextType='webgl2', gate on
+        // WebGL2 availability so a match never installs a renderer that'll
+        // fail at init. This is the generic version of the old hard-coded
+        // highway_3d check — any future WebGL2 viz gets the same protection
+        // for free without needing a special-case here.
+        const factoryCtxType = typeof factory.contextType === 'string' ? factory.contextType : '2d';
+        if (factoryCtxType === 'webgl2' && !_canRun3D()) continue;
+        const predicate = factory.matchesArrangement;
+        if (typeof predicate !== 'function') continue;
+        let matched = false;
+        try { matched = !!predicate(songInfo); }
+        catch (err) {
+            console.error(`viz auto: matchesArrangement for ${id} threw`, err);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!matched) continue;
+        let renderer;
+        try { renderer = factory(); }
+        catch (err) {
+            console.error(`viz auto: factory feedBackViz_${id} threw`, err);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!renderer || typeof renderer.draw !== 'function') {
+            console.error(`viz auto: factory feedBackViz_${id} returned an invalid renderer (missing draw)`);
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Deliberately NOT persisting id — vizSelection stays 'auto' so
+        // the next song:ready re-evaluates against the new arrangement.
+        //
+        // Register the viz:renderer:ready listener BEFORE setRenderer() so we
+        // don't miss the event for sync renderers (no readyPromise), which emit
+        // it immediately inside setRenderer(). The _onReady guard still checks
+        // sel.value so a sync init failure (viz:reverted → sel.value='default')
+        // that fires during setRenderer() is handled correctly — the listener
+        // fires but finds sel.value !== 'auto' and skips the label update.
+        if (hasSong) {
+            const matchedOpt = Array.from(sel.options).find(o => o.value === id);
+            const labelText = matchedOpt ? matchedOpt.text : id;
+            function _onReady() { if (sel.value === 'auto') _setAutoVizLabel(labelText); }
+            window.feedBack.on('viz:renderer:ready', _onReady, { once: true });
+            _cancelPendingAutoLabel = () => window.feedBack.off('viz:renderer:ready', _onReady);
+        }
+        _installVizRenderer(renderer, id, 'auto-match');
+        _noteVizAutoMatch(id, true);
+        return;
+    }
+    // No match — restore the built-in 2D highway. setRenderer(null) is
+    // a no-op when the default is already active. If the previous Auto
+    // pick was a WebGL renderer, highway.setRenderer() handles the
+    // context-type change by replacing the canvas element (cloneNode +
+    // replaceWith) so the default 2D renderer's getContext('2d') always
+    // succeeds — no canvas-lock limitation here.
+    highway.setRenderer(null);
+    _notifyVizDomain('default', 'auto-match');
+    _noteVizAutoMatch('default', false);
+    // Update the label so the user can see Auto resolved to the built-in
+    // highway. Read from the DOM rather than hard-coding the name so a
+    // future rename of the default entry is automatically reflected.
+    if (hasSong) {
+        const defaultOpt = Array.from(sel.options).find(o => o.value === 'default');
+        // Notation-only arrangement falling through to the default renderer:
+        // there are no wire notes, so the board would be silently empty.
+        // Flag it in the Auto label and show the one-shot install hint.
+        if (_maybeShowNotationViewHint('default')) {
+            _setAutoVizLabel('no notation view installed');
+        } else {
+            _setAutoVizLabel(defaultOpt ? defaultOpt.text : null);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ── viz:reverted ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Lifted out of a top-level listener block in app.js that it shared with the
+// non-viz song:loaded / arrangement:changed / song:ready handlers (those stay).
+//
+// It has to move WITH the state: it REASSIGNS `_cancelPendingAutoLabel`, and an
+// imported binding is read-only — `_cancelPendingAutoLabel = null` would throw if
+// this listener stayed behind in app.js. Same guard as the block it came from.
+if (window.feedBack && typeof window.feedBack.on === 'function') {
+    // Highway signals when it's auto-reverted to the default renderer
+    // after a broken plugin (init failure or repeated draw failures).
+    // Sync the picker + persisted selection so the UI stops advertising
+    // the broken choice and the user doesn't hit the same failure on
+    // next reload.
+    window.feedBack.on('viz:reverted', (e) => {
+        const sel = document.getElementById('viz-picker');
+        if (sel) sel.value = 'default';
+        // Cancel any pending viz:renderer:ready label listener — the renderer
+        // that was queued never became (or stayed) active.
+        if (_cancelPendingAutoLabel) { _cancelPendingAutoLabel(); _cancelPendingAutoLabel = null; }
+        // Clear any Auto-resolved label — the renderer that was advertised
+        // never became (or stayed) active.
+        _setAutoVizLabel(null);
+        try { localStorage.setItem('vizSelection', 'default'); } catch (_) {}
+        console.warn(
+            `viz picker: reverted to default renderer (${e.detail?.reason || 'unknown'}).`
+        );
+    });
+}
+

static/v3/badges.js

@@ -592,6 +592,8 @@
             sm.on('working-tuning-changed', () => renderInstrument());
         }
     }
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
     else boot();
 })();

static/v3/dashboard.js

@@ -271,6 +271,8 @@
         sm.on('v3:profile-updated', () => render());
     }
     function boot() { render(); }
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
     else boot();
 })();

static/v3/feedbarcade.js

@@ -273,7 +273,9 @@
         // the stage observer attaches.
         window.addEventListener('feedBack-minigames-ready', () => { ensureStageObserver(); refresh(); });
     }
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
     } else {
         boot();

