refactor(app): carve the tuning-display helpers out of app.js (R3a)

static/js/tuning-display.js (228 lines) — bodies VERBATIM. app.js 9,838 → 9,650.
A LEAF: imports nothing.

Tuning NAME resolution (Drop D / Eb Standard / raw-offset fallback), bass
detection, effective string count, and the target FREQUENCIES + note names the
tuner checks against. Pure functions over a small MIDI/note-name table; the 3
_TUNING_* tables are read nowhere else and move in.

NOT A SLICE — a node-level extract. The span 2309-2535 INTERLEAVES the functions
with the `window.*` / `window.feedBack.*` assignments that publish them, and one
of those is `window.feedBack = window.feedBack || {}` — the BUS BOOTSTRAP, not
tuning code at all. Every ExpressionStatement stays exactly where it was; only the
16 functions and 3 tables move. app.js re-exposes the imported bindings from the
same lines, so the public surface and its ordering are untouched (constitution II
names window.feedBack).

  app.js -> { plugin-loader, viz, diagnostics-export, dom, highway-colors,
              tuning-display }

HARNESSES — 4 broke, and 3 of them broke in the SAME informative way: they sliced
app.js from `function isBassArrangement(` UP TO the marker
`window.feedBack.parseRawTuningOffsets = parseRawTuningOffsets;` — an end-marker
that (correctly) stayed behind in app.js. The module is now nothing BUT the tuning
helpers, so there is no block to slice: they read it whole and strip `export ` so
the vm sandbox still evaluates it as a script.
  tuner_auto_open is SPLIT — its autoplay-gate test still reads app.js, so it keeps
  APP_JS and gains TUNING_JS. Retargeting its path wholesale (my first attempt)
  silently pointed the autoplay test at the wrong file.

VERIFIED BY DRIVING THE CONTRACT. A/B against origin/main in two browsers, through
the real window surface: displayTuningName -> "E Standard" / "Drop D" /
"Eb Standard", parseRawTuningOffsets('-2,0,0,0,0,0') -> [-2,0,0,0,0,0],
isBassArrangement, effectiveStringCount, displayTuningTargets, and
window.feedBack.displayTuningName / .songTuningContext — IDENTICAL on both, zero
console/page errors either side.

pytest 2396, node 1038/1038, ESLint 0, tailwind-fresh clean, Codex 0.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

static/js/dom.js

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+// DOM + HTML-escaping primitives, and the modal dialogs built on them.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). A LEAF module: imports nothing.
+//
+// This one is a GATHER, not a slice — the six lived in six different places in
+// app.js. They belong together because they are the bottom of the UI stack:
+// `esc` / `_escAttr` alone have ~48 call sites, and every later carve that
+// renders HTML will need them. Giving them a home NOW means those carves can
+// import them instead of inventing a host seam to reach back into app.js —
+// which is exactly the trap the plugin-loader carve had to work around before
+// the viz layer became a module.
+
+export function _isElementVisible(el) {
+    // Walk ancestors looking for display:none. Handles collapsed
+    // `.album-body` / `.artist-body` subtrees (hidden via CSS class
+    // rules). Using a DOM walk rather than `offsetParent` avoids the
+    // false-negative for `position:fixed` elements whose offsetParent
+    // is null even when they are perfectly visible.
+    if (!el) return false;
+    let node = el;
+    while (node && node !== document.body) {
+        if (getComputedStyle(node).display === 'none') return false;
+        node = node.parentElement;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Focus trap: keep Tab / Shift+Tab cycling inside `modal` so focus
+// can't escape to the content underneath while the overlay is open.
+// Call this once after the modal is in the DOM and initial focus is set.
+export function _trapFocusInModal(modal) {
+    const FOCUSABLE = 'a[href], button:not([disabled]), input:not([disabled]), select:not([disabled]), textarea:not([disabled]), [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])';
+    modal.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
+        if (e.key !== 'Tab') return;
+        const els = Array.from(modal.querySelectorAll(FOCUSABLE)).filter(el => {
+            if (!_isElementVisible(el)) return false;
+            if (getComputedStyle(el).visibility === 'hidden') return false;
+            if (el.disabled) return false;
+            return true;
+        });
+        if (!els.length) return;
+        const first = els[0];
+        const last = els[els.length - 1];
+        if (e.shiftKey) {
+            if (document.activeElement === first) { e.preventDefault(); last.focus(); }
+        } else {
+            if (document.activeElement === last) { e.preventDefault(); first.focus(); }
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+// Styled async confirm dialog. Returns a Promise<boolean>. For destructive
+// prompts pass `danger: true` — confirm button turns red and Cancel gets
+// initial focus so an accidental Enter won't fire the action. `body` is
+// inserted as HTML so callers can use formatting; callers are responsible
+// for escaping any user-supplied content in it (use _escAttr).
+export function _confirmDialog({ title, body = '', confirmText = 'Confirm', cancelText = 'Cancel', danger = false } = {}) {
+    return new Promise((resolve) => {
+        const previouslyFocused = document.activeElement;
+        const modal = document.createElement('div');
+        modal.className = 'feedBack-modal fixed inset-0 z-[250] flex items-center justify-center bg-black/70 backdrop-blur-sm';
+        modal.setAttribute('role', 'alertdialog');
+        modal.setAttribute('aria-modal', 'true');
+        modal.setAttribute('aria-label', title || 'Confirm');
+        const confirmClass = danger
+            ? 'flex-1 bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-500 px-4 py-2 rounded-xl text-sm font-semibold text-white transition focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-red-400/60'
+            : 'flex-1 bg-accent hover:bg-accent-light px-4 py-2 rounded-xl text-sm font-semibold text-white transition focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-accent/60';
+        modal.innerHTML = `
+            <div class="bg-dark-700 border border-gray-700 rounded-2xl p-6 w-full max-w-sm mx-4 shadow-2xl">
+                <h3 class="text-lg font-bold text-white mb-3">${_escAttr(title || '')}</h3>
+                <div class="mb-5">${body}</div>
+                <div class="flex gap-3">
+                    <button type="button" data-confirm class="${confirmClass}">${_escAttr(confirmText)}</button>
+                    <button type="button" data-cancel class="px-4 py-2 bg-dark-600 hover:bg-dark-500 rounded-xl text-sm text-gray-300 transition focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-gray-500/40">${_escAttr(cancelText)}</button>
+                </div>
+            </div>`;
+        document.body.appendChild(modal);