static/v3/index.html

@@ -99,23 +99,39 @@
     <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/tour-engine.css">
     <!-- v0.3.0 shell styles (radial-gradient bg, custom scrollbars). -->
     <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/v3/v3.css">
+    <!-- EVERY external script below is `defer`. Do not add a plain one.
+         `defer` and `type="module"` scripts share a single "execute after
+         parsing" list and run in DOCUMENT ORDER; a plain classic script runs
+         DURING parse, ahead of all of them. So one plain tag would jump the
+         queue — and once the capabilities become modules (they defer), a
+         still-plain app.js would run BEFORE the bus exists and die on its
+         top-level `window.feedBack.on(...)` calls. Keeping every tag deferred
+         is what preserves this file's order through the ES-module migration.
+         Enforced by test_every_external_script_defers_so_document_order_is_execution_order.
+
+         The scripts themselves boot on DOMContentLoaded, which fires only after
+         all of the above have evaluated — that is what lets a script's boot()
+         use a global another script defines further down this list (there are
+         ~43 such forward references). Their readyState guards therefore treat
+         'interactive' as not-ready; see the note at each one. -->
+
     <!-- Diagnostics console capture must wrap console.* before any other
          script logs anything; load it as early as possible. See
          docs/diagnostics-bundle-spec.md (feedBack#166). -->
-    <script src="/static/diagnostics.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/library.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/tuning.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/working-tuning.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/audio-session.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/audio-effects.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/playback.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/diagnostics.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/library.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/tuning.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/working-tuning.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/audio-session.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/audio-effects.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/playback.js"></script>
     <!-- fee[dB]ack v0.3.0: ui.library-card-injection capability (plugin card actions). -->
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/library-card-actions.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/visualization.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/note-detection.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/midi-input.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/capabilities/interface-scale.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/library-card-actions.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/visualization.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/note-detection.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/midi-input.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/capabilities/interface-scale.js"></script>
 </head>
 <body class="h-screen flex overflow-hidden bg-fb-sidebar text-fb-text font-display">
 
@@ -1225,64 +1241,64 @@
     </main>
     <!-- /#v3-main -->
 
-    <script src="/static/highway.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/vendor/lottie.min.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/lottie-api.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/app.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/audio-mixer.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/vendor/shepherd.min.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/tour-engine.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/highway.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/vendor/lottie.min.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/lottie-api.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="/static/app.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/audio-mixer.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/vendor/shepherd.min.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/tour-engine.js"></script>
     <!-- fee[dB]ack v0.3.0 shell: brand helper, then the shell (sidebar/topbar/
          routing). Loaded after app.js/audio-mixer so window.showScreen and
          window.feedBack(.audio) exist; dashboard.js is filled in prompt 13. -->
-    <script src="/static/v3/brand.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/shell.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/brand.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/shell.js"></script>
     <!-- Progression (spec 010): theme-core before profile.js so the equipped
          theme/avatar frame apply with the first badge render; progression-core
          registers the `progression` capability owner + window.v3Progression. -->
-    <script src="/static/v3/theme-core.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/progression-core.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/notifications.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/profile.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/progress.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/shop.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/tuner-core.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/badges.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/stats-recorder.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/live-performance-hud.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/scoreboard-pref.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/venue-viz.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/venue-instrument-pov.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/theme-core.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/progression-core.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/notifications.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/profile.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/progress.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/shop.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/tuner-core.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/badges.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/stats-recorder.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/live-performance-hud.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/scoreboard-pref.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/venue-viz.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/venue-instrument-pov.js"></script>
     <!-- venue-mood-fx must load before venue-scene-3d: the scene bridge reads
          window.v3VenueMoodFx.getMotion() synchronously at boot when the saved
          viz is 'venue'; loading it after falls back to 'subtle' and ignores a
          saved 'off'/'full' motion preference on first paint. -->
-    <script src="/static/v3/venue-mood-fx.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/venue-scene-3d.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/playlists.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/audio-routing.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/live-guitar-tone-source.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/pedal-cables.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/plugins-page.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/card-actions-core.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/venue-mood-fx.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/venue-scene-3d.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/playlists.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/audio-routing.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/live-guitar-tone-source.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/pedal-cables.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/plugins-page.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/card-actions-core.js"></script>
     <!-- Before songs.js: the songs toolbar calls the match-review chip hook
          on build, so the module must already be registered. -->
-    <script src="/static/v3/match-review.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/match-review.js"></script>
     <!-- Before songs.js: the drawer art click + card ⋮ "Change cover…" open
          the cover picker (window.__fbOpenImagePicker). -->
-    <script src="/static/v3/image-picker.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/songs.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/lessons.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/dashboard.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/settings.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/interface-size-ui.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/image-picker.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/songs.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/lessons.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/dashboard.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/settings.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/interface-size-ui.js"></script>
     <!-- First-run home tour: spotlights the home cards via the shared tour
          engine (tour-engine.js, loaded above). Auto-runs once after onboarding
          (triggered from profile.js finish()); replayable from the "?" menu. -->
-    <script src="/static/v3/onboarding-tour.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/interface-size-nudge.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/feedbarcade.js"></script>
-    <script src="/static/v3/player-chrome.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/onboarding-tour.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/interface-size-nudge.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/feedbarcade.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="/static/v3/player-chrome.js"></script>
     <script>
         // Navbar scroll effect
         window.addEventListener('scroll', () => {

static/v3/interface-size-nudge.js

@@ -71,7 +71,9 @@
         setTimeout(maybeNudge, 4000);
     }
 
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', start, { once: true });
     } else {
         start();

static/v3/interface-size-ui.js

@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@
     // Settings markup is static, but re-sync when settings.js signals it wired.
     document.addEventListener('v3:settings-rendered', function () { sync(); });
 
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () { sync(); }, { once: true });
     } else {
         sync();

static/v3/live-guitar-tone-source.js

@@ -94,7 +94,9 @@
     }
 
     if (typeof document !== 'undefined') {
-        if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+        // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+        // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+        if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
             document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', init);
         } else {
             init();

static/v3/live-performance-hud.js

@@ -303,7 +303,9 @@
             const sm = root && root.feedBack;
             if (sm) bindRuntime(sm);
         };
-        if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+        // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+        // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+        if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
             document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot);
         } else {
             boot();

static/v3/match-review.js

@@ -913,7 +913,9 @@
         });
     }
 
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
             wireSettingsCard();
             wireScreenTeardown();

static/v3/player-chrome.js

@@ -362,6 +362,8 @@
         syncActivation();
     }
 
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', init);
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', init);
     else init();
 })();

static/v3/playlists.js

@@ -440,6 +440,8 @@
         });
     }
     function boot() { renderPlaylists(); renderSaved(); }
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
     else boot();
 })();

static/v3/plugins-page.js

@@ -579,6 +579,8 @@
     }, { passive: true });
 
     function boot() { render(); }
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
     else boot();
 })();

static/v3/profile.js

@@ -792,7 +792,9 @@
             });
         }
     }
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
     } else {
         boot();

static/v3/progress.js

@@ -320,7 +320,9 @@
             });
         }
     }
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
     } else {
         boot();

static/v3/progression-core.js

@@ -241,7 +241,9 @@
     };
 