+
+        function finish(result) {
+            modal.remove();
+            document.removeEventListener('keydown', onKey, true);
+            if (previouslyFocused && document.body.contains(previouslyFocused)) {
+                try { previouslyFocused.focus({ preventScroll: true }); } catch {}
+            }
+            resolve(result);
+        }
+        function onKey(e) {
+            if (e.key === 'Escape') { e.preventDefault(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); finish(false); }
+            else if (e.key === 'Enter' && document.activeElement === modal.querySelector('[data-confirm]')) {
+                e.preventDefault(); finish(true);
+            }
+        }
+        modal.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+            if (e.target === modal) finish(false);
+            else if (e.target.closest('[data-confirm]')) finish(true);
+            else if (e.target.closest('[data-cancel]')) finish(false);
+        });
+        document.addEventListener('keydown', onKey, true);
+        _trapFocusInModal(modal);
+        // Focus Cancel by default for destructive prompts so an accidental
+        // Enter / Space won't fire the dangerous action; otherwise focus
+        // the confirm button so Enter accepts.
+        const focusTarget = modal.querySelector(danger ? '[data-cancel]' : '[data-confirm]');
+        if (focusTarget) focusTarget.focus({ preventScroll: true });
+    });
+}
+
+export function esc(s) {
+    const d = document.createElement('div');
+    d.textContent = s;
+    return d.innerHTML;
+}
+
+// `esc()` escapes the HTML-content metacharacters (<, >, &) but not
+// quotes — fine for text-node interpolation but unsafe when the
+// result is used as an attribute value, where a literal `"` ends the
+// attribute early. Use `_escAttr` for any `attr="${...}"` site.
+export function _escAttr(s) {
+    return esc(s == null ? '' : String(s))
+        .replace(/"/g, '&quot;')
+        .replace(/'/g, '&#39;');
+}
+
+// In-app text prompt — replaces window.prompt(), which Electron does NOT
+// implement (it logs "prompt() is and will not be supported" and returns null),
+// so any prompt()-based flow is a silent no-op on desktop. Returns the entered
+// string, or null if cancelled (Esc / Cancel / backdrop). Styled to match the
+// edit modal; role=dialog so the global keyboard shortcuts ignore typing here.
+// Injection-safe: all caller text is set via textContent / value, never innerHTML.
+export function uiPrompt({ title = '', label = '', value = '', okLabel = 'Save', placeholder = '' } = {}) {
+    return new Promise((resolve) => {
+        const modal = document.createElement('div');
+        modal.className = 'feedBack-modal fixed inset-0 z-[200] flex items-center justify-center bg-black/70 backdrop-blur-sm';
+        modal.setAttribute('role', 'dialog');
+        modal.setAttribute('aria-modal', 'true');
+        if (title) modal.setAttribute('aria-label', title);
+        modal.innerHTML = `
+            <form class="bg-dark-700 border border-gray-700 rounded-2xl p-6 w-full max-w-sm mx-4 shadow-2xl">
+                <h3 class="text-lg font-bold text-white mb-4" data-ui-prompt-title hidden></h3>
+                <label class="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-1 block" data-ui-prompt-label hidden></label>
+                <input type="text" data-ui-prompt-input autocomplete="off"
+                    class="w-full bg-dark-600 border border-gray-700 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-200 outline-none focus:border-accent/50">
+                <div class="flex gap-3 mt-5">
+                    <button type="submit"
+                        class="flex-1 bg-accent hover:bg-accent-light px-4 py-2 rounded-xl text-sm font-semibold text-white transition" data-ui-prompt-ok></button>
+                    <button type="button" data-ui-prompt-cancel
+                        class="px-4 py-2 bg-dark-600 hover:bg-dark-500 rounded-xl text-sm text-gray-300 transition">Cancel</button>
+                </div>
+            </form>`;
+        const titleEl = modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-title]');
+        const labelEl = modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-label]');
+        const input = modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-input]');
+        const okEl = modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-ok]');
+        if (title) { titleEl.textContent = title; titleEl.hidden = false; }
+        if (label) { labelEl.textContent = label; labelEl.hidden = false; }
+        okEl.textContent = okLabel;
+        input.value = value;
+        if (placeholder) input.placeholder = placeholder;
+
+        // Restore focus to wherever it was when we're done (matches the edit
+        // modal's behavior so keyboard users aren't dumped at the page top).
+        const previousActiveElement = document.activeElement;
+        const focusables = () => Array.from(
+            modal.querySelectorAll('input, button, [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])'),
+        ).filter((el) => !el.disabled && el.offsetParent !== null);
+
+        let settled = false;
+        const close = (result) => {
+            if (settled) return;
+            settled = true;
+            document.removeEventListener('keydown', onKey, true);
+            modal.remove();
+            if (previousActiveElement && typeof previousActiveElement.focus === 'function') {
+                previousActiveElement.focus();
+            }
+            resolve(result);
+        };
+        const onKey = (e) => {
+            if (e.key === 'Escape') { e.preventDefault(); e.stopPropagation(); close(null); return; }
+            // Trap Tab inside the modal so focus can't wander to the page behind it.
+            if (e.key === 'Tab') {
+                const items = focusables();
+                if (!items.length) return;
+                const first = items[0];
+                const last = items[items.length - 1];
+                const active = document.activeElement;
+                if (e.shiftKey && (active === first || !modal.contains(active))) {
+                    e.preventDefault(); last.focus();
+                } else if (!e.shiftKey && (active === last || !modal.contains(active))) {
+                    e.preventDefault(); first.focus();
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        modal.querySelector('form').addEventListener('submit', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); close(input.value); });
+        modal.querySelector('[data-ui-prompt-cancel]').addEventListener('click', () => close(null));
+        // Backdrop (overlay itself, not the panel) cancels.
+        modal.addEventListener('mousedown', (e) => { if (e.target === modal) close(null); });
+        document.addEventListener('keydown', onKey, true);
+        document.body.appendChild(modal);
+        input.focus();
+        input.select();
+    });
+}