     _registerOwner();
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { refresh(); }, { once: true });
     } else {
         refresh();

static/v3/settings.js

@@ -200,7 +200,9 @@
         });
     }
 
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', init, { once: true });
     } else {
         init();

static/v3/shell.js

@@ -399,7 +399,9 @@
         setTimeout(refreshHomeTitle, 700);
     }
 
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
     } else {
         boot();

static/v3/shop.js

@@ -203,7 +203,9 @@
             });
         }
     }
-    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+    // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+    if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot, { once: true });
     } else {
         boot();

static/v3/venue-mood-fx.js

@@ -511,7 +511,9 @@
             const sm = root && root.feedBack;
             if (sm) bindRuntime(sm);
         };
-        if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+        // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+        // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+        if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
             document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot);
         } else {
             boot();

static/v3/venue-scene-3d.js

@@ -242,7 +242,9 @@
 
     if (typeof document !== 'undefined') {
         const boot = () => bindRuntime();
-        if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+        // `defer` runs this at readyState 'interactive' — later scripts have not
+        // evaluated yet, so wait for DOMContentLoaded (see static/v3/index.html).
+        if (document.readyState !== 'complete') {
             document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', boot);
         } else {
             boot();

tests/js/capability_inspector_nav.test.js

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 
 const ROOT = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..');
-const APP_JS = path.join(ROOT, 'static', 'app.js');
+const PLUGIN_LOADER_JS = path.join(ROOT, 'static', 'js', 'plugin-loader.js');
 const MANIFEST = path.join(ROOT, 'plugins', 'capability_inspector', 'plugin.json');
 const SCREEN_HTML = path.join(ROOT, 'plugins', 'capability_inspector', 'screen.html');
 const SETTINGS_HTML = path.join(ROOT, 'plugins', 'capability_inspector', 'settings.html');
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ test('capability inspector manifest ships settings but no default nav entry', ()
 });
 
 test('capability inspector plugins menu entry is localStorage opt-in', () => {
-    const src = source(APP_JS);
+    const src = source(PLUGIN_LOADER_JS);
     const helper = region(src, "const CAPABILITY_INSPECTOR_NAV_SETTING = 'capability_inspector.showInPluginsMenu'", 1400);
     const menu = region(src, 'const navPlugins = plugins.map', 1000);
     const contributions = region(src, 'async function _registerLegacyPluginUiContributions(plugin)', 1400);
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ test('capability inspector screen ships scoped graph lane CSS', () => {
     assert.match(html, /left: -1\.75rem/);
 });
 test('_navLabel resolves string, object, synthesized, and empty nav values', () => {
-    const src = source(APP_JS);
+    const src = source(PLUGIN_LOADER_JS);
     const m = src.match(/function _navLabel\(nav, plugin\) \{[\s\S]*?\n\}/);
     assert.ok(m, 'could not extract _navLabel from app.js');
     const _navLabel = new Function(`${m[0]}; return _navLabel;`)();
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ test('_navLabel resolves string, object, synthesized, and empty nav values', ()
 });
 
 test('plugin nav dropdown label uses the computed nav, not the raw plugin.nav', () => {
-    const src = source(APP_JS);
+    const src = source(PLUGIN_LOADER_JS);
     // Regression guard for the string/synthesized-nav label fix: the dropdown
     // label must derive from the loop's computed nav via _navLabel, not from
     // plugin.nav?.label (which drops string and synthesized labels).

tests/js/highway_colors_facade.test.js

@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
 const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 
-const appJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The highway string-colour manager was carved out of app.js into its own
+// module (R3a).
+const appJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'highway-colors.js');
 
 function extractBlock(src, signature) {
     const start = src.indexOf(signature);

tests/js/highway_string_colors.test.js

@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ const path = require('node:path');
 
 const highwayJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'highway.js');
 const highway3dJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'highway_3d', 'screen.js');
-const appJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The highway string-colour manager was carved out of app.js into its own
+// module (R3a).
+const appJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'highway-colors.js');
 
 // Brace-balanced extraction (same helper shape as highway_note_state.test.js).
 function extractBlock(src, signature) {
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ test('3D gem-body gradients follow the active palette (not hardcoded)', () => {
     assert.match(apply, /_recolorGemGradients\(\)/, '_applyPaletteToMaterials must recolor gems on palette change');
 });
 
-// ── Core color manager (static/app.js) ────────────────────────────────────
+// ── Core color manager (static/js/highway-colors.js) ──────────────────────
 
 test('app.js color manager name-maps to both highways, with identity no-op + builtin guard', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(appJs, 'utf8');

tests/js/legacy_shim_hits.test.js

@@ -71,6 +71,11 @@ test('native audio-mix participant suppresses matching legacy fader and records
 
 const ROOT = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..');
 const APP_JS = path.join(ROOT, 'static', 'app.js');
+// The plugin loader was carved out of app.js into its own module (R3a); the
+// library-provider code below still lives in app.js.
+const PLUGIN_LOADER_JS = path.join(ROOT, 'static', 'js', 'plugin-loader.js');
+// The viz layer was carved out of app.js too (R3a).
+const VIZ_JS = path.join(ROOT, 'static', 'js', 'viz.js');
 const LIBRARY_JS = path.join(ROOT, 'static', 'capabilities', 'library.js');
 
 function source(file) {
@@ -87,7 +92,7 @@ function region(src, needle, length = 1200) {
 }
 
 test('plugin script hydration exposes the current plugin id for legacy registrations', () => {
-    const src = source(APP_JS);
+    const src = source(PLUGIN_LOADER_JS);
     const block = region(src, 'script.src = `/api/plugins/${plugin.id}/screen.js');
     assert.match(block, /window\.feedBack\._loadingPluginId\s*=\s*plugin\.id/);
     assert.match(block, /delete\s+window\.feedBack\._loadingPluginId/);
@@ -113,7 +118,7 @@ test('library providers route through native library capability', () => {
 });
 
 test('visualization renderer installs preserve plugin attribution', () => {
-    const src = source(APP_JS);
+    const src = source(VIZ_JS);
     const tagger = region(src, 'function _tagVizRenderer(renderer, id)', 700);
     const setViz = region(src, 'function setViz(id)', 3600);
     const autoViz = region(src, 'function _autoMatchViz()', 5200);

tests/js/plugin_hydration_wipe.test.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Verify loadPlugins' plugin-DOM wipe loops in static/app.js: a plugin that is
+// Verify loadPlugins' plugin-DOM wipe loops in static/js/plugin-loader.js: a plugin that is
 // merely ABSENT from the current /api/plugins response (transient partial
 // response while the backend's plugin registry is repopulating after a
 // restart) must keep its settings panel and screen DOM. Wiping it while its
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
-const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+const PLUGIN_LOADER_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'plugin-loader.js');
 
 // Slice the wipe block out of loadPlugins by its stable landmarks: from the
 // nav reset that opens it to the comment introducing the next section.
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ function makeEl(pluginId, id) {
 }
 
 function runWipe({ respondedIds, alreadyHydrated, settingsChildren, screens }) {
-    const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
+    const src = fs.readFileSync(PLUGIN_LOADER_JS, 'utf8');
     const block = extractWipeBlock(src);
     settingsChildren.forEach((el) => { el._parent = settingsChildren; });
     const container = { children: settingsChildren };

tests/js/plugin_loader_script_type.test.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Guards the R0 module-migration loader change in static/app.js: a migrated
+// Guards the R0 module-migration loader change in static/js/plugin-loader.js: a migrated
 // plugin (manifest scriptType:"module", surfaced as plugin.script_type) must be
 // injected as <script type="module"> so its screen.js `import './src/main.js'`
 // graph loads, while classic plugins stay untouched.
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
 const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 
-const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
-const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
+const PLUGIN_LOADER_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'plugin-loader.js');
+const src = fs.readFileSync(PLUGIN_LOADER_JS, 'utf8');
 
 // Isolate the screen.js <script> injection block: from where its src is built
 // to where the element is appended.

tests/js/plugin_style_injection.test.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Verify the plugin `styles` capability in static/app.js: _injectPluginStyles
+// Verify the plugin `styles` capability in static/js/plugin-loader.js: _injectPluginStyles
 // adds exactly one versioned <link rel="stylesheet"> per plugin, swaps it on a
 // version upgrade (no duplicates, no stale tags), injects nothing for a plugin
 // without `styles`, and routes the URL through the sandboxed asset endpoint.
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
-const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+const PLUGIN_LOADER_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'plugin-loader.js');
 
 // Brace-balanced extraction of a `const NAME = (...) => { ... }` arrow, so a
 // nested object/template literal can't make a naive regex stop early.
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ function setupSandbox() {
         },
     };
     vm.createContext(sandbox);
-    const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
+    const src = fs.readFileSync(PLUGIN_LOADER_JS, 'utf8');
     const removeSrc = extractConstArrow(src, '_removePluginStyleTags');
     const injectSrc = extractConstArrow(src, '_injectPluginStyles');
     const reconcileSrc = extractConstArrow(src, '_reconcilePluginStyles');

tests/js/renderer_bus_feeder.test.js

@@ -50,17 +50,42 @@ function makeFakeContext(sampleRate = 48000) {
             this.mediaSourceEl = el;
             return { connect() {}, disconnect() {} };
         },
+        createMediaStreamSource(stream) {
+            this.mediaStreamSource = stream;
+            return { connect() {}, disconnect() {} };
+        },
+        close() { this.closed = true; return Promise.resolve(); },
     };
     return ctx;
 }
 
-function makeSandbox({ isAudioRunning = () => true, exclusive = () => true } = {}) {
-    const calls = { setRendererBus: [], pushRendererAudio: [] };
+// Fake getDisplayMedia stream for the loopback-capture path.
+function makeLoopbackStream({ suppressed = true } = {}) {
+    const stopped = [];
+    const audioTrack = {
+        kind: 'audio',
+        stop() { stopped.push('audio'); },
+        getSettings: () => (suppressed ? { suppressLocalAudioPlayback: true } : {}),
+    };
+    const videoTrack = { kind: 'video', stop() { stopped.push('video'); } };
+    return {
+        __stopped: stopped,
+        getAudioTracks: () => [audioTrack],
+        getVideoTracks: () => [videoTrack],
+        getTracks: () => [videoTrack, audioTrack],
+    };
+}
+
+// `displayMedia`: undefined → loopback capture unavailable (Docker sphere /
+// old desktop main); a function → used as navigator.mediaDevices.getDisplayMedia.
+function makeSandbox({ isAudioRunning = () => true, exclusive = () => true, displayMedia } = {}) {
+    const calls = { setRendererBus: [], pushRendererAudio: [], setPageMuted: [] };
 
     const api = {
         isAudioRunning: () => Promise.resolve(isAudioRunning()),
         setRendererBus: (en, g) => { calls.setRendererBus.push([en, g]); return Promise.resolve(); },
         pushRendererAudio: (buf, rate) => { calls.pushRendererAudio.push([buf.length, rate]); },
+        setPageMuted: (m) => { calls.setPageMuted.push(m); return Promise.resolve(m); },
     };
 
     class FakeWorkletNode {
@@ -85,6 +110,7 @@ function makeSandbox({ isAudioRunning = () => true, exclusive = () => true } = {
         __createdContexts: [],
         __audioEl: { id: 'audio' },
         __calls: calls,
+        navigator: { mediaDevices: displayMedia ? { getDisplayMedia: displayMedia } : {} },
         window: null,
     };
     sandbox.window = {
@@ -111,12 +137,21 @@ function makeStemsGraph() {
     };
 }
 
-test('stems graph + exclusive output → bus enabled, stems ctx null-sinked', async () => {
+// Surface-mode (stems/element) tests run WITHOUT getDisplayMedia: the first
+// tick probes loopback, fails, and latches _loopbackUnavailable; the second
+// tick exercises the fallback surface mode. This mirrors an old desktop main
+// without the display-media handler.
+async function reevaluateWithFallback(sb) {
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();   // loopback probe → unavailable
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();   // surface fallback
+}
+
+test('stems graph + exclusive output → bus enabled, stems ctx null-sinked (loopback unavailable)', async () => {
     const sb = makeSandbox({ exclusive: () => true });
     const graph = makeStemsGraph();
     sb.window.feedBack.stems.audioGraph = graph;
 
-    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
+    await reevaluateWithFallback(sb);
 
     assert.deepEqual(sb.__calls.setRendererBus.at(-1), [true, 1.0], 'bus enabled');
     assert.equal(graph.context.sinkIdCalls.at(-1)?.type, 'none', 'stems ctx re-pointed at null sink');
@@ -128,7 +163,7 @@ test('output returns to shared → bus disabled, sink restored', async () => {
     const graph = makeStemsGraph();
     sb.window.feedBack.stems.audioGraph = graph;
 