static/js/highway-colors.js

@@ -0,0 +1,601 @@
+// Highway string colours — user theming for the 2D + bundled 3D highways.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). A LEAF module: imports nothing.
+//
+// Slot→hex colours (per named string slot, so a 6-string map survives a 4-string
+// bass and a 7-string's Low B), named themes in localStorage, a copy/paste share
+// code, and the Settings-screen picker UI. The highways colour by raw string
+// INDEX, so a translation table maps named slots → per-index colours for the
+// current arrangement, recomputed whenever a song loads.
+//
+// Exports exactly two entry points; the other 43 symbols (the HWC_* tables, the
+// theme store, the picker handlers, the window.feedBack facade) are used nowhere
+// else in core and stay private. The Settings buttons are wired by
+// addEventListener inside hwcInitSettingsUI — there are no inline on*= handlers
+// here, so nothing needs re-exposing on window.
+//
+// It does import uiPrompt from ./dom.js (the "name this theme" prompt) — which is
+// precisely why dom.js was carved out first: without it this module would have
+// needed a host seam back into app.js.
+import { uiPrompt } from './dom.js';
+
+// Colors are assigned per NAMED string (Low E, A, D, G, B, High E, plus the
+// extended low strings of 7/8-string guitars), so a string keeps its color
+// when the string count changes (e.g. Low E stays the same from a 6-string
+// guitar to a 4-string bass, and on a 7-string the extra Low B takes the
+// 7-string slot rather than bumping every color over). The highways color by
+// raw string INDEX, so a small translation table maps named slots → per-index
+// colors for the current arrangement; this is recomputed whenever a song loads
+// (its string count / bass-vs-guitar may differ). Applies to BOTH the 2D and
+// bundled 3D highway; stored client-side; shared via a copy/paste code.
+const HWC_KEY_ACTIVE = 'highwayStringColors';    // JSON slot→hex map (active)
+const HWC_KEY_THEMES = 'highwayColorThemes';     // { "<name>": {slot:hex} }
+const HWC_KEY_NAME = 'highwayColorActiveName';   // selected saved theme name, or ''
+const HWC_HEX_RE = /^#[0-9a-fA-F]{6}$/;
+
+// Named color slots, in display order (high → low, then extended low strings).
+const HWC_SLOTS = [
+    { key: 'highE', label: 'High E', sub: '1st' },
+    { key: 'B', label: 'B', sub: '2nd' },
+    { key: 'G', label: 'G', sub: '3rd' },
+    { key: 'D', label: 'D', sub: '4th' },
+    { key: 'A', label: 'A', sub: '5th' },
+    { key: 'lowE', label: 'Low E', sub: '6th / lowest' },
+    { key: 'low7', label: 'Low B', sub: '7-string' },
+    { key: 'low8', label: 'Low F#', sub: '8-string' },
+];
+const HWC_SLOT_KEYS = HWC_SLOTS.map((s) => s.key);
+// Hardcoded fallback (matches the highway defaults) for before the 2D highway
+// is queryable.
+const HWC_DEFAULT_FALLBACK = { lowE: '#cc0000', A: '#cca800', D: '#0066cc', G: '#cc6600', B: '#00cc66', highE: '#9900cc', low7: '#cc00aa', low8: '#00cccc' };
+
+// One-click string-color presets. Each is a full named-slot → hex map (every
+// slot, so 7/8-string charts get a sensible color too) keyed by the same slot
+// names as HWC_SLOTS, so "Low E" always lands on the lowE slot regardless of
+// string count. Hues are chosen for the dark scene (~#080810): each color is
+// bright enough to read on black and distinct from its neighbours.
+//   - warmcool: an ordered low→high spectrum (warm reds at the bass end →
+//     cool blues/violet at the treble end) so pitch reads as color temperature.
+//   - vivid: punchier, higher-saturation take on the classic mapping for a
+//     stage-bright look.
+//   - colorblind: the Okabe–Ito accessible qualitative palette (vermillion,
+//     orange, yellow, bluish-green, sky-blue, blue, reddish-purple), the most
+//     distinguishable option for deuteranopia/protanopia.
+//   - colorblind_deuteranope: a deuteranope-tuned variant of the Okabe–Ito set
+//     above, contributed by a deuteranopic player who still found that set hard
+//     to separate. Retunes the six main strings (red / yellow-green / blue /
+//     orange / teal / deep-purple) and keeps its 7/8-string colors unchanged.
+//   - neon: electric, max-saturation hues whose LIGHTNESS deliberately zig-zags
+//     between neighbours (bright→bright→brightest→dark blue→bright green→dark
+//     violet) so adjacent strings separate harder than vivid — a stage/stream
+//     "pop" set, not a vivid duplicate.
+//   - accessible: a CVD-safe set ORDERED by ascending lightness low→high (deep
+//     blue → vermilion → azure → orange → yellow → cream). Unlike the unordered
+//     Okabe–Ito 'colorblind' set, the value ramp teaches pitch low→high AND
+//     survives grayscale/colorblindness; no red/green pair carries meaning.
+//   - ember: a warm, lower-intensity family for long sessions, luminance-stepped
+//     from rust/ember at the bass through warm gold to cream at the treble. The
+//     bass embers stay light enough to clear the near-black scene.
+//   - tapedeck: a vintage-print, slightly desaturated ochre-tinted family
+//     (rust-red → mustard → avocado → teal → faded denim → dusty plum). Muted
+//     hues collapse, so neighbour LIGHTNESS deliberately zig-zags to keep the
+//     dusty mid-strings (avocado/teal/denim) distinct on the dark board.
+//   - crtgreen / crtamber: monochrome CRT-phosphor families (green / amber)
+//     stepped by STRICT ASCENDING LIGHTNESS low→high. Mono sets collapse on hue,
+//     so lightness alone carries the ordering. Verified to stay legible even on
+//     the matching phosphor scene board (green-on-green / amber-on-amber).
+//   - pitchramp: a smooth low→high hue sweep (violet → blue → teal → green →
+//     yellow → warm-white) with rising lightness — memorable + teaches order.
+//   - sunrise: a soft dawn gradient (plum → rose → coral → amber → gold → cream),
+//     warm and lower-intensity, lightness-stepped low→high.
+const HWC_PRESETS = [
+    {
+        id: 'warmcool', label: 'Warm → Cool',
+        colors: { lowE: '#ff3b30', A: '#ff7a18', D: '#ffc400', G: '#36c46a', B: '#2196f3', highE: '#9b5cff', low7: '#ff2d78', low8: '#00c2c7' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'vivid', label: 'Vivid',
+        colors: { lowE: '#ff2222', A: '#ffd000', D: '#1e8bff', G: '#ff7a00', B: '#16d65a', highE: '#b24bff', low7: '#ff3cc0', low8: '#15d8d8' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'colorblind', label: 'Colorblind-friendly',
+        colors: { lowE: '#d55e00', A: '#e69f00', D: '#f0e442', G: '#009e73', B: '#56b4e9', highE: '#cc79a7', low7: '#0072b2', low8: '#999999' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'colorblind_deuteranope', label: 'Colorblind (deuteranope)',
+        colors: { lowE: '#aa1414', A: '#88de00', D: '#1889e3', G: '#c6601c', B: '#00f5b2', highE: '#4d2173', low7: '#0072b2', low8: '#999999' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'neon', label: 'Neon',
+        colors: { lowE: '#ff1f4e', A: '#ff9d00', D: '#e9ff00', G: '#1844ff', B: '#00ff84', highE: '#d000ff', low7: '#ff00aa', low8: '#00f0ff' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'accessible', label: 'Accessible (ordered)',
+        colors: { lowE: '#2453c0', A: '#c44a00', D: '#3f93cf', G: '#ec9a1e', B: '#f2d43c', highE: '#f5eecb', low7: '#173f96', low8: '#0f2c6b' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'ember', label: 'Warm Ember',
+        colors: { lowE: '#c0392b', A: '#e0552a', D: '#ef7d2e', G: '#f6a13a', B: '#f4c95d', highE: '#f7e3a8', low7: '#9e2f23', low8: '#7d2418' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'tapedeck', label: 'Tape Deck',