-    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
+    await reevaluateWithFallback(sb);
     excl = false;
     await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
 
@@ -145,26 +180,27 @@ test('stems graph + shared output → feeder stays off (no double audio)', async
     assert.equal(sb.__calls.setRendererBus.length, 0, 'bus never touched in shared mode');
 });
 
-test('element song + exclusive → element captured into bus', async () => {
+test('element song + exclusive → element captured into bus (loopback unavailable)', async () => {
     const sb = makeSandbox({ exclusive: () => true });
     sb.window._currentSongAudio = { url: '/api/sloppak/x.sloppak/file/stems/full.ogg' };
     sb.window._juceMode = false;
 
-    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
+    await reevaluateWithFallback(sb);
 
     assert.equal(sb.__createdContexts.length, 1, 'capture context created');
     assert.equal(sb.__createdContexts[0].mediaSourceEl, sb.__audioEl, 'element source captured');
     assert.deepEqual(sb.__calls.setRendererBus.at(-1), [true, 1.0], 'bus enabled');
 });
 
-test('song riding the native transport (_juceMode) → feeder stays off', async () => {
+test('native-transport song, loopback unavailable → surface modes stay off', async () => {
     const sb = makeSandbox({ exclusive: () => true });
     sb.window._currentSongAudio = { url: '/audio/song.ogg' };
     sb.window._juceMode = true;
 
-    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
+    await reevaluateWithFallback(sb);
 
-    assert.equal(sb.__calls.setRendererBus.length, 0, 'native transport owns the song');
+    assert.ok(!sb.__calls.setRendererBus.some(([en]) => en === true),
+        'bus never ENABLED (failed-probe cleanup may disable it)');
     assert.equal(sb.__createdContexts.length, 0, 'no capture context created');
 });
 
@@ -172,7 +208,7 @@ test('stems graph replaced mid-engagement → re-engages on the new graph', asyn
     const sb = makeSandbox({ exclusive: () => true });
     const g1 = makeStemsGraph();
     sb.window.feedBack.stems.audioGraph = g1;
-    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
+    await reevaluateWithFallback(sb);
 
     const g2 = makeStemsGraph();
     sb.window.feedBack.stems.audioGraph = g2;
@@ -182,6 +218,105 @@ test('stems graph replaced mid-engagement → re-engages on the new graph', asyn
     assert.deepEqual(sb.__calls.setRendererBus.at(-1), [true, 1.0], 're-enabled for new graph');
 });
 
+// ── Loopback mode (whole-app capture) ────────────────────────────────────────
+
+test('exclusive output + loopback available → engages without any song loaded', async () => {
+    const stream = makeLoopbackStream();
+    const sb = makeSandbox({ exclusive: () => true, displayMedia: () => Promise.resolve(stream) });
+
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
+
+    assert.deepEqual(sb.__calls.setRendererBus.at(-1), [true, 1.0], 'bus enabled for whole session');
+    assert.ok(stream.__stopped.includes('video'), 'unused video track stopped');
+    assert.equal(sb.__createdContexts.at(-1)?.mediaStreamSource, stream, 'loopback stream captured');
+    assert.equal(sb.__calls.setPageMuted.length, 0, 'suppress constraint honoured — no page mute');
+});
+
+test('loopback context is closed on disengage (no orphaned tap worklet)', async () => {
+    let excl = true;
+    const stream = makeLoopbackStream();
+    const sb = makeSandbox({ exclusive: () => excl, displayMedia: () => Promise.resolve(stream) });
+
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();          // engage loopback
+    const lbCtx = sb.__createdContexts.at(-1);
+    assert.equal(lbCtx?.mediaStreamSource, stream, 'loopback engaged');
+    assert.notEqual(lbCtx.closed, true, 'context live while engaged');
+
+    excl = false;
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();          // disengage
+    assert.equal(lbCtx.closed, true, 'loopback context closed on disengage');
+    assert.ok(stream.__stopped.includes('audio'), 'capture stream stopped');
+});
+
+test('loopback preferred over stems when both available', async () => {
+    const stream = makeLoopbackStream();
+    const sb = makeSandbox({ exclusive: () => true, displayMedia: () => Promise.resolve(stream) });
+    const graph = makeStemsGraph();
+    sb.window.feedBack.stems.audioGraph = graph;
+
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
+
+    assert.equal(graph.context.sinkIdCalls.length, 0, 'stems ctx untouched — loopback owns capture');
+    assert.equal(sb.__createdContexts.at(-1)?.mediaStreamSource, stream, 'loopback engaged');
+});
+
+test('suppressLocalAudioPlayback unsupported → page-mute fallback, unmuted on disengage', async () => {
+    let excl = true;
+    const stream = makeLoopbackStream({ suppressed: false });
+    const sb = makeSandbox({ exclusive: () => excl, displayMedia: () => Promise.resolve(stream) });
+
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
+    assert.deepEqual(sb.__calls.setPageMuted, [true], 'page muted as fallback');
+
+    excl = false;
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();
+    assert.deepEqual(sb.__calls.setPageMuted, [true, false], 'page unmuted on disengage');
+    assert.deepEqual(sb.__calls.setRendererBus.at(-1), [false, 0], 'bus disabled');
+});
+
+test('getDisplayMedia rejected → sticky fallback to surface modes', async () => {
+    const sb = makeSandbox({
+        exclusive: () => true,
+        displayMedia: () => Promise.reject(new DOMException('denied', 'NotAllowedError')),
+    });
+    const graph = makeStemsGraph();
+    sb.window.feedBack.stems.audioGraph = graph;
+
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();   // probe fails, latches unavailable
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();   // falls back to stems
+
+    assert.equal(graph.context.sinkIdCalls.at(-1)?.type, 'none', 'stems fallback engaged');
+    assert.deepEqual(sb.__calls.setRendererBus.at(-1), [true, 1.0], 'bus enabled via fallback');
+});
+
+test('element capture collision (createMediaElementSource throws) → no poisoned state, clean retry', async () => {
+    const sb = makeSandbox({ exclusive: () => true });   // loopback unavailable
+    sb.window._currentSongAudio = { url: '/api/sloppak/x.sloppak/file/stems/full.ogg' };
+    // First capture attempt collides (highway analyser owns the element).
+    let collide = true;
+    const origFactory = sb.AudioContext;
+    sb.__createdContexts.length = 0;
+    // Patch contexts so createMediaElementSource throws while colliding.
+    sb.AudioContext = function () {
+        const c = origFactory();
+        const orig = c.createMediaElementSource.bind(c);
+        c.createMediaElementSource = (el) => {
+            if (collide) throw new DOMException('already connected', 'InvalidStateError');
+            return orig(el);
+        };
+        c.close = () => Promise.resolve();
+        return c;
+    };
+
+    await reevaluateWithFallback(sb);            // element engage fails (collision)
+    assert.ok(!sb.__calls.setRendererBus.some(([en]) => en === true), 'bus never left enabled');
+
+    collide = false;
+    await sb.window._reevaluateRendererBus();    // retry succeeds — no TypeError, fresh ctx
+
+    assert.deepEqual(sb.__calls.setRendererBus.at(-1), [true, 1.0], 'element engaged after collision cleared');
+});
+
 test('engine stops → bus disabled', async () => {
     let running = true;
     const sb = makeSandbox({ isAudioRunning: () => running, exclusive: () => true });

tests/js/tuner_auto_open.test.js

@@ -7,20 +7,23 @@ const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
 const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The tuning-display helpers were carved out of app.js into their own module (R3a);
+// the autoplay-gate test below still reads app.js.
+const TUNING_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'tuning-display.js');
 const TUNER_SCREEN_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'screen.js');
 const TUNING_UTILS_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'utils', 'tuning-utils.js');
 const TUNER_UI_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'utils', 'ui.js');
 
 function loadTuningHelpers() {
-    const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
-    const start = src.indexOf('function isBassArrangement(');
-    const endMarker = 'window.feedBack.parseRawTuningOffsets = parseRawTuningOffsets;';
-    const end = src.indexOf(endMarker);
-    if (start === -1 || end === -1) throw new Error('tuning helper block not found in app.js');
+    const src = fs.readFileSync(TUNING_JS, 'utf8');
+    // The module is nothing BUT the tuning helpers now, so there is no block to
+    // slice out — take it whole. `export` is stripped so the vm sandbox can still
+    // evaluate it as a plain script (the window.* contract lives in app.js).
+    const body = src.replace(/^export /gm, '');
     const sandbox = { window: { feedBack: {} }, exports: {} };
     vm.createContext(sandbox);
     vm.runInContext(
-        src.slice(start, end + endMarker.length),
+        body,
         sandbox
     );
     return sandbox.window.feedBack;

tests/js/tuning_display.test.js

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
-const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The tuning-display helpers were carved out of app.js into their own module (R3a).
+const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'tuning-display.js');
 const HIGHWAY_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'highway.js');
 const V3_HTML = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'v3', 'index.html');
 

tests/js/tuning_targets.test.js

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
-const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The tuning-display helpers were carved out of app.js into their own module (R3a).
+const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'tuning-display.js');
 const HIGHWAY_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'highway.js');
 const TUNER_UI_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'utils', 'ui.js');
 const TUNER_SCREEN_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'screen.js');
@@ -14,14 +15,14 @@ const V3_HTML = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'v3', 'index.html');
 
 function loadTuningHelpers() {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
-    const start = src.indexOf('function isBassArrangement(');
-    const endMarker = 'window.feedBack.parseRawTuningOffsets = parseRawTuningOffsets;';
-    const end = src.indexOf(endMarker);
-    if (start === -1 || end === -1) throw new Error('tuning helper block not found in app.js');
+    // The module is nothing BUT the tuning helpers now, so there is no block to
+    // slice out — take it whole. `export` is stripped so the vm sandbox can still
+    // evaluate it as a plain script (the window.* contract lives in app.js).
+    const body = src.replace(/^export /gm, '');
     const sandbox = { window: { feedBack: {} }, exports: {} };
     vm.createContext(sandbox);
     vm.runInContext(
-        src.slice(start, end + endMarker.length) + '\n'
+        body + '\n'
         + 'exports.displayTuningTargets = displayTuningTargets;\n'
         + 'exports.displayTuningTargetDetails = displayTuningTargetDetails;\n'
         + 'exports.isBassArrangement = isBassArrangement;\n'

tests/js/v3_songs_tuning.test.js

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
 const SONGS_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'v3', 'songs.js');
-const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The tuning-display helpers were carved out of app.js into their own module (R3a).
+const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'tuning-display.js');
 
 function extractBlock(src, startMarker) {
     const start = src.indexOf(startMarker);
@@ -27,14 +28,14 @@ function extractBlock(src, startMarker) {
 
 function loadTuningHelpers() {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
-    const start = src.indexOf('function _looksLikeRawTuningOffsets(');
-    const endMarker = 'window.feedBack.parseRawTuningOffsets = parseRawTuningOffsets;';
-    const end = src.indexOf(endMarker);
-    if (start === -1 || end === -1) throw new Error('tuning helpers not found');
+    // The module is nothing BUT the tuning helpers now, so there is no block to
+    // slice out — take it whole. `export` is stripped so the vm sandbox can still
+    // evaluate it as a plain script (the window.* contract lives in app.js).
+    const body = src.replace(/^export /gm, '');
     const sandbox = { window: { feedBack: {} }, exports: {} };
     vm.createContext(sandbox);
     vm.runInContext(
-        src.slice(start, end + endMarker.length) + '\n'
+        body + '\n'
         + 'exports.displayTuningName = displayTuningName;\n'
         + 'exports.displayTuningTargets = displayTuningTargets;\n'
         + 'exports.parseRawTuningOffsets = parseRawTuningOffsets;',

tests/js/venue_scene_3d.test.js

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ const venueScene = require('../../static/v3/venue-scene-3d.js');
 const venueViz = require('../../static/v3/venue-viz.js');
 const pov = require('../../static/v3/venue-instrument-pov.js');
 const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The viz layer (setViz / the venue option / the picker) was carved out of
+// app.js into its own module (R3a).
+const VIZ_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'viz.js');
 const H3D_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'highway_3d', 'screen.js');
 const INDEX_HTML = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'v3', 'index.html');
 const ASSET_DIR = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'assets', 'venue', 'themes', 'small-club');
@@ -185,8 +188,8 @@ test('venue-scene-3d exports bg plate asset ids', () => {
     assert.equal(venueScene.ASSET_BASE, '/static/assets/venue/themes/small-club/');
 });
 