+        colors: { lowE: '#b04632', A: '#d8ad42', D: '#5f7a34', G: '#54b3a6', B: '#5e83ad', highE: '#b98abb', low7: '#8f3526', low8: '#6f2a1e' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'crtgreen', label: 'CRT Green',
+        colors: { lowE: '#0a5a23', A: '#108a30', D: '#1fb53f', G: '#3ad94f', B: '#74f06a', highE: '#c7ffb0', low7: '#08491c', low8: '#063514' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'crtamber', label: 'CRT Amber',
+        colors: { lowE: '#7a3a02', A: '#a85f06', D: '#cf8410', G: '#e8a82a', B: '#f4cf5e', highE: '#ffeeb8', low7: '#5f2d01', low8: '#471f00' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'pitchramp', label: 'Pitch Ramp',
+        colors: { lowE: '#7a2390', A: '#2f5ad8', D: '#1f9bc4', G: '#2fb84a', B: '#cfd22a', highE: '#f3e0c0', low7: '#5e1a78', low8: '#440f5e' },
+    },
+    {
+        id: 'sunrise', label: 'Sunrise',
+        colors: { lowE: '#8a3a6e', A: '#bf4a5e', D: '#e0664f', G: '#f29a55', B: '#f7c873', highE: '#fce8b8', low7: '#6e2c5c', low8: '#54214a' },
+    },
+];
+
+// Translation table: chart string index → named slot, for a given string count
+// and bass/guitar family. Mirrors the 3D highway's _baseOpenStringMidis: bass
+// shares the low strings (E A D G), 7/8-string guitars prepend lower strings,
+// and sub-6 guitars truncate from the high end. Index 0 is always the lowest.
+function _hwcSlotKeysForChart(sc, isBass) {
+    sc = Math.max(1, Math.min(8, (sc | 0) || 6));
+    if (isBass) {
+        if (sc <= 4) return ['lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G'].slice(0, sc);
+        if (sc === 5) return ['low7', 'lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G'];
+        return ['low8', 'low7', 'lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G'].slice(0, sc);
+    }
+    if (sc <= 6) return ['lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G', 'B', 'highE'].slice(0, sc);
+    if (sc === 7) return ['low7', 'lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G', 'B', 'highE'];
+    return ['low8', 'low7', 'lowE', 'A', 'D', 'G', 'B', 'highE'];
+}
+
+// Current arrangement shape (string count + bass-vs-guitar) from the 2D highway.
+function _hwcChartShape() {
+    let sc = 6, arr = '';
+    try { sc = window.highway?.getStringCount?.() || 6; } catch (_) {}
+    try { arr = window.highway?.getSongInfo?.()?.arrangement || window.feedBack?.currentSong?.arrangement || ''; } catch (_) {}
+    return { sc: Math.max(1, Math.min(8, sc)), isBass: /bass/i.test(String(arr)) };
+}
+
+// Normalize an arbitrary value to a slot→hex map of validated lowercase colors
+// (absent / invalid slots are omitted).
+function _hwcNormalize(slotMap) {
+    const out = {};
+    if (slotMap && typeof slotMap === 'object' && !Array.isArray(slotMap)) {
+        for (const k of HWC_SLOT_KEYS) {
+            const v = (typeof slotMap[k] === 'string') ? slotMap[k].trim().toLowerCase() : '';
+            if (HWC_HEX_RE.test(v)) out[k] = v;
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+// Canonical default color per named slot (the classic highway mapping).
+// Fixed, not read back from the highway (which may already be name-remapped for
+// a 7/8-string chart), so the pickers always preview the true per-name default.
+function getHighwayDefaultSlotColors() {
+    return { ...HWC_DEFAULT_FALLBACK };
+}
+
+// Active (user-customized) slot→hex map from storage ({} when none set).
+function getHighwayStringColors() {
+    try {
+        const raw = localStorage.getItem(HWC_KEY_ACTIVE);
+        if (raw) return _hwcNormalize(JSON.parse(raw));
+    } catch (_) { /* corrupt / blocked */ }
+    return {};
+}
+
+// Defaults overlaid with the user's custom slots (custom wins). Always a full
+// 8-slot map, so name-mapping has a color for every string of any arrangement.
+function _hwcMergedSlotColors() {
+    return { ...getHighwayDefaultSlotColors(), ...getHighwayStringColors() };
+}
+
+// True when the slot→index mapping is the identity (index 0 = lowest = Low E):
+// guitar ≤6 strings and 4-string bass. For these the name mapping equals the
+// stock index order, so we leave the highways on their hand-tuned defaults
+// (byte-identical) unless the user set custom colors. Extended-range charts —
+// 7/8-string guitar and 5/6-string bass — prepend lower strings (Low B/F#),
+// shifting Low E up an index, so their defaults must be name-remapped too.
+function _hwcMappingIsIdentity(sc, isBass) {
+    return isBass ? sc <= 4 : sc <= 6;
+}
+
+// Translate a full slot map into the index-keyed array the highways consume.
+function _hwcEffectiveIndexColors(slotMap, sc, isBass) {
+    const keys = _hwcSlotKeysForChart(sc, isBass);
+    return keys.map((k) => slotMap[k] || null);
+}
+
+// Persist the user's custom slot map (or clear it), then apply. Only slots that
+// actually DIFFER from the default are stored — so reverting every picker to its
+// stock color persists as empty and the identity/stock path is restored (rather
+// than pinning the highways on an all-default "custom" theme).
+function applyHighwayStringColors(slotMap, opts) {
+    const persist = !opts || opts.persist !== false;
+    const colors = _hwcNormalize(slotMap);
+    const defaults = getHighwayDefaultSlotColors();
+    const overrides = {};
+    for (const k of Object.keys(colors)) {
+        if (colors[k] !== defaults[k]) overrides[k] = colors[k];
+    }
+    if (persist) {
+        try {
+            if (Object.keys(overrides).length) localStorage.setItem(HWC_KEY_ACTIVE, JSON.stringify(overrides));
+            else localStorage.removeItem(HWC_KEY_ACTIVE);
+        } catch (_) {}
+    }
+    reapplyHighwayStringColors();
+}
+
+// Apply a named one-click string-color preset (see HWC_PRESETS) to all strings.
+// Persists + applies to both highways (via applyHighwayStringColors), then —
+// when the Settings UI is mounted — refreshes the per-string pickers so their
+// swatches show the preset's colors. Unknown id is a no-op.
+function applyHighwayStringPreset(id) {
+    const preset = HWC_PRESETS.find((p) => p.id === id);
+    if (!preset) return false;
+    applyHighwayStringColors(preset.colors);
+    try { if (typeof hwcRenderPickers === 'function') hwcRenderPickers(); } catch (_) {}
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Apply colors by NAMED string to both highways for the current arrangement.
+// Colors follow the string name regardless of count: Low E stays Low E's color
+// on a 6-, 7-, or 8-string. Defaults map identically to the stock order for
+// 6-string/bass (so those stay byte-identical); 7/8-string remaps the defaults
+// too so Low E keeps its color. The String Colors UI replaces the 3D highway's
+// old palette picker, so core always drives the 3D string colors here.
+function reapplyHighwayStringColors() {
+    const { sc, isBass } = _hwcChartShape();
+    const custom = getHighwayStringColors();
+    const hasCustom = Object.keys(custom).length > 0;
+
+    if (!hasCustom && _hwcMappingIsIdentity(sc, isBass)) {
+        // Pure stock defaults in natural order — leave the hand-tuned highway
+        // defaults intact, and make sure the 3D is on its plain default palette
+        // (clears any stale 'custom' / leftover palette selection).
+        try { window.highway?.setStringColors?.(null); } catch (_) {}
+        try {
+            if (localStorage.getItem('h3d_bg_palette') !== 'default') window.h3dBgSetPalette?.('default');
+        } catch (_) {}
+        try { window.feedBack?.emit?.('highway:stringColors', {}); } catch (_) {}
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const eff = _hwcEffectiveIndexColors(_hwcMergedSlotColors(), sc, isBass);