-test('app.js syncs venue 3D scene on viz changes', () => {
-    const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
+test('viz.js syncs venue 3D scene on viz changes', () => {
+    const src = fs.readFileSync(VIZ_JS, 'utf8');
     assert.match(src, /v3VenueScene3d\.syncViz\('venue'\)/);
     assert.match(src, /v3VenueScene3d\.syncViz\(id\)/);
 });

tests/js/venue_viz.test.js

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ const path = require('node:path');
 const venueViz = require('../../static/v3/venue-viz.js');
 const venue = require('../../static/v3/venue-mood-fx.js');
 const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The viz layer was carved out of app.js into its own module (R3a).
+const VIZ_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'viz.js');
 const INDEX_HTML = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'v3', 'index.html');
 const V3_CSS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'v3', 'v3.css');
 
@@ -139,8 +141,8 @@ test('index.html contains in-player venue placeholder markup', () => {
     assert.match(html, /id="v3-venue-scene-wash"/);
 });
 
-test('app.js adds Venue visualization option and adapter', () => {
-    const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
+test('viz.js adds Venue visualization option and adapter', () => {
+    const src = fs.readFileSync(VIZ_JS, 'utf8');
     assert.match(src, /function _ensureVenueVizOption/);
     assert.match(src, /opt\.value = 'venue'/);
     assert.match(src, /opt\.textContent = 'Venue'/);
@@ -210,15 +212,15 @@ test('venue mood source documents strip overlay disabled', () => {
     assert.match(source, /v3-venue-mode-badge/);
 });
 
-test('app.js preserves plugin viz population for drum/tab/piano highways', () => {
-    const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
+test('viz.js preserves plugin viz population for drum/tab/piano highways', () => {
+    const src = fs.readFileSync(VIZ_JS, 'utf8');
     assert.match(src, /p\.type === 'visualization'/);
     assert.match(src, /feedBackViz_/);
     assert.match(src, /BUILTIN_OPT_VALUES/);
 });
 
-test('venue option remains distinct from highway_3d in app adapter', () => {
-    const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
+test('venue option remains distinct from highway_3d in viz adapter', () => {
+    const src = fs.readFileSync(VIZ_JS, 'utf8');
     assert.match(src, /if \(id === 'venue'\)/);
     assert.doesNotMatch(src, /if \(id === 'venue'\)[\s\S]{0,400}sel\.value = 'highway_3d'/);
 });

tests/js/window_contract.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+// Guards app.js's `window` contract ahead of the R3a ES-module flip.
+//
+// app.js is a classic script, so every top-level `function foo()` is implicitly
+// a property of `window`. As an ES module it will not be — module scope is not
+// global scope. Any name reached from OUTSIDE app.js must therefore be an
+// explicit `window.foo = …` before the flip, or it vanishes silently.
+//
+// "Silently" is the whole problem. A missing inline handler is a ReferenceError
+// only when someone clicks the button; a `typeof window.setViz !== 'function'`
+// guard (capabilities/visualization.js) just degrades and says nothing. Neither
+// shows up in a test run, so this file is the thing standing between a dropped
+// name and a dead button in production.
+
+const { test } = require('node:test');
+const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
+const fs = require('node:fs');
+const path = require('node:path');
+
+const ROOT = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..');
+const APP_JS = fs.readFileSync(path.join(ROOT, 'static', 'app.js'), 'utf8');
+const V3_HTML = fs.readFileSync(path.join(ROOT, 'static', 'v3', 'index.html'), 'utf8');
+
+// Every name app.js publishes: the scattered `window.foo = …` assignments plus
+// the consolidated `Object.assign(window, { … })` contract block at the bottom.
+function exposedNames() {
+    const names = new Set(
+        [...APP_JS.matchAll(/^window\.([A-Za-z_$][\w$]*)\s*=/gm)].map((m) => m[1]),
+    );
+    const block = APP_JS.match(/Object\.assign\(window, \{([\s\S]*?)\n\}\);/);
+    assert.ok(block, 'the Object.assign(window, …) contract block is missing from app.js');
+    // Strip the comments first — the prose inside them is full of words that
+    // would otherwise scrape as identifiers.
+    const body = block[1].replace(/\/\/[^\n]*/g, '');
+    for (const m of body.matchAll(/([A-Za-z_$][\w$]*)\s*(?=,|$)/gm)) names.add(m[1]);
+    return names;
+}
+
+// app.js's own top-level `function foo()` declarations — the names that stop
+// being global under `type="module"`.
+function topLevelFunctions() {
+    return new Set(
+        [...APP_JS.matchAll(/^(?:async\s+)?function\s+([A-Za-z_$][\w$]*)/gm)].map((m) => m[1]),
+    );
+}
+
+const HANDLER = /on(?:click|change|input|submit|keyup|keydown|mousedown|error|focus|blur)\s*=\s*"([A-Za-z_$][\w$]*)/g;
+
+test('every inline on*= handler in the v3 shell is on window', () => {
+    const exposed = exposedNames();
+    const owned = topLevelFunctions();
+    const missing = [...V3_HTML.matchAll(HANDLER)]
+        .map((m) => m[1])
+        .filter((n) => owned.has(n) && !exposed.has(n));
+    assert.deepEqual([...new Set(missing)], [], 'inline handlers that would break under type="module"');
+});
+
+test('every on*= handler app.js builds in a template literal is on window', () => {
+    // e.g. `<button onclick="goFavPage(${p})">` — these resolve against window at
+    // CLICK time, exactly like the ones written into the HTML, but they live in a
+    // JS string so scanning index.html alone never finds them.
+    const exposed = exposedNames();
+    const owned = topLevelFunctions();
+    const missing = [...APP_JS.matchAll(HANDLER)]
+        .map((m) => m[1])
+        .filter((n) => owned.has(n) && !exposed.has(n));
+    assert.deepEqual([...new Set(missing)], [], 'generated handlers that would break under type="module"');
+});
+
+test('the runtime-composed handler names are on window', () => {
+    // app.js:2156-2157 chooses the handler NAME at runtime:
+    //     const letterFn = favoritesOnly ? 'filterFavTreeLetter' : 'filterTreeLetter';
+    //     const pageFn   = favoritesOnly ? 'goFavTreePage'       : 'goTreePage';
+    // then interpolates it: `onclick="${letterFn}('A')"`.
+    //
+    // ponytail: hardcoded on purpose. These names exist only inside string
+    // literals, so the two scans above cannot see them, and neither can ESLint,
+    // no-undef, or a grep for `onclick="fn`. They are the library A–Z rail and
+    // its pagination — drop one and those buttons throw on click and nowhere
+    // else. If that ternary ever gains a branch, add the new name here too.
+    const exposed = exposedNames();
+    for (const name of ['filterTreeLetter', 'filterFavTreeLetter', 'goTreePage', 'goFavTreePage']) {
+        assert.ok(exposed.has(name), `window.${name} is required by the runtime-composed A–Z rail / pagination handlers`);
+    }
+});
+
+test('cross-file window.* readers still resolve', () => {
+    // Names other core scripts read off window. capabilities/visualization.js is
+    // the cautionary one: it reads window.setViz behind a `typeof` guard, so
+    // losing it degrades the visualization capability in SILENCE rather than
+    // throwing.
+    const exposed = exposedNames();
+    for (const name of ['setViz', 'showScreen', 'playSong', 'uiPrompt', '_confirmDialog', 'loadPlugins']) {
+        assert.ok(exposed.has(name), `window.${name} is read by another file`);
+    }
+});

tests/test_plugin_runtime_idempotence.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import re
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
@@ -6,6 +7,10 @@ import pytest
 ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
 WORKSPACE_ROOT = ROOT.parent
 
+# The plugin loader was carved out of static/app.js into its own module (R3a).
+# These tests assert on its source text, so they read it from its new home.
+PLUGIN_LOADER = ROOT / "static" / "js" / "plugin-loader.js"
+
 
 def _sibling_file(plugin_dir: str, filename: str) -> Path:
     path = WORKSPACE_ROOT / plugin_dir / filename
@@ -22,7 +27,7 @@ def _sibling_text(plugin_dir: str, filename: str, required_token: str | None = N
 
 
 def test_plugin_loader_guards_duplicate_hydration_and_scripts():
-    source = (ROOT / "static" / "app.js").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    source = PLUGIN_LOADER.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     assert "let _loadPluginsInFlight = false" in source
     assert "window.feedBack._loadedPluginScripts" in source
@@ -30,7 +35,7 @@ def test_plugin_loader_guards_duplicate_hydration_and_scripts():
 
 
 def test_plugin_loader_unmounts_previous_ui_contributions_before_reregistering():
-    source = (ROOT / "static" / "app.js").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    source = PLUGIN_LOADER.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     assert "const _pluginUiContributions = new Map()" in source
     assert "await _commandUiDomain(contribution.domain, 'unmount', plugin, contribution)" in source
@@ -47,7 +52,7 @@ def test_plugin_loader_does_not_treat_response_absence_as_uninstall():
     # (plugin scripts don't re-run), and the DOM/style wipes forced a
     # mid-session screen.js re-evaluation that duplicated the desktop
     # audio_engine's native signal chain.
-    source = (ROOT / "static" / "app.js").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    source = PLUGIN_LOADER.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     # The absence-triggered sweep is gone (rationale comment in its place)...
     assert "const livePluginIds" not in source
@@ -71,13 +76,39 @@ def test_capability_visualizer_waits_for_registry_instead_of_hard_error():
 def test_app_shell_loads_capability_registry_before_app_runtime():
     source = (ROOT / "static" / "v3" / "index.html").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
-    assert '<script src="/static/capabilities.js"></script>' in source
-    assert '<script src="/static/capabilities/library.js"></script>' in source
+    assert re.search(r'<script[^>]+src="/static/capabilities\.js"', source)
+    assert re.search(r'<script[^>]+src="/static/capabilities/library\.js"', source)
     assert source.index('/static/diagnostics.js') < source.index('/static/capabilities.js')
     assert source.index('/static/capabilities.js') < source.index('/static/capabilities/library.js')
     assert source.index('/static/capabilities/library.js') < source.index('/static/app.js')
 
 
+def test_every_external_script_defers_so_document_order_is_execution_order():
+    """The shell's scripts must all execute in document order.
+
+    `capabilities.js` builds the `window.feedBack` bus and must run before
+    `app.js`, which calls `window.feedBack.on(...)` at top level. Today document
+    order gives that for free, because every script is a parse-time classic one.
+
+    That guarantee survives the ES-module migration ONLY while no script is a
+    *plain* classic script: `defer` and `type="module"` scripts share one
+    "execute after parsing" list and run in document order, but a plain classic
+    script runs DURING parse — ahead of every deferred one. So the moment
+    capabilities.js becomes a module while app.js is still plain, app.js runs
+    first and `window.feedBack.on` is undefined.
+
+    Pinning "no plain external scripts" is what keeps that from silently
+    regressing as tags flip to type="module" one at a time.
+    """
+    source = (ROOT / "static" / "v3" / "index.html").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+
+    plain = [
+        tag for tag in re.findall(r'<script\b[^>]*\bsrc=[^>]*>', source)
+        if 'defer' not in tag and 'async' not in tag and 'type="module"' not in tag
+    ]
+    assert not plain, f"external scripts that would jump the deferred queue: {plain}"
+
+
 def test_capability_registry_exposes_claim_dispatch_and_ready_contracts():
     source = (ROOT / "static" / "capabilities.js").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
@@ -127,7 +158,13 @@ def test_deferred_runtime_domains_remain_reserved_not_bridged():
 
 
 def test_capability_events_do_not_bridge_deferred_surfaces():
-    app_source = (ROOT / "static" / "app.js").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    # These are NEGATIVE assertions, so they must span every file the code could
+    # have moved to — otherwise carving a function out of app.js turns the guard
+    # vacuous instead of failing.
+    app_source = (
+        (ROOT / "static" / "app.js").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+        + PLUGIN_LOADER.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    )
     capability_source = (ROOT / "static" / "capabilities.js").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     for token in ["return 'ui.navigation'", "return 'note-detection'", "eventName.startsWith('viz:') || eventName.startsWith('highway:')"]:
@@ -137,7 +174,7 @@ def test_capability_events_do_not_bridge_deferred_surfaces():
 
 
 def test_plugin_loader_registers_manifest_capability_declarations():
-    source = (ROOT / "static" / "app.js").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    source = PLUGIN_LOADER.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     assert "const capabilityPlugins = fetchedPlugins.slice().sort((a, b) => String(a.id || '').localeCompare(String(b.id || '')))" in source
     assert "capabilityApi.registerParticipants(capabilityPlugins)" in source