+    try { window.highway?.setStringColors?.(eff); } catch (_) {}
+    try { window.h3dBgSetStringColors?.(eff); } catch (_) {}
+    try { window.feedBack?.emit?.('highway:stringColors', custom); } catch (_) {}
+}
+
+function _hwcReadThemes() {
+    // Null-prototype store: theme names come from user input / share codes, so
+    // names like `constructor`/`toString`/`__proto__` must not collide with
+    // inherited Object properties or mutate the prototype.
+    try {
+        const parsed = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(HWC_KEY_THEMES) || '{}');
+        if (!parsed || typeof parsed !== 'object' || Array.isArray(parsed)) return Object.create(null);
+        const out = Object.create(null);
+        for (const [name, colors] of Object.entries(parsed)) out[name] = _hwcNormalize(colors);
+        return out;
+    } catch (_) { return Object.create(null); }
+}
+function _hwcWriteThemes(o) { try { localStorage.setItem(HWC_KEY_THEMES, JSON.stringify(o)); } catch (_) {} }
+function listHighwayColorThemes() { return Object.keys(_hwcReadThemes()); }
+function getActiveHighwayColorThemeName() { try { return localStorage.getItem(HWC_KEY_NAME) || ''; } catch (_) { return ''; } }
+
+function saveHighwayColorTheme(name, slotMap) {
+    name = String(name || '').trim();
+    if (!name) return false;
+    const o = _hwcReadThemes();
+    o[name] = _hwcNormalize(slotMap);
+    _hwcWriteThemes(o);
+    try { localStorage.setItem(HWC_KEY_NAME, name); } catch (_) {}
+    return true;
+}
+function deleteHighwayColorTheme(name) {
+    const o = _hwcReadThemes();
+    if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, name)) { delete o[name]; _hwcWriteThemes(o); }
+    if (getActiveHighwayColorThemeName() === name) { try { localStorage.removeItem(HWC_KEY_NAME); } catch (_) {} }
+}
+// Select a saved theme by name, or pass '' to revert to defaults.
+function selectHighwayColorTheme(name) {
+    if (!name) {
+        try { localStorage.removeItem(HWC_KEY_NAME); } catch (_) {}
+        applyHighwayStringColors(null);
+        return;
+    }
+    const o = _hwcReadThemes();
+    if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, name)) return;
+    try { localStorage.setItem(HWC_KEY_NAME, name); } catch (_) {}
+    applyHighwayStringColors(o[name]);
+}
+
+// Compact, paste-friendly share code: "SLOPHWY2." + base64url(JSON{n,c}) where
+// c is the named slot→hex map.
+function encodeHighwayColorShare(name, slotMap) {
+    const payload = { n: String(name || '').slice(0, 60), c: _hwcNormalize(slotMap) };
+    const json = JSON.stringify(payload);
+    let b64;
+    try { b64 = btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(json))); } catch (_) { b64 = btoa(json); }
+    return 'SLOPHWY2.' + b64.replace(/\+/g, '-').replace(/\//g, '_').replace(/=+$/, '');
+}
+function decodeHighwayColorShare(code) {
+    if (typeof code !== 'string') return null;
+    let s = code.trim();
+    // Require the exact versioned prefix. Anything else (a future/legacy
+    // SLOPHWY*, or unprefixed text) is rejected so the version boundary is real.
+    const PREFIX = 'SLOPHWY2.';
+    if (s.slice(0, PREFIX.length).toUpperCase() !== PREFIX) return null;
+    s = s.slice(PREFIX.length);
+    s = s.replace(/-/g, '+').replace(/_/g, '/');
+    while (s.length % 4) s += '=';
+    let json;
+    try { json = decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(s))); } catch (_) { try { json = atob(s); } catch (_) { return null; } }
+    let obj;
+    try { obj = JSON.parse(json); } catch (_) { return null; }
+    if (!obj || typeof obj.c !== 'object' || Array.isArray(obj.c)) return null;
+    return { name: String(obj.n || '').slice(0, 60), colors: _hwcNormalize(obj.c) };
+}
+// Import a share code: store it as a (uniquely named) saved theme and apply.
+function importHighwayColorShare(code) {
+    const parsed = decodeHighwayColorShare(code);
+    if (!parsed) return null;
+    let name = parsed.name || 'Imported';
+    const existing = _hwcReadThemes();
+    if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(existing, name)) {
+        let i = 2;
+        while (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(existing, name + ' ' + i)) i++;
+        name = name + ' ' + i;
+    }
+    saveHighwayColorTheme(name, parsed.colors);
+    applyHighwayStringColors(parsed.colors);
+    return { name, colors: parsed.colors };
+}
+
+// Startup: apply persisted colors to the 2D highway immediately and re-apply on
+// every song load (string count / bass-vs-guitar can change the slot→index
+// mapping) and whenever a viz renderer (re)initializes (the 3D loads async +
+// rebuilds per song, so a one-shot apply could land before it exists).
+let _hwcWired = false;
+export function initHighwayColors() {
+    reapplyHighwayStringColors();
+    if (!_hwcWired && window.feedBack && typeof window.feedBack.on === 'function') {
+        _hwcWired = true;
+        window.feedBack.on('viz:renderer:ready', reapplyHighwayStringColors);
+        window.feedBack.on('song:loaded', reapplyHighwayStringColors);
+        window.feedBack.on('song:ready', reapplyHighwayStringColors);
+    }
+    _hwcInstallFacade();
+}
+
+// ── Public plugin API: window.feedBack.highwayColors ─────────────────────
+// A stable, documented facade over the (otherwise private) string-color
+// manager so plugins can read / react to / set the user's per-string colors
+// without reaching into internals. This is a synchronous data-plane API, not a
+// capability domain — consistent with the constitution keeping highway/viz
+// surfaces off the capability graph until a dedicated render-facade slice
+// lands. Colors are keyed by NAMED string slot (see `slots`); use
+// `keysForChart`/`toEffective` to map names → per-string-index for a given
+// arrangement. See docs/plugin-capability-inventory.md.
+const _hwcChangeWrappers = new WeakMap();
+function _hwcInstallFacade() {
+    if (!window.feedBack || window.feedBack.highwayColors) return;
+    const api = {
+        version: 1,
+        // Ordered named slots: [{ key, label, sub }]. `key` is the stable id.
+        slots: HWC_SLOTS.map((s) => ({ key: s.key, label: s.label, sub: s.sub })),
+        // User-set overrides only (named slot → hex); empty object = defaults.
+        get() { return getHighwayStringColors(); },
+        // Canonical default color per named slot.
+        getDefaults() { return getHighwayDefaultSlotColors(); },
+        // Defaults overlaid with overrides — the colors in effect, by name.
+        getResolved() { return _hwcMergedSlotColors(); },
+        // Which named slot each chart string index maps to, for an arrangement
+        // (index 0 = lowest string). e.g. (7,false) → ['low7','lowE','A',...].
+        keysForChart(stringCount, isBass) { return _hwcSlotKeysForChart(stringCount, !!isBass); },
+        // Per-string-INDEX hex array (resolved colors) for an arrangement.
+        // Omit args to use the currently-loaded chart's shape.
+        toEffective(stringCount, isBass) {
+            const shape = (typeof stringCount === 'number')
+                ? { sc: stringCount, isBass: !!isBass }
+                : _hwcChartShape();
+            return _hwcEffectiveIndexColors(_hwcMergedSlotColors(), shape.sc, shape.isBass);
+        },
+        // The per-index colors actually applied to the live 2D highway now.
+        getCurrent() {
+            try { return (window.highway && window.highway.getStringColors) ? window.highway.getStringColors() : []; }
+            catch (_) { return []; }
+        },
+        // Set colors programmatically (persists + applies to both highways).
+        // Pass a named slot map, or null/{} to revert to defaults.
+        apply(slotMap) { return applyHighwayStringColors(slotMap); },
+        // One-click presets: [{ id, label, colors }] (full named-slot maps).
+        presets: HWC_PRESETS.map((p) => ({ id: p.id, label: p.label, colors: { ...p.colors } })),
+        // Apply a preset by id (persists + applies to both highways).
+        applyPreset(id) { return applyHighwayStringPreset(id); },
+        // Share-code interop (the "SLOPHWY2." copy/paste format).
+        encodeShare(name, slotMap) { return encodeHighwayColorShare(name, slotMap); },
+        decodeShare(code) { return decodeHighwayColorShare(code); },
+        // Subscribe to color changes; handler receives the resolved slot map.
+        // Returns an unsubscribe fn that removes exactly THIS subscription;
+        // offChange(fn) removes every subscription registered with that fn.
+        // (Each fn maps to a Set of wrappers so repeated mount/init paths that
+        // subscribe the same handler don't clobber each other or leak.)
+        onChange(fn) {
+            if (typeof fn !== 'function' || !window.feedBack) return () => {};
+            const wrapper = () => {
+                try { fn(api.getResolved()); } catch (e) { console.error('[highwayColors] onChange handler threw', e); }
+            };
+            let set = _hwcChangeWrappers.get(fn);
+            if (!set) { set = new Set(); _hwcChangeWrappers.set(fn, set); }
+            set.add(wrapper);
+            window.feedBack.on('highway:stringColors', wrapper);
+            return () => {
+                if (window.feedBack) window.feedBack.off('highway:stringColors', wrapper);
+                const s = _hwcChangeWrappers.get(fn);
+                if (s) { s.delete(wrapper); if (!s.size) _hwcChangeWrappers.delete(fn); }
+            };
+        },
+        offChange(fn) {
+            const set = _hwcChangeWrappers.get(fn);
+            if (set && window.feedBack) {
+                for (const wrapper of set) window.feedBack.off('highway:stringColors', wrapper);
+                _hwcChangeWrappers.delete(fn);
+            }
+        },
+    };
+    window.feedBack.highwayColors = api;
+}
+
+// ── Highway String Colors — Settings UI wiring ───────────────────────────
+// Pickers are per NAMED string (see HWC_SLOTS). Assigning "Low E" a color
+// keeps Low E that color regardless of string count — the translation table
+// (_hwcSlotKeysForChart) handles the index remapping per arrangement.
+
+function _hwcStatus(msg) {
+    const el = document.getElementById('hwc-status');
+    if (!el) return;
+    el.textContent = msg || '';
+    if (msg) {
+        clearTimeout(_hwcStatus._t);
+        _hwcStatus._t = setTimeout(() => { if (el.textContent === msg) el.textContent = ''; }, 2500);
+    }
+}
+
+// Render one color input per named slot, seeded from active colors (falling
+// back to the highway defaults for that slot).
+function hwcRenderPickers() {
+    const host = document.getElementById('hwc-pickers');
+    if (!host) return;
+    const defaults = getHighwayDefaultSlotColors();
+    const active = getHighwayStringColors();
+    host.innerHTML = '';
+    for (const slot of HWC_SLOTS) {
+        const val = active[slot.key] || defaults[slot.key] || '#888888';
+        const wrap = document.createElement('label');
+        wrap.className = 'flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-400';
+        const input = document.createElement('input');
+        input.type = 'color';
+        input.id = 'hwc-color-' + slot.key;
+        input.dataset.slot = slot.key;
+        input.value = val;
+        input.style.width = '2.5rem';
+        input.style.height = '1.75rem';
+        input.style.padding = '2px';
+        input.style.cursor = 'pointer';
+        input.className = 'rounded border border-gray-800 bg-dark-700';
+        input.addEventListener('input', () => hwcOnColorInput());
+        wrap.appendChild(input);
+        const span = document.createElement('span');
+        span.textContent = slot.label;
+        wrap.appendChild(span);
+        const sub = document.createElement('span');
+        sub.className = 'text-gray-600';
+        sub.textContent = slot.sub;
+        wrap.appendChild(sub);
+        host.appendChild(wrap);
+    }
+}
+
+function hwcReadPickers() {
+    const out = {};
+    for (const slot of HWC_SLOTS) {
+        const el = document.getElementById('hwc-color-' + slot.key);
+        if (el) out[slot.key] = el.value;
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+// Live apply on any picker change. Leaves the saved-theme select alone so a
+// tweaked-but-unsaved state is allowed; "Save as…" captures it.
+function hwcOnColorInput() {
+    applyHighwayStringColors(hwcReadPickers());
+}
+
+function hwcPopulateThemeSelect() {
+    const sel = document.getElementById('hwc-theme-select');
+    if (!sel) return;
+    const names = listHighwayColorThemes().sort((a, b) => a.localeCompare(b));
+    const current = getActiveHighwayColorThemeName();
+    sel.innerHTML = '';
+    const def = document.createElement('option');
+    def.value = '';
+    def.textContent = 'Default colors';
+    sel.appendChild(def);
+    for (const n of names) {
+        const opt = document.createElement('option');
+        opt.value = n;
+        opt.textContent = n;
+        sel.appendChild(opt);
+    }
+    sel.value = (current && names.includes(current)) ? current : '';
+}
+
+function hwcOnSelectTheme(name) {
+    selectHighwayColorTheme(name);
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+}
+
+async function hwcSaveTheme() {
+    const name = await uiPrompt({ title: 'Save Highway Colors', label: 'Theme name', value: getActiveHighwayColorThemeName() || 'My Colors', okLabel: 'Save' });
+    if (!name) return;
+    saveHighwayColorTheme(name, hwcReadPickers());
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    _hwcStatus('Saved “' + name + '”');
+}
+
+function hwcDeleteTheme() {
+    const name = getActiveHighwayColorThemeName();
+    if (!name) { _hwcStatus('No saved theme selected'); return; }
+    deleteHighwayColorTheme(name);
+    applyHighwayStringColors(null);
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+    _hwcStatus('Deleted “' + name + '”');
+}
+
+function hwcReset() {
+    try { localStorage.removeItem(HWC_KEY_NAME); } catch (_) {}
+    applyHighwayStringColors(null);
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+    _hwcStatus('Reset to defaults');
+}
+
+async function hwcCopyShare() {
+    const name = getActiveHighwayColorThemeName() || 'Highway Colors';
+    const code = encodeHighwayColorShare(name, hwcReadPickers());
+    let copied = false;
+    try { await navigator.clipboard.writeText(code); copied = true; } catch (_) {}
+    if (!copied) {
+        // Fallback: drop the code into the import field so it can be copied manually.
+        const inp = document.getElementById('hwc-import-code');
+        if (inp) { inp.value = code; inp.select(); }
+    }
+    _hwcStatus(copied ? 'Share code copied' : 'Copy failed — code shown below');
+}
+
+function hwcImport() {
+    const inp = document.getElementById('hwc-import-code');
+    const code = inp ? inp.value : '';
+    const res = importHighwayColorShare(code);
+    if (!res) { _hwcStatus('Invalid share code'); return; }
+    if (inp) inp.value = '';
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+    _hwcStatus('Imported “' + res.name + '”');
+}
+
+export function hwcInitSettingsUI() {
+    hwcPopulateThemeSelect();
+    hwcRenderPickers();
+}

static/js/tuning-display.js

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+// Tuning display — naming, string counts, and target frequencies.
+//
+// Carved verbatim out of static/app.js (R3a). A LEAF module: imports nothing.
+//
+// Turns raw per-string semitone offsets into things a human reads: a tuning NAME
+// ("Drop D", "Eb Standard", or a raw-offsets fallback), whether an arrangement is
+// bass, its effective string count, and the target FREQUENCIES + note names the
+// tuner checks against. Pure functions over a small MIDI/note-name table.
+//
+// The window / window.feedBack assignments for these stay in app.js — they are the
+// public contract (constitution II names window.feedBack), and app.js re-exposes
+// the imported bindings from exactly where it always did, so nothing about the
+// surface or its ordering changes.
+
+// Display-only tuning label helpers — never mutate offsets or affect playback.
+function _looksLikeRawTuningOffsets(str) {
+    if (!str || typeof str !== 'string') return false;
+    const s = str.trim();
+    if (!s) return false;
+    if (/^-?\d+$/.test(s)) return true;
+    if (/^-?\d+(?: -?\d+)+$/.test(s)) return true;
+    if (/^-?\d+(?:,-?\d+)+$/.test(s)) return true;
+    if (/^-?\d+(-?\d+){2,}$/.test(s)) return true;
+    return false;
+}
+
+function _tuningNameFromOffsets(offsets) {
+    if (!offsets || !offsets.length) return '';
+    const standard = {
+        0: 'E Standard', '-1': 'Eb Standard', '-2': 'D Standard',
+        '-3': 'C# Standard', '-4': 'C Standard', '-5': 'B Standard',
+        '-6': 'Bb Standard', '-7': 'A Standard',
+        1: 'F Standard', 2: 'F# Standard',
+    };
+    // Uniform offsets across 4 (bass) / 5 / 6 strings name the same Standard;
+    // a 4-string bass [0,0,0,0] must read "E Standard", not "Custom Tuning".
+    if (offsets.length >= 4 && offsets.every((o) => o === offsets[0])) {
+        const name = standard[offsets[0]];
+        if (name) return name;
+    }
+    if (offsets.length >= 4 && offsets[0] === offsets[1] - 2
+            && offsets.slice(1).every((o) => o === offsets[1])) {
+        const noteNames = ['E', 'F', 'F#', 'G', 'Ab', 'A', 'Bb', 'B', 'C', 'C#', 'D', 'Eb'];
+        return 'Drop ' + noteNames[((offsets[0] % 12) + 12) % 12];
+    }
+    const named = {
+        '-2,0,0,0,0,0': 'Drop D',
+        '-4,-2,-2,-2,-2,-2': 'Drop C',
+        '-2,-2,0,0,0,0': 'Double Drop D',
+        '0,0,0,-1,0,0': 'Open G',
+        '-2,-2,0,0,-2,-2': 'Open D',
+        '-2,0,0,0,-2,0': 'DADGAD',
+        '0,2,2,1,0,0': 'Open E',
+        '-2,0,0,2,3,2': 'Open D (alt)',
+    };
+    if (offsets.length === 6) {
+        const key = offsets.join(',');
+        if (named[key]) return named[key];
+    }
+    return 'Custom Tuning';
+}
+
+export function displayTuningName(value, offsets) {
+    // Explicit offsets win — always name them.
+    if (Array.isArray(offsets) && offsets.length > 0) {
+        return _tuningNameFromOffsets(offsets);
+    }
+    if (value && typeof value === 'string') {
+        const trimmed = value.trim();
+        if (!trimmed || trimmed === 'Unknown') return '';
+        if (!_looksLikeRawTuningOffsets(trimmed)) {
+            return trimmed;
+        }
+        // A raw offset string (now served by the API) — parse and name it so a
+        // known tuning like "-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1" reads "Eb Standard" rather than
+        // collapsing to "Custom Tuning".
+        const parsed = (typeof parseRawTuningOffsets === 'function')
+            ? parseRawTuningOffsets(trimmed) : null;
+        if (parsed && parsed.length) return _tuningNameFromOffsets(parsed);
+        return 'Custom Tuning';
+    }
+    return '';
+}
+
+export function isBassArrangement(context) {
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    if (typeof ctx.isBass === 'boolean') return ctx.isBass;
+    const label = ((ctx.arrangement || '') + ' ' + (ctx.arrangement_smart_name || '')).toLowerCase();
+    if (/\bbass\b/.test(label)) return true;
+    if (/\b(lead|rhythm|combo|guitar)\b/.test(label)) return false;
+    return false;
+}
+
+export function effectiveStringCount(offsets, context) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(offsets) || !offsets.length) return 0;
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    const isBass = isBassArrangement(ctx);
+    let sc = ctx.stringCount > 0 ? Number(ctx.stringCount) : 0;
+    if (!isBass) {
+        if (sc > 0 && sc <= 5 && offsets.length >= 6) sc = 6;
+        if (!sc) sc = offsets.length >= 6 ? offsets.length : 6;
+    } else if (!sc) {
+        sc = offsets.length >= 5 ? offsets.length : 4;
+    }
+    return Math.min(sc, offsets.length);
+}
+
+export function songTuningContext(songInfo) {
+    if (!songInfo || typeof songInfo !== 'object') return {};
+    return {
+        stringCount: songInfo.stringCount,
+        arrangement: songInfo.arrangement,
+        arrangement_smart_name: songInfo.arrangement_smart_name,
+    };
+}
+
+// Open-string target notes (display only) — mirrors plugins/tuner/utils/tuning-utils.js.
+const _TUNING_BASE_MIDI = {
+    4: [28, 33, 38, 43],
+    5: [23, 28, 33, 38, 43],
+    6: [40, 45, 50, 55, 59, 64],
+    7: [35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 59, 64],
+    8: [30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 59, 64],
+};
+
+const _TUNING_NOTE_SHARP = ['C', 'C#', 'D', 'D#', 'E', 'F', 'F#', 'G', 'G#', 'A', 'A#', 'B'];
+
+const _TUNING_NOTE_FLAT = ['C', 'Db', 'D', 'Eb', 'E', 'F', 'Gb', 'G', 'Ab', 'A', 'Bb', 'B'];
+
+function _tuningMidiToFreq(m) {
+    return Math.pow(2, (m - 69) / 12) * 440;
+}
+
+function _tuningOffsetsToFreqs(offsets, isBass) {
+    const len = offsets.length;
+    let base;
+    if (len === 4 || len === 5) {
+        base = isBass ? _TUNING_BASE_MIDI[len] : _TUNING_BASE_MIDI[6];
+    } else {
+        base = _TUNING_BASE_MIDI[len] || _TUNING_BASE_MIDI[6];
+    }
+    return offsets.map((offset, i) => {
+        const root = i < base.length ? base[i] : base[base.length - 1];
+        return _tuningMidiToFreq(root + offset);
+    });
+}
+
+function _noteNameFromFreq(freq, useFlats) {
+    const midi = 69 + 12 * Math.log2(freq / 440);
+    const rounded = Math.round(midi);
+    const names = useFlats ? _TUNING_NOTE_FLAT : _TUNING_NOTE_SHARP;
+    return names[((rounded % 12) + 12) % 12];
+}
+
+function _octaveNoteFromFreq(freq, useFlats) {
+    const midi = 69 + 12 * Math.log2(freq / 440);
+    const rounded = Math.round(midi);
+    const octave = Math.floor(rounded / 12) - 1;
+    return _noteNameFromFreq(freq, useFlats) + octave;
+}
+
+function _stringOrdinalLabel(n) {
+    const v = n % 100;
+    if (v >= 11 && v <= 13) return n + 'th';
+    const suffix = { 1: 'st', 2: 'nd', 3: 'rd' }[n % 10] || 'th';
+    return n + suffix;
+}
+
+function _tuningTargetFreqs(offsets, context) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(offsets) || !offsets.length) return [];
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    const stringCount = effectiveStringCount(offsets, ctx);
+    const trimmed = offsets.slice(0, stringCount);
+    if (!trimmed.length) return [];
+    const isBass = isBassArrangement(ctx);
+    try {
+        return _tuningOffsetsToFreqs(trimmed, isBass);
+    } catch (_) {
+        return [];
+    }
+}
+
+// Flat vs sharp spelling. A caller that knows the preference can pass
+// ctx.useFlats; otherwise we infer from a flat-keyed tuning name. The v3
+// card/HUD pass "Custom Tuning" (raw offsets carry no key), so those default
+// to sharps unless an explicit useFlats is supplied.
+function _resolveTargetUseFlats(ctx) {
+    if (typeof ctx.useFlats === 'boolean') return ctx.useFlats;
+    return typeof ctx.tuningName === 'string' && /\b[A-G]b\b/.test(ctx.tuningName);
+}
+
+export function displayTuningTargetDetails(offsets, context) {
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    const useFlats = _resolveTargetUseFlats(ctx);
+    const freqs = _tuningTargetFreqs(offsets, ctx);
+    return freqs.map((f, i) => {
+        const stringNumber = freqs.length - i;
+        const note = _noteNameFromFreq(f, useFlats);
+        const octaveNote = _octaveNoteFromFreq(f, useFlats);
+        return {
+            stringNumber,
+            note,
+            octaveNote,
+            title: _stringOrdinalLabel(stringNumber) + ' string: ' + octaveNote,
+        };
+    });
+}
+
+export function displayTuningTargets(offsets, context) {
+    const ctx = context && typeof context === 'object' ? context : {};
+    const useFlats = _resolveTargetUseFlats(ctx);
+    const freqs = _tuningTargetFreqs(offsets, ctx);
+    if (!freqs.length) return '';
+    return freqs.map((f) => _noteNameFromFreq(f, useFlats)).join(' ');
+}
+
+export function parseRawTuningOffsets(value) {
+    if (Array.isArray(value) && value.length) return value;
+    if (!value || typeof value !== 'string') return null;
+    const s = value.trim();
+    if (/^-?\d+(?: -?\d+)+$/.test(s)) {
+        return s.split(/\s+/).map((n) => Number(n));
+    }
+    if (/^-?\d+(?:,-?\d+)+$/.test(s)) {
+        return s.split(',').map((n) => Number(n));
+    }
+    return null;
+}

tests/js/highway_colors_facade.test.js

@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
 const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 
-const appJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The highway string-colour manager was carved out of app.js into its own
+// module (R3a).
+const appJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'highway-colors.js');
 
 function extractBlock(src, signature) {
     const start = src.indexOf(signature);

tests/js/highway_string_colors.test.js

@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ const path = require('node:path');
 
 const highwayJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'highway.js');
 const highway3dJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'highway_3d', 'screen.js');
-const appJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The highway string-colour manager was carved out of app.js into its own
+// module (R3a).
+const appJs = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'highway-colors.js');
 
 // Brace-balanced extraction (same helper shape as highway_note_state.test.js).
 function extractBlock(src, signature) {
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ test('3D gem-body gradients follow the active palette (not hardcoded)', () => {
     assert.match(apply, /_recolorGemGradients\(\)/, '_applyPaletteToMaterials must recolor gems on palette change');
 });
 
-// ── Core color manager (static/app.js) ────────────────────────────────────
+// ── Core color manager (static/js/highway-colors.js) ──────────────────────
 
 test('app.js color manager name-maps to both highways, with identity no-op + builtin guard', () => {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(appJs, 'utf8');

tests/js/tuner_auto_open.test.js

@@ -7,20 +7,23 @@ const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
 const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The tuning-display helpers were carved out of app.js into their own module (R3a);
+// the autoplay-gate test below still reads app.js.
+const TUNING_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'tuning-display.js');
 const TUNER_SCREEN_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'screen.js');
 const TUNING_UTILS_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'utils', 'tuning-utils.js');
 const TUNER_UI_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'utils', 'ui.js');
 
 function loadTuningHelpers() {
-    const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
-    const start = src.indexOf('function isBassArrangement(');
-    const endMarker = 'window.feedBack.parseRawTuningOffsets = parseRawTuningOffsets;';
-    const end = src.indexOf(endMarker);
-    if (start === -1 || end === -1) throw new Error('tuning helper block not found in app.js');
+    const src = fs.readFileSync(TUNING_JS, 'utf8');
+    // The module is nothing BUT the tuning helpers now, so there is no block to
+    // slice out — take it whole. `export` is stripped so the vm sandbox can still
+    // evaluate it as a plain script (the window.* contract lives in app.js).
+    const body = src.replace(/^export /gm, '');
     const sandbox = { window: { feedBack: {} }, exports: {} };
     vm.createContext(sandbox);
     vm.runInContext(
-        src.slice(start, end + endMarker.length),
+        body,
         sandbox
     );
     return sandbox.window.feedBack;

tests/js/tuning_display.test.js

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
-const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The tuning-display helpers were carved out of app.js into their own module (R3a).
+const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'tuning-display.js');
 const HIGHWAY_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'highway.js');
 const V3_HTML = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'v3', 'index.html');
 

tests/js/tuning_targets.test.js

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ const fs = require('node:fs');
 const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
-const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The tuning-display helpers were carved out of app.js into their own module (R3a).
+const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'tuning-display.js');
 const HIGHWAY_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'highway.js');
 const TUNER_UI_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'utils', 'ui.js');
 const TUNER_SCREEN_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'plugins', 'tuner', 'screen.js');
@@ -14,14 +15,14 @@ const V3_HTML = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'v3', 'index.html');
 
 function loadTuningHelpers() {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
-    const start = src.indexOf('function isBassArrangement(');
-    const endMarker = 'window.feedBack.parseRawTuningOffsets = parseRawTuningOffsets;';
-    const end = src.indexOf(endMarker);
-    if (start === -1 || end === -1) throw new Error('tuning helper block not found in app.js');
+    // The module is nothing BUT the tuning helpers now, so there is no block to
+    // slice out — take it whole. `export` is stripped so the vm sandbox can still
+    // evaluate it as a plain script (the window.* contract lives in app.js).
+    const body = src.replace(/^export /gm, '');
     const sandbox = { window: { feedBack: {} }, exports: {} };
     vm.createContext(sandbox);
     vm.runInContext(
-        src.slice(start, end + endMarker.length) + '\n'
+        body + '\n'
         + 'exports.displayTuningTargets = displayTuningTargets;\n'
         + 'exports.displayTuningTargetDetails = displayTuningTargetDetails;\n'
         + 'exports.isBassArrangement = isBassArrangement;\n'

tests/js/v3_songs_tuning.test.js

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ const path = require('node:path');
 const vm = require('node:vm');
 
 const SONGS_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'v3', 'songs.js');
-const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'app.js');
+// The tuning-display helpers were carved out of app.js into their own module (R3a).
+const APP_JS = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'static', 'js', 'tuning-display.js');
 
 function extractBlock(src, startMarker) {
     const start = src.indexOf(startMarker);
@@ -27,14 +28,14 @@ function extractBlock(src, startMarker) {
 
 function loadTuningHelpers() {
     const src = fs.readFileSync(APP_JS, 'utf8');
-    const start = src.indexOf('function _looksLikeRawTuningOffsets(');
-    const endMarker = 'window.feedBack.parseRawTuningOffsets = parseRawTuningOffsets;';
-    const end = src.indexOf(endMarker);
-    if (start === -1 || end === -1) throw new Error('tuning helpers not found');
+    // The module is nothing BUT the tuning helpers now, so there is no block to
+    // slice out — take it whole. `export` is stripped so the vm sandbox can still
+    // evaluate it as a plain script (the window.* contract lives in app.js).
+    const body = src.replace(/^export /gm, '');
     const sandbox = { window: { feedBack: {} }, exports: {} };
     vm.createContext(sandbox);
     vm.runInContext(
-        src.slice(start, end + endMarker.length) + '\n'
+        body + '\n'
         + 'exports.displayTuningName = displayTuningName;\n'
         + 'exports.displayTuningTargets = displayTuningTargets;\n'
         + 'exports.parseRawTuningOffsets = parseRawTuningOffsets;